Universidade Federal de Alfenas

O presente trabalho apresenta a análise crítica e a aplicação didática da Tradição oral de Luéji e o primeiro Muata Ianvo, da região da Lunda, na África Central. A pesquisa visa demonstrar o potencial didático dessa fonte para romper com o ensino de História pautado em um recorte historiográfico eurocêntrico por meio do estudo das cosmopercepções da Lunda. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi utilizada uma metodologia que combinou a descrição da fonte, a análise crítica a partir de referenciais teóricos e a elaboração de uma sequência didática para o 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental. O processo de descrição da fonte foi refinado com o auxílio de ferramentas de Inteligência Artificial (DeepSeek). Os principais resultados obtidos foram a descrição e análise de uma fonte de arquivo colonial sob a perspectiva da cosmopercepção da Lunda, transformando o registro em uma ferramenta potente para a desconstrução da “história única”. Em conclusão, a fonte se apresenta como um recurso para um ensino de História, contribuindo efetivamente para o cumprimento da Lei 10.639/03 e a valorização dos saberes da Lunda na Educação Básica.

Abstract This work investigates the adsorption of Mn 2+ ions on hydrothermally synthesized Nb 2 O 5 nanoparticles obtained via an oxidant peroxo method, with particular emphasis on the role of functional groups present on the nanoparticle surface. Orthorhombic Nb 2 O 5 was formed at a mild temperature (100 °C), yielding nanocrystalline particles with high colloidal stability and a strongly negative surface charge. FTIR and zeta potential analyses reveal a carbonyl and hydroxyl-rich surface that promotes electrostatic attraction toward Mn 2+ species. Adsorption experiments demonstrate rapid Mn 2+ uptake, reaching equilibrium within minutes, with kinetics best described by a pseudo-first-order model, indicating a physisorption-dominated process. Equilibrium data are best fitted by the Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson isotherms, reflecting surface heterogeneity and multilayer adsorption, with an experimental adsorption capacity approaching 116.67 mg g −1 . These findings demonstrate that hydrolyzed Nb 2 O 5 is an efficient and tunable adsorbent for Mn 2+ removal, offering strong potential for water treatment and environmental remediation applications. Graphical abstract

ABSTRACT The study developed and characterized a noninvasive lactate biosensor based on layer‐by‐layer (LbL) films of chitosan (Chi) and AuNPs@PTS, a gold nanoparticle–polythiophene composite. LbL assemblies with varying bilayer numbers were fabricated and used to immobilize lactate oxidase (LOx), yielding Chi/AuNPs@PTS/LOx electrodes. Film growth and properties were probed by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence, and electrochemical measurements. Absorbance and fluorescence increased with the number of bilayers, consistent with exponential film buildup. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed that two bilayers enabled faster charge transfer and lower resistance than thicker films, identifying this architecture as optimal for enzyme immobilization. LOx was deposited by drip casting and cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde. Lactate sensing by CV was verified in standards and human sweat samples. The platform exhibited a linear analytical response from 0.5 to 30 mM, covering typical sweat concentrations, and demonstrated noninvasive measurement capability. Together, these results show that a minimal (two‐bilayer) Chi/AuNPs@PTS film provides an efficient matrix for LOx, supporting sensitive, sweat‐relevant lactate detection. The straightforward LbL fabrication and enzyme cross‐linking are compatible with low‐cost processing. Overall, the study establishes functional design principles by correlating the number of LbL bilayers with charge‐transfer properties and electrochemical performance to balance sensitivity with stability for wearable monitoring applications.

Este estudo de reflexão analisa criticamente a Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertensão Arterial - 2025, com foco nas mudanças dos critérios diagnósticos, no uso de dispositivos digitais e semidigitais, no risco de medicalização precoce e nos métodos adequados de aferição da pressão arterial. São integrados dados nacionais recentes sobre morbimortalidade e prevalência da hipertensão, bem como evidências internacionais acerca da acurácia de aparelhos e tecnologias digitais. Discute-se ainda a adaptação cultural dos valores pressóricos, a necessidade de equipes multiprofissionais, especialmente para apoio em atividade física e hábitos alimentares, e o papel estratégico da enfermagem na pesquisa, na prática assistencial e na educação em saúde. Defende-se que este é o momento para a enfermagem reafirmar seu protagonismo, liderando estudos sobre métodos de aferição, padronização em diferentes níveis, testes de dispositivos, validações locais e acompanhamento clínico-epidemiológico, transformando as recomendações da diretriz em ações concretas e efetivas.

Digital Twins (DTs) developed through simulation models have become essential tools for monitoring, optimisation and decision-making in industrial operations. However, as these models remain active throughout the production lifecycle, their validity may deteriorate due to changes in the physical environment, requiring robust, interpretable and ongoing assessment. This study proposes a statistically grounded and diagnostically oriented approach based on multivariate control charts, specifically Hotelling’s T² chart, to evaluate the lifecycle validity of simulation-based DTs in automated production settings. The method not only detects statistical deviations but also enables root cause diagnosis and guides decisions on model intervention or continued use. A real-world application is presented involving an automated manufacturing cell, where data were collected via industrial sensors and analysed in near real time, in this study, updated daily using data from the previous day, although the method supports more frequent or continuous execution. The results demonstrate the method’s ability to identify deviations, isolate contributing variables through variable-wise decomposition, and reinforce trust in DT models during operation. By addressing the validation of DTs as a continuous and multivariate challenge, the proposed approach enhances existing practices and offers a structured, practical solution for real industrial systems.

Abstract Materials with high phase temperatures are considered among the most promising modern energy storage materials. This is due to their thermal stability, low dielectric loss, and ability to maintain energy density under harsh conditions. In line with these qualities, this research focused on how adding La 3+ , Co 3+ , and Fe 3+ ions to three-layered Aurivillius-phase ceramics affects their dielectric capacitor properties. The co-doped ceramics exhibited a recoverable energy density ( W rec ) of 0.224 J/cm 3 and an energy efficiency ( η ) of 83%. This is a huge improvement compared to the undoped sample, which had a (W rec ) of 0.053 J/cm 3 and an energy efficiency ( η ) of 7%. The enhancement is attributed to the formation of defect dipoles formed by associations between oxygen vacancies and transition metal ions. These defect dipoles generate internal fields that stabilize the polarization and pin domain walls, thereby improving the energy storage performance. Structural analysis reveals that substituting Ti with Co/Fe induces oxygen vacancies and octahedral tilting, thereby significantly diminishing hysteresis. Scanning electron microscopy data demonstrate a reduction in grain size, decreasing from 2.236 to 1.92 μ m. Conversely, temperature-dependent investigations demonstrated a reduction in the Curie temperature ( T c ), specifically from 493 to 387 °C, while maintaining polarization stability up to 300 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data revealed an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies, rising from 11.6% to 23.8%, thus supporting the suggested defect mechanism. These observations imply that Aurivillius ceramics, designed with defects and tri-doped, possess the potential for high-performance dielectric energy storage applications at elevated temperatures.

Abstract Background and Aim: Cochlospermum regium is widely distributed in the Brazilian Cerrado, where its xylopodium is traditionally used to treat inflammatory disorders. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroethanolic extract of C. regium xylopodium (HECr) using in vivo and i n vitro models and characterized its phytochemical profile. Experimental Procedures: A 70% hydroethanolic extract was prepared from the xylopodium and subjected to phytochemical analysis. In vivo assays were conducted in male Swiss mice treated with HECr (25, 100, or 400 mg/kg) and evaluated in acetic acid-induced vascular permeability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis models. Total and differential leukocyte counts and cytokine levels were determined in peritoneal fluid. In vitro , RAW 264.7 macrophages were used to assess cytotoxicity, nitric oxide (NO) production, and inflammatory cytokine release after LPS stimulation. Results: Phytochemical analysis identified myricetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, quinic acid, and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside as major constituents. HECr significantly reduced Evans blue extravasation in the vascular permeability assay. In LPS-induced peritonitis, HECr decreased total leukocyte and neutrophil migration, reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels, and increased IL-10 concentrations compared with vehicle-treated controls. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, HECr (1–20 µg/mL) reduced IL-1β and NO production, decreased TNF-α at lower concentrations, increased IL-13 levels, and showed no cytotoxicity. Conclusions: HECr exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity, likely mediated by modulation of vascular permeability, leukocyte recruitment, cytokines, and NO, supporting its traditional use and potential therapeutic application.

Dynapenia, an age-related loss of muscle strength, is associated with adverse outcomes in older people. Elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels may accelerate muscle decline, especially in individuals with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine whether HbA1c levels are associated with dynapenia in community-dwelling older people, and whether this association differs between those with and without diabetes mellitus. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 404 community-dwelling older people in southern Brazil. Data collection included home interviews, physical assessments, and laboratory tests. Dynapenia was defined as mean handgrip strength below 26kg for men and 16kg for women. HbA1c was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between HbA1c and dynapenia, stratified by diabetes status. The sample was predominantly female (72.0%) and aged 60-69 years (44.3%). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 36.4%, and dynapenia was observed in 23.5% of participants. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher HbA1c levels were independently associated with dynapenia among older people with diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio = 1.34; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.71), regardless of sex, age, body mass index, and physical activity. Glycemic control is crucial to prevent muscle strength decline in older people with diabetes mellitus. Monitoring muscle strength should be part of clinical care to reduce functional impairment and adverse outcomes in this population.