Universitas Boyolali

This study examines the implications of international law on digital data ownership disputes between states and global corporations, focusing on the interaction among state sovereignty, multinational corporate responsibility, and the protection of individual digital rights. In the era of global digital integration, data has become a strategic asset that transcends national jurisdictions. The disparity between national regulations centered on data sovereignty and cross-border corporate operations has created a legal lacuna that weakens the position of states in protecting citizens’ data. Using a literature review method and a normative-comparative approach, this research explores several legal instruments such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), OECD Privacy Guidelines, and Indonesia’s Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law). The findings reveal the absence of a comprehensive international convention governing digital data ownership, resulting in overlapping jurisdictions, weak corporate accountability, and limited cross-border law enforcement. Moreover, technological developments that outpace legal adaptation have intensified digital human rights issues, particularly concerning the right to privacy and personal data control. The study emphasizes the importance of establishing harmonized international legal frameworks that balance the interests of states, corporations, and individuals through the principles of digital sovereignty, accountability by design, and cross-border cooperation mechanisms to ensure the protection of rights and data sovereignty in the era of global digitalization.

Operational risk management is an essential aspect in maintaining the stability and sustainability of micro-enterprises operating in the culinary sector, particularly in the fast food industry, which relies heavily on production processes, raw material quality, and human resource skills. This study aims to analyze the types of operational risks that arise in the daily operations of the Kebab Capadocia MSME in Boyolali Regency using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and field observations. The COSO Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework was used as the primary theoretical foundation to map risks based on five components: risk identification, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. The results indicate that the business faces four main risk categories: production process risks, human resource risks, food hygiene and safety risks, and raw material distribution risks. Implemented controls are still informal and not supported by standard operating procedures (SOPs), resulting in recurring risks that impact product quality. These findings contribute to the MSME risk management literature and offer practical recommendations for strengthening operational structures based on systematic risk management.

Focusing on Yuli Bakery, this study aims to examine in depth how production planning budgets and cost effectiveness influence business profitability, particularly in the food and bakery industry sector. This research is based on the assumption that effective production planning can optimize the utilization of available resources, minimize raw material waste, and establish more efficient and structured business operational performance. The study explores the implementation of labor management, raw material management, and production process control oriented toward cost efficiency without reducing product quality, thereby enabling sustainable profitability improvement. The results of the analysis show that Yuli Bakery successfully reduced its cost of goods sold (COGS) by IDR 12,800,000, which directly contributed to an increase in operating profit and gross profit. This cost reduction did not affect overall production volume nor generate additional expenses in other cost components. These findings indicate that even in the absence of significant revenue growth, cost optimization through proper production planning can make a substantial contribution to improving Yuli Bakery’s profitability.

This service examines the use of the social media platform of the tiktok application which acts as an effort to approach digital promotion for micro, small and medium enterprises in Krobokan village, Juwangi. Although MSMEs allocate an important role in sales products to the community, they do not fully understand digital media.This service applies a qualitative method by conducting interviews and socialization to the community which amounts to around 30 people consisting of 10 MSME business actors. The results of the interview identified MSME actors in Krobokan village who are not fully aware of the importance of understanding the development of social media as a marketing media tool, therefore we provide education about sales through online media because they only market products traditionally in the village environment. TikTok as a strategic means in supporting sales in today's digital era because the TikTok application is one of the highest platforms that are widely used today such as the TikTok Shop and Live TikTok features in strengthening the introduction of sales to customers through social media. This service concludes that from traditional marketing by word of mouth to marketing in the digital era that focuses on creative digital marketing, efforts have great potential in developing the community's economy in the current digital era.

Makalah ini mengkaji perspektif hukum humaniter internasional terhadap operasi militer di Gaza, dengan fokus pada penerapan prinsip-prinsip fundamental hukum perang, termasuk prinsip distingsi, proporsionalitas, dan kewajiban pencegahan korban sipil. Konflik berkepanjangan di Gaza telah menimbulkan dampak kemanusiaan yang sangat besar, terutama bagi penduduk sipil yang menjadi kelompok paling rentan. Dalam konteks ini, Hukum Humaniter Internasional (HHI) melalui Konvensi Jenewa 1949 dan Protokol Tambahan I menegaskan kewajiban para pihak untuk meminimalkan kerugian sipil, melindungi infrastruktur non-militer, serta memastikan akses kemanusiaan yang aman. Penelitian ini menelaah apakah praktik-praktik militer yang dilakukan di Gaza telah sesuai dengan standar tersebut, termasuk analisis terhadap serangan terhadap fasilitas kesehatan, penggunaan kekuatan secara tidak proporsional, dan pembatasan bantuan kemanusiaan. Melalui pendekatan normatif yuridis, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi adanya indikasi pelanggaran serius terhadap HHI yang berpotensi dikategorikan sebagai kejahatan perang. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya mekanisme akuntabilitas internasional, seperti Mahkamah Pidana Internasional (ICC), serta perlunya penguatan norma perlindungan sipil dalam konflik bersenjata. Makalah ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi terhadap diskusi akademik dan upaya advokasi penegakan hukum humaniter dalam konflik Gaza.

Maintaining cleanliness and preserving the environment is an obligation for everyone in this world, to keep our lives safe from diseases and disasters caused by human actions. However, in reality, many people still do not maintain cleanliness and do not preserve the environment. One way to maintain cleanliness and preserve the environment is through recycling or utilizing waste to create new products. The purpose of this community service is to remind and educate the students of SMK N 1 Musuk so that they are always attentive and sensitive to their surroundings, as well as able to use items or waste that are no longer needed to create new products with practical value. This community service uses a socialization method, which involves providing materials and practical assignments to the students of SMK N 1 Musuk. This socialization was conducted in class XI AKL 1. The result of this community service is that the students of SMK N 1 Musuk have a better understanding of how to utilize waste and trash around them into products or items that have new utility value. The students of SMK N 1 Musuk can also express their creative ideas through waste utilization, one example being making frames from cardboard and decorating them with waste. In addition, this socialization can also increase students' awareness to maintain school cleanliness and preserve the surrounding environment to help reduce pollution around us.

Stunting is a condition of growth failure in children caused by malnutrition. One sign of stunting is a child's height that is not appropriate for their age. The number of stunting cases in Indonesia is the highest compared to lower-middle-income countries, with Indonesia ranking 5th in the world for the highest number of stunting cases. Education on stunting prevention is urgently needed, especially for pregnant women and mothers with toddlers. This community service aims to increase understanding of stunting and how to prevent it among the people of Kunden Village, Banyudono District. The method we used was qualitative through educational delivery through socialization and the provision of nutritious food. Based on the data we obtained after conducting the survey, five children were identified as stunted. During the implementation phase, we participated in integrated health service post (Posyandu) activities by checking the children's weight and height. This was followed by a socialization phase and concluded with the provision of nutritious food in the form of mung bean porridge. This activity was able to have a positive impact on the participants. A significant positive impact for the participants was a change in their attitudes toward the importance of understanding the nutritional value of food and providing appropriate parenting practices to prevent their children from experiencing stunted growth, also known as stunting.

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan sebagai respons terhadap rendahnya kedisplinan siswa dalam menjaga kebersihan serta terbatasnya pemahaman mengenai perilaku hidup sehat di SMK Pandanaran Boyolalli. Tema ini dipilih karena dapat menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif, nyaman, dan mendukung kesehatan fisik maupun mental bagi peserta didik. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan cara menyampaikan materi, mengadakan diskusi, sesi tanya jawab, dan evaluasi untuk melihat seberapa jauh siswa memahami apa yang sudah dijelaskan. Dari hasil evaluasi, sebagian besar siswa sudah paham tentang pentingnya kebersihan lingkungan, cara mengelola sampah, dan kebiasaan hidup sehat. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan dampak positif, karena jadi lebih peduli dan mau menjaga kebersihan sekolah. Secara keseluruhan, kegiatan ini membuktikan bahwa cara belajar yang melibatkan siswa secara langsung terbilang efektif dalam meningkatkan kepedulian siswa terhadap lingkungan serta mendorong perubahan perilaku. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa sosialisasi sederhana dengan pendekatan interaktif dapat membentuk kebiasaan hidup bersih, sekaligus menumbuhkan pola pikir yang lebih peduli lingkungan dan mendorong siswa untuk menerapkan perilaku hidup sehat.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas mediasi dalam penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2004 (UU PPHI). Secara normatif, mediasi diposisikan sebagai langkah wajib non-litigasi yang mengedepankan prinsip win-win solution dan musyawarah. Namun, terdapat kesenjangan signifikan antara kerangka hukum dengan realitas implementasinya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan sosiologis, pembahasan ini menyoroti bahwa efektivitas mediasi saat ini masih terjebak pada pemenuhan prosedur administratif semata. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya tiga kendala utama: (1) Lemahnya kompetensi substantif dan netralitas mediator akibat tekanan struktur politik lokal; (2) Ketimpangan posisi tawar antara pengusaha dan pekerja yang sering kali memaksa pekerja menerima kesepakatan yang tidak adil demi kepastian ekonomi; serta (3) Ketiadaan mekanisme kontrol pengadilan untuk menguji keadilan substantif dalam pendaftaran Perjanjian Bersama. Meskipun data formal menunjukkan tingkat keberhasilan yang tinggi, kualitas keadilan bagi pekerja belum terjamin secara tegas. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya revisi UU PPHI yang mencakup standardisasi kompetensi mediator, penguatan peran regulator untuk menyeimbangkan posisi tawar, dan integrasi teknologi digital guna menciptakan sistem penyelesaian sengketa yang adil, transparan, dan memiliki kepastian hukum

Kajian ini menganalisis konsekuensi hukum dari terjadinya Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja massal pada PT Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk setelah perusahaan dinyatakan pailit. Penelitian dilakukan untuk memahami hak dan kewajiban pekerja sesuai perjanjian kerja serta perlindungan hukum ketenagakerjaan yang berlaku. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif melalui penelaahan peraturan, literatur akademik, dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun perusahaan dalam proses kepailitan, kewajiban terhadap pekerja tetap berlaku, termasuk hak atas pesangon, penghargaan masa kerja, dan penggantian hak. Namun, pelaksanaan hak-hak tersebut sering menghadapi kendala administratif, keterbatasan aset perusahaan, dan ketidakselarasan prosedur PHK. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun kerangka hukum Indonesia menyediakan perlindungan komprehensif bagi pekerja, implementasinya masih membutuhkan penguatan, khususnya dalam situasi perusahaan pailit dengan dampak PHK massal.