Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

ZnO nanoparticles synthesized through Pogostemon cablin Benth (PCB) leaf extract demonstrate significant potential as active UV-protection agents in sunscreen cosmetic product. This research employs an environmentally sustainable approach by utilizing secondary metabolites present in PCB leaf extract, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins compounds. These bioactive compounds function as natural bases sources and capping agents for hydrolysis process. The effect of adding PCB leaf extract concentration variations (5, 7, 9 %) has been studied on the results of ZnO nanoparticles bandgap values of 3.26, 3.17, and 3.12 eV, respectively. Morphological characteristics transformed from hexagonal wurtzite structures to spherical which is caused by the active role of functional groups in PCB leaf extract. The ZnO nanoparticles exhibited an average particle size distribution of 79.5 nm accompanied by exceptional homogeneity levels at −29 mV. For PCB leaf extract at 5, 7, and 9 % concentrations produced SPF values for ZnO nanoparticles measuring 19.33, 33.48, and 47.66, respectively. PCB leaf extract enables controlled ZnO nanoparticles size, enhanced UV absorption, and significantly improved for sun protection factor (SPF). • ZnO nanoparticles was synthesized using Pagostemon cablin Benth (PCB) leaf extract as a natural hidrolysis process. • ZnO nanoparticles was characterized by FTIR, XRD, PSA, SEM-EDX. • PCB leaf extract has a significant effect on the UV-protection properties of ZnO nanoparticles. • The SPF value of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized with PCB extract concentration (9 %) was 47.66.

This study aims to explore the application of the Marketing 5.0 concept in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, with a focus on the challenges and strategies faced in adopting advanced technology in digital marketing. This study employs a descriptive–qualitative approach using a case study design in the city of Semarang, the research involved 10 participants (business owners, marketing managers, and digital marketing staff). Using thematic analysis, the study identifies key themes, including the adoption of basic digital technologies as the foundation of marketing; early use of AI such as customer service chatbots and automated product recommendations; utilisation of simple analytics from social media and e-commerce platforms to map consumer behaviour; and the strengthening of human-centred approaches through storytelling and personalised content. Practical examples include the use of simple IoT tools for stock monitoring and Instagram insights to determine optimal posting times. The findings reveal that major challenges, limited digital infrastructure, low technological literacy, and constrained human resources can be addressed through gradual technology adoption and external support, particularly government-led digital training and technical assistance from technology companies. The study underscores that a mindset shift towards greater openness to technology is essential for MSMEs to fully harness the potential of Marketing 5.0.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self- disclosure dengan kecemasan sosial pada siswa SMK. Sebanyak 291 siswa berpartisipasi dalam penelitian kuantitatif ini dengan teknik proportional incidental sampling. Self-disclosure diukur menggunakan skala dengan 35 item, sedangkan kecemasan sosial diukur menggunakan skala dengan 26 item. Analisis korelasi Pearson Product Moment menunjukkan hubungan negatif yang signifikan (r = -0,364, p < 0,05), yang berarti semakin tinggi self-disclosure maka semakin rendah kecemasan sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya keterampilan self-disclosure untuk menurunkan kecemasan sosial dan meningkatkan penyesuaian diri siswa. Kata kunci: kecemasan sosial, self-disclosure, siswa

The aim of this research is to find out the comparison of the anxiety levels of high school students who take part in the Takhassus program with the regular program. This research method uses an analytical observational research type with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was female students from class XII of the Tahfidh Al-Amien Prenduan Islamic Boarding School who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique was carried out using a stratified random sampling technique. Data taken included the program followed, namely takhassus or usual, the number of juz that had been memorized and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 questionnaire. Data analysis for hypothesis testing used the Mann Whitney test. The results of this research have a p value of 0.020 (≤0.05), which means that the level of anxiety of students in the Takhassus program is lower than the level of anxiety of students who take part in the regular program.

Sexual misconduct has existed since long ago, and every year millions of children are exposed to various forms of abuse. Pedophilia among children in Demak has become a phenomenon that must be handled properly between perpetrators and victims. Pedophilia among children: Incidents of child pedophilia will disrupt the balance of children's thought processes in the future regarding the concept of sexuality. Pedophilia and child sexual abuse require in-depth scientific knowledge to improve prevention strategies in society. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of knowledge about pedophilia among school children in the Demak region of Indonesia. The research method used descriptive analysis with the CKAQ questionnaire, including children's knowledge related to pedophilia and sexual deviance, with a sample of 196 children with an average age of 10-11 years. The results of the study show that there are still students who lack understanding about pedophilia in the low to moderate range. The conclusion of the study shows that the level of knowledge among schoolchildren regarding pedophilia still needs to be improved through regular education on the importance of knowing and maintaining reproductive health and understanding the correct concept of sexuality.

In Indonesia, refractive errors are the most common eye disorder, affecting approximately 25% of the population or around 55 million individuals. Students in Islamic boarding schools are particularly vulnerable to myopia due to study habits such as reading while lying down, maintaining a reading distance of less than 30 cm, and using inadequate lighting. This study aims to analyze risk factors associated with myopia among students aged 14–18 years at Al-Fakhry Hadiwijaya Islamic Boarding School, Kajen. The research employed a quantitative observational analytic design using a cross-sectional approach. Total sampling was applied in December 2023, involving students from grades VIII MTs to XII MA who had lived in the boarding school for at least one year. Data were collected using questionnaires, Snellen charts, trial frames, lux meters, and visual inspection with correction. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, and ethical approval was obtained (No: 098/EC/KEPK-FK/UNIMUS/2023). The study involved 41 eligible respondents, showing that 56.1% experienced myopia while 43.9% did not. The most dominant risk factors identified were poor lighting (73.1%), improper reading position (69.2%), and close reading distance (38.1%). Statistical results indicated significant relationships between room lighting (p=0.004), reading position (p=0.026), and reading distance (p=0.017) with myopia occurrence. Among these factors, inadequate indoor lighting showed the strongest association with myopia incidence among students.

Pendahuluan: Anemia pada ibu hamil merupakan masalah kesehatan serius yang berisiko meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu serta bayi. Upaya pencegahan membutuhkan peran aktif kader kesehatan, namun keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masih menjadi kendala di lapangan. Karakteristik kader di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bandarharjo yang didominasi usia 46–55 tahun, masa kerja panjang, dan sebagian besar tidak bekerja menunjukkan perlunya media edukasi yang lebih komunikatif dibandingkan metode konvensional. Video animasi dengan kombinasi visual dan audio dinilai mampu meningkatkan pemahaman materi teknis secara lebih efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas media video animasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kader kesehatan tentang anemia pada ibu hamil.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif pre-eksperimental dengan desain one group pretest–posttest. Sampel terdiri dari 49 kader kesehatan aktif yang dipilih secara total sampling. Intervensi berupa video animasi yang dibuat dengan canva berdurasi 4 menit 41 detik. Analisis meliputi univariat dan uji Wilcoxon (data tidak normal, kurang dari 0,05).Hasil: Rata-rata skor pengetahuan meningkat signifikan dari 56,87±13,008 menjadi 78,30±15,680 (kurang dari 0,05).Kesimpulan: Media video animasi efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan kader kesehatan mengenai anemia pada ibu hamil.

Introduction: There are quite a lot of babies who experience sleep problems in Indonesia, namely around 44%. However, almost or even more than 72% of parents do not consider sleep disturbances in babies as a problem. In fact, sleep problems can interfere with the baby's growth, cause vulnerable immune function, and disrupt the regulation of the endocrine system. Sleep disorders in babies are more recommended for non-pharmacological treatment, namely music therapy. One of the music therapies is listening to murottals of the Al-Qur'an surah Al-Mulk to improve the quality of baby’s sleep. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of murottal Al-qur’an surah al-mulk therapy on the sleep quality of babies aged 0-6 months. Method: The research used a pre-experiment method by using one group pre-test and post-test. The research sample used an accidental sampling technique of 5 babies with sleep disorders. The instrument used by researchers was a baby sleep quality questionnaire sheet. Data analysis using test Wilcoxon because of data distributed No normal. Results: There is an effect of Al-Quran surah Al-Mulk murottal therapy on baby sleep quality with a p value of 0.006 (<0.05). The average quality of the baby's sleep before being given Al-Quran murottal therapy was 2.60 and the average after being given Al-Quran murottal therapy was 1.70. Conclusion: There is an influence of Al-Qur'an surah Al-Mulk murrotal therapy on the quality of baby's sleep. This is because murrotal Al-Qur'an therapy can have a calming effect on babies, so that babies can achieve good quality sleep. The research hopes that surah Al-Mulk murrotal therapy can be applied independently and continuously at home so that babies do not have difficulty sleeping.

ABSTRACT: The advancement of educational technology has encouraged the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) as an instructional medium capable of enhancing interactivity and the overall learning experience. Nevertheless, students’ creative thinking skills in geometry remain suboptimal, and studies examining the integration of AR with an open-ended approach are still limited. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an AR-based e-module employing an open-ended approach in improving the creative thinking skills of junior high school students. The research adopts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework, encompassing the stages of identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. The findings indicate that AR-based e-modules with an open-ended approach contribute positively to the development of creative thinking, particularly in fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. These results suggest that integrating AR with an open-ended approach constitutes an effective and relevant strategy for strengthening higher-order thinking skills in mathematics learning. ABSTRAK: Perkembangan teknologi pendidikan mendorong pemanfaatan AR sebagai media pembelajaran yang dinilai mampu meningkatkan interaktivitas serta mutu pengalaman belajar. Meskipun demikian, kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa SMP pada materi geometri masih menunjukkan hasil yang belum optimal, dan kajian yang menelaah integrasi AR dengan pendekatan open-ended masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas e-modul berbasis AR dengan pendekatan open-ended dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Metode yang digunakan ialah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA melalui tahapan identifikasi, penyaringan, kelayakan, dan inklusi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa e-modul berbasis AR berpendekatan open-ended berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan aspek kelancaran, keluwesan, orisinalitas, dan elaborasi. Temuan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa integrasi AR dengan pendekatan open-ended merupakan strategi yang efektif dan relevan untuk memperkuat kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam pembelajaran matematika.

The open model as the one the application of Leontief model using the explanation of the economy with input-output model. The open model shows the number of productions needed to satisfy an increase in internal and external demand. By using the operation linear algebra operation on ring characteristics, then the production numbers are calculated. This method is applied on the ten product-producing commodities of North Sumatera export demand to find the total production number, while the amount of demand is defined. It shows a solution to the minimization linear program is the solution that will satisfy both internal and external demands of the commodity with minimum inventory level.