Universitas Kristen Immanuel

Budidaya maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF) menjadi pendekatan inovatif dalam penguatan literasi ekologis sekaligus solusi pengolahan limbah organik berbasis komunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas program edukasi dan praktik budidaya maggot BSF dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran, dan keterampilan masyarakat Kabupaten Tangerang terkait pengelolaan limbah organik sesuai prinsip ekonomi sirkular. MEtode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan pemberdayaan berbasis partisipatif (Participatory Community Engagement), yang menekankan keterlibatan aktif masyarakat dalam seluruh tahapan kegiatan melalui observasi dan pelatihan langsung. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada pemahaman ekologis, perubahan sikap ramah lingkungan, dan peningkatan keterampilan pengolahan limbah organik menjadi produk bernilai ekonomis. Implementasi budidaya maggot BSF terbukti tidak hanya memperkuat literasi ekologis masyarakat, tetapi juga menciptakan model pengelolaan limbah organik yang efisien, berkelanjutan, dan bernilai ekonomi, sejalan dengan tujuan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) poin 11, 12, dan 13. Program ini memberikan rekomendasi pengembangan kurikulum pelatihan berbasis ekonomi sirkular dan peningkatan kapasitas komunitas melalui kolaborasi multi pihak guna menciptakan desa berketahanan lingkungan

Community pharmacists have an important role in public health services, especially in self-medication services, namely the use of drugs without a doctor's prescription to treat minor complaints, although public perception of the role of pharmacists can differ between regions; the purpose of this study was to see the extent of the influence of Indonesian public perception on the role of community pharmacists in self-medication service practices using quantitative methods with a cross-sectional design through the distribution of online questionnaires covering six variables: General Awareness (GA), Effectiveness (EFF), Collaboration (COLL), Barriers (BARR), Trustworthiness (TRUST), and Self-medication Services, where the validity test with KMO and Bartlett's Test and PCA factor analysis showed a KMO value > 0.771 which met the construct feasibility requirements, while Cronbach's Alpha reliability > 0.743 indicated very good internal consistency; Chi-Square analysis for the influence of age and Pearson correlation between variables yielded a significance value > 0.05, meaning there was no significant relationship between age and respondents' perceptions, indicating a consistent relationship between constructs, with the highest correlation between self-medication service and barriers (r = 0.780), indicating the higher the perceived barriers, the stronger the relationship with self-medication services. The government and pharmacists are intensifying education to reduce barriers, pharmacists are strengthening collaboration and trust through personalized consultations, developing mobile drug consultation applications, and further research in specific areas to explore other factors such as education.

The role of community pharmacists in providing drug information is increasingly important to improve the safety of drug use by the public. However, public perceptions of the role of pharmacists may vary between regions. This study aims to analyze the influence of region of residence on the perceptions of Indonesians regarding the role of community pharmacists in Drug Information Services (DIS). The study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design through the distribution of an online questionnaire covering six variables: General Awareness (GA), Effectiveness (EFF), Collaboration (COLL), Barriers (BARR), Trustworthiness (TRUST), and Drug Information Service (DIS). Validity testing was conducted using KMO and Bartlett's Test as well as PCA factor analysis, which showed that all items had a KMO value > 0.5 and met the construct validity requirements. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's Alpha, with all variables having a value > 0.7, indicating excellent internal consistency. Chi-Square analysis was used to examine the influence of region, while the relationship between variables was tested using Pearson's correlation. The results showed that region did not affect all perception variables (p > 0.05), indicating that public perception was uniform nationwide. Rank Spearman correlation showed that all variables were significantly related, especially between Barriers and PIO (r = 0.768). It is recommended that pharmacists improve the quality of communication and education to strengthen the implementation of PIO in the community.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi dan integrasi nilai-nilai teologis Perjanjian Lama (PL) dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) yang kontekstual di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Permasalahan penelitian ini berangkat dari kecenderungan pembelajaran PAK yang masih bersifat kognitif dan kurang mengaitkan pesan teologis PL dengan realitas sosial-budaya peserta didik, sehingga potensi pembentukan karakter dan spiritualitas siswa belum optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, melibatkan guru PAK, siswa SMA, serta analisis dokumen kurikulum di beberapa sekolah di wilayah DIY. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi pembelajaran, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru PAK telah berupaya mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai teologis PL melalui pendekatan tematik, reflektif, dan berbasis konteks lokal, meskipun masih menghadapi keterbatasan sumber ajar, waktu pembelajaran, dan kompetensi pedagogis kontekstual. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan teologi kontekstual dalam kurikulum PAK agar pembelajaran Alkitab tidak hanya bersifat informatif, tetapi juga transformatif dalam membentuk iman dan karakter siswa Kristen.

ABSTRACT Candiroto Robusta coffee grounds, an underutilized waste product, hold potential as a base material for body scrub formulations, aligning with efforts to enhance the economic value of local commodities and reduce waste. This study aimed to formulate these coffee grounds into a scrub and evaluate its physical stability and consumer hedonic acceptance. An experimental method was employed, creating four scrub formulas (F0, F1, F2, F3) with varying concentrations of coffee grounds (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 grams). Physical stability was tested through organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and accelerated stability testing (3 cycles), while hedonic acceptance was assessed by 10 panelists. The results demonstrated that all formulations were physically stable throughout testing, evidenced by a constant pH of 6 (suitable for skin), homogeneous condition, and spreadability values meeting the standards for semisolid preparations. Organoleptic characteristics (color, aroma, texture) remained consistent, with higher coffee ground concentrations resulting in darker colors and coarser textures. Hedonic test results for color, aroma, and texture indicated that all scrub formulations were liked by the panelists. Formula F3, with a 7.5-gram concentration of coffee grounds, was the most preferred (average score of 43.22). In conclusion, Candiroto Robusta coffee grounds can be formulated into a scrub that is physically stable and sensorially acceptable, with F3 being the optimal formula. ABSTRAK Limbah ampas kopi robusta Candiroto berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku sediaan scrub, sejalan dengan upaya peningkatan nilai ekonomis komoditas lokal dan pengurangan limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasi ampas kopi tersebut menjadi sediaan scrub dan menguji stabilitas fisik serta tingkat penerimaan konsumennya secara hedonik. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan membuat empat formula (F0, F1, F2, F3) yang berbeda konsentrasi ampas kopi (0; 2,5; 5; dan 7,5 gram). Stabilitas fisik diuji melalui organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, dan stabilitas dipercepat (3 siklus), sedangkan uji hedonik melibatkan 10 panelis. Hasil uji stabilitas fisik menunjukkan semua formula stabil selama pengujian, dengan pH konstan 6 yang sesuai untuk kulit, kondisi homogen, serta daya sebar yang memenuhi standar sediaan semisolid. Karakteristik organoleptik (warna, aroma, tekstur) juga konsisten, dimana semakin tinggi konsentrasi ampas kopi, warna semakin tua dan tekstur semakin kasar. Hasil uji hedonik terhadap warna, aroma, dan tekstur menunjukkan bahwa semua formula scrub disukai panelis. Formula F3 dengan konsentrasi ampas kopi 7,5 gram merupakan formula yang paling disukai (nilai rata-rata 43,22). Disimpulkan bahwa ampas kopi robusta Candiroto dapat diformulasi menjadi scrub yang stabil secara fisik dan diterima secara sensori, dengan formula F3 sebagai formula terpilih.

Introduction: The use of testosterone therapy (TRT) to manage hypogonadal symptoms in prostate cancer survivors is clinically contentious due to long-standing fears that it may promote cancer recurrence. Definitive treatments often lead to debilitating side effects like fatigue and loss of libido, creating a dilemma between improving quality of life (QoL) and ensuring oncological safety. This systematic review evaluates the impact of testosterone therapy on biochemical recurrence rates and QoL in high-risk prostate cancer survivors. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Springer, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar for studies published since 2015. Eligibility criteria targeted randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies assessing TRT in adult males after primary treatment for high-risk prostate cancer, with outcomes of cancer recurrence and/or QoL. After screening 763 records, 19 studies were included in the final analysis. Results: The synthesized evidence did not show a significant increase in biochemical recurrence with TRT. Several studies reported low recurrence rates, with one frequency-matched study finding that TRT was associated with a 1.4-year delay in recurrence. Conversely, a critical deficiency in QoL data was identified; 16 of the 19 included studies did not use validated assessment tools to measure patient-reported outcomes. Reported adverse events were generally low-grade and manageable. Conclusion: A notable discordance exists between the emerging oncological safety of TRT and the profound lack of evidence supporting its benefits for QoL in high-risk prostate cancer survivors. While the historical fear of cancer recurrence is not strongly supported by recent data, the therapy's actual benefit to patients remains largely unquantified. Future research must prioritize QoL as a primary endpoint to establish a definitive risk-benefit profile.

Introduction: Biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCRPC) after initial treatment poses a significant clinical challenge. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), including novel antiandrogens, in patients with BCRPC without metastatic disease. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 40 studies published within the last 10 years were included, comprising mostly randomized controlled trials and prospective cohorts. Eligible studies compared at least two interventions among radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and ADT in adult patients with biochemical recurrence after primary treatment. Primary outcomes included progression-free survival, metastasis-free survival (MFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related complications. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by multiple reviewers. Results: The addition of ADT to salvage radiotherapy (SRT) significantly improved PSA progression-free survival (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.53–0.74) and metastasis-free survival (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.55–0.82). Longer ADT duration (24 months) was superior to shorter duration (6 months) in improving MFS (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61–0.97). Novel hormonal agents combined with ADT, such as apalutamide, abiraterone, and enzalutamide, further enhanced biochemical control (HRs ranging 0.48–0.72). No consistent overall survival benefit was observed across studies (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.42–1.69). PSMA PET/CT-guided SRT improved biochemical progression-free survival compared to conventional imaging. Treatment-related toxicities increased with dose-intensified radiotherapy and intensified hormonal therapies but were generally manageable. Discussion: Combining ADT with SRT improves biochemical and metastasis-free outcomes in BCRPC patients. Extended ADT duration and novel antiandrogen additions show further benefit, though optimal timing and duration remain uncertain. Advanced imaging enhances treatment precision. Balancing efficacy with toxicity and quality of life is essential. Conclusion: Multimodal treatment involving salvage radiotherapy and ADT, especially with novel hormonal agents, improves disease control in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. Personalized treatment decisions based on patient risk and PSA kinetics are crucial. Further research is needed to clarify overall survival benefits and optimize therapy duration.

Kualitas suara pada layanan streaming Spotify seringkali tidak konsisten akibat gangguan noise dan variasi parameter jaringan, yang berdampak pada pengalaman pengguna (QoE). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kualitas suara Spotify menggunakan algoritma ViSQOL dengan menganalisis pengaruh noise dari pink noise, background noise, compression noise dan impulse noise, serta network noise yang ditentukan lewat parameter jaringan yaitu throughput, delay, packet loss dan jitter. Metode kuantitatif diterapkan dengan merekam 800 sampel audio menggunakan Audacity, kemudian dianalisis melalui ViSQOL di MATLAB untuk menghasilkan nilai MOS, SNR, dan Spectral Distortion, sementara parameter jaringan dipantau menggunakan Wireshark. Hasil menunjukkan pink noise 50% menurunkan MOS hingga 61-65%, impulse noise berdampak paling buruk pada MOS di angka 15-17%, dan background noise relatif dapat ditoleransi dengan nilai MOS yaitu 61-65%. Delay berpengaruh lebih signifikan terhadap QoE dibanding packet loss, dengan MOS mencapai 3.78 pada delay 62.15 ms. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan bagi pengembang layanan streaming untuk mengoptimalkan mitigasi noise dan manajemen jaringan, serta menjadi referensi bagi penelitian terkait evaluasi kualitas audio berbasis persepsi pengguna.

Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, is recommended as a first-line treatment for hypertension in Indonesia. However, reports from several community health centers in Indonesia indicate that long-term use of amlodipine has led to side effects such as ankle edema in a significant percentage of patients. Genetic variations in drug metabolism in an individual's body may contribute to these side effects. This study investigates the association between CYP3A5*3 and CYP3A4*1G and the incidence of peripheral edema in Indonesian amlodipine patients. This cross-sectional, analytical, observational study involved 85 peripheral blood samples from hypertensive patients. The Tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ARMS-PCR) method was used to identify variations in the CYP3A4*1G and CYP3A5*3 genes. The contingency coefficient analysis was conducted with IBM Statistic SPSS22 software to analyze the association of gene variants and the occurrence of peripheral edema. The incidence of edema in patients taking amlodipine occurred in 6 cases in individuals with the CYP3A4*1/*1G and CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype combination and in 3 cases in individuals with the CYP3A4*1/*1 and CYP3A5*3/3 genotype combination. However, with a p-value greater than 0.05 (p=0.536), the genotype variations did not significantly correlate with the incidence of peripheral edema. There is no association between CYP3A4*1G and CYP3A5*3 gene variation with an incidence of ankle edema in amlodipine-using patients.

Penggunaan media sosial TikTok sebagai alat pemasaran berkembang pesat seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penggunanya, menjadikannya salah satu platform paling populer saat ini. Apotek X pun memanfaatkan TikTok sebagai bagian dari strategi pengembangan untuk memperkuat interaksi dengan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penggunaan TikTok oleh Apotek X dalam mengembangkan bisnis dan menjangkau audiens yang lebih luas. Permasalahan yang diteliti meliputi jenis konten yang diposting, interaksi yang diperoleh, dan preferensi audiens terhadap konten yang ditampilkan. Metode penelitian digunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menganalisis data jumlah postingan, jenis konten, serta jumlah interaksi berupa suka dan komentar dari bulan Februari hingga Desember 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Apotek X berhasil meningkatkan interaksi dalam jumlah yang besar pada bulan November 2024, dengan total mencapai 299.973 interaksi. Berdasarkan data keseluruhan, kategori konten dengan interaksi tertinggi berasal dari informasi obat, yang memperoleh 374.387 suka dan 10.267 komentar. Diikuti oleh informasi kesehatan, dengan jumlah interaksi mencapai 41.413 suka dan 2015 komentar. Sementara itu, kategori iklan dan hiburan menunjukkan tingkat interaksi yang relatif lebih rendah. Konten iklan memperoleh 5.616 suka dan 132 komentar, sedangkan konten hiburan hanya mendapatkan 4.131 suka dan 97 komentar. Analisis ini menyoroti pentingnya penyesuaian strategi pemasaran dengan karakteristik audiens TikTok yang cenderung lebih tertarik pada konten yang informatif dan menghibur. TikTok dapat menjadi platform yang efektif untuk pengembangan bisnis apotek dengan pendekatan yang tepat dalam penyajian konten yang menarik dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan audiens.