University Orthopedics Center

Purpose This paper examines how women are represented in a purposive sample of war documentaries on the Spanish Civil War, World War II, and the Syrian War, gauging the persistence and evolution of gender stereotypes across these historical contexts. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods content analysis was conducted on 18 documentaries produced between 1963 and 2023. Their transcribed scripts (approximately 154,000 words) were coded and analyzed to identify dominant archetypes and narrative framing, as well as the influence of the director's gender on the representation of women. Findings The analysis shows that women in these documentaries are still most often portrayed through caregiving and victim/vulnerable roles, especially in older and male-directed films. Over time, there is an apparent increase in empowered portrayals of women as combatants, leaders, and activists, particularly in more recent works and those directed by women. Female-directed documentaries give women greater visibility and narrative voice than male-directed ones, indicating that sociohistorical context and directorial gender can support a shift away from patriarchal patterns toward more agentic and diverse images of women in conflict. However, this does not mean that recent productions or female directors automatically produce more representative films, as other factors such as social progress, production context, market pressures, funding structures, and editorial choices may also influence how women are portrayed. Originality/value The study contributes to feminist media research by illustrating that documentary cinema can reproduce patriarchal narratives while also offering potential spaces for progress, depending partially on the directorial perspective and context. It highlights the impact of the sociohistorical context in shaping collective memory and gender representation in films.

The purpose of the study was to compare the safety and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided carpal tunnel release (UGCTR) and open carpal tunnel release (OCTR) in real-world clinical settings. Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome were prospectively enrolled in the multicenter MISSION registry and treated with unilateral UGCTR or OCTR by experienced surgeons. Outcomes included the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire Symptom Severity and Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire Functional Status Scale, pain (0-10 scale), opioid use, health-related quality of life (EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level), satisfaction (overall and wound), and adverse events through 3 months. Baseline group characteristics were balanced using propensity score matching. A total of 178 patients per group were analyzed. The predominant anesthesia methods differed between groups (84.8% wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet with UGCTR; 68.5% monitored anesthesia with OCTR). Ultrasound-guided carpal tunnel release was associated with shorter incisions (5.2 vs 16.5 mm) and less sutured wound closure (14.6% vs 100%), but longer procedure times (15 vs 6 minutes). At 3 months, UGCTR showed minor statistical advantages in Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire Symptom Severity (group difference: -0.14 points), Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire Functional Status Scale (group difference: -0.16 points), and pain severity (group difference: -0.6 points), with no statistical differences in EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (group difference: 0.03 points) or overall satisfaction (group difference: 4.9%). Opioid use was less common (10.2% vs 49.1%), wound satisfaction was higher (94.2% vs 84.0%), and wound symptoms were less severe after UGCTR (60.7% vs 22.8% with no sensitivity or pain). Nonserious adverse event rates were comparable (1.1% vs 0.0%). Ultrasound-guided CTR and OCTR provided safe and effective symptom relief in routine clinical practice. Ultrasound-guided CTR was associated with less anesthesia, shorter incisions, reduced opioid use, and fewer wound symptoms, whereas procedure time was shorter with OCTR. Technique selection should be guided by shared decision making, considering patient expectations and surgeon's judgment. Therapeutic II.

Adolescent fragile connectedness with caregivers is a process in which, rather than experiencing a consistent sense of connection with caregivers, adolescents' feelings of closeness and connection are highly reliant on the day-to-day experiences with caregivers. In the current study, we hypothesized that fragile connectedness would be a risk factor for internalizing psychopathology outcomes (depression, anxiety) and positive well-being (flourishing, psychological well-being), either as a main effect or by moderating the relation between general caregiver-adolescent connectedness and long-term outcomes. This study presents a secondary analysis of data from a sample of 150 9th and 10th grade adolescents (61.3% girls) in 9th and 10th grade (Mage = 14.61) living in two-caregiver families in the Mid-Atlantic region of the US. Adolescents and caregivers completed a baseline assessment, 21-day daily diary burst, and 1-year follow-up assessment. Adolescents reported on daily connectedness with caregivers, depression, anxiety, psychological well-being, and flourishing. Caregivers reported on daily positive parenting. Fragile connectedness was measured as individual differences in the within-person relations between daily variation in positive parenting and adolescents' connectedness with caregivers. Outcomes were regressed on fragile connectedness, average connectedness, baseline measures of outcomes, adolescent gender, family income, living with both biological caregivers and the interaction between fragile and average connectedness. Fragile connectedness was directly associated with decreases in psychological well-being and flourishing, but not with depression or anxiety. Average connectedness with caregivers was associated with decreases in adolescent depression over time. Implications for future research are in the emphasis on the importance of dynamic characteristics of the family (i.e., fragile connectedness) for adolescent well-being.

Lower limbs can play a major compensating role for sagittal malalignment; however, little is known about the different types of compensation. This study aimed to identify different patterns of lower limb compensation and to determine which parameters may affect the recruitment of knee flexion versus hip extension. This study included adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients with full-body X-rays in erect position from a multicentric prospective database. All parameters were measured at baseline: demographics, clinical scores and radiographic parameters: pelvic parameters, pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) mismatch, T1 pelvic angle (TPA), sacro-femoral angle (SFA), knee flexion angle (KA), ankle dorsi-flexion angle (AA), pelvic shift (PSh), hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) grade.A K-means cluster analysis was conducted to identify patterns of lower limb compensation based on SFA and KA. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the silhouette score. The different parameters were then compared across clusters. 871 ASD patients were included, of whom 66.9% were females. Mean age was 62.3±14.6 years, mean BMI was 27.7±5.5 kg.m-2. Four patterns of lower limb compensations were identified: "No compensators", "Recliners" (mainly hip extension), "Squatters" (mainly knee flexion) and "Mixed compensators" (both)."Mixed" and "Squatters" had significantly larger BMI. The proportion of females was the least in the "Squatters" cluster (47.0%) while it was the highest in the "Recliners" group (79.3%) (p<0.001). The proportion of patients with severe hip OA was the lowest in the "Recliners" (38.5%) while it was the highest in the "Squatters" group (71.9%). Knee OA rate was the highest in the"Squatters" group (72.7%). "Mixed compensators" had the greatest PI-LL mismatch (30.4±20.0°) and "No compensators" the lowest (5.3±21.3°). Pelvic incidence values were the highest in "Recliners" and "Mixed compensators" (59.2±13.1° and 57.0±14.1° respectively). TPA values were the highest in the "Mixed compensators" and the lowest in the "No compensators" (33.3±11.7° versus 16.1±11.5°). The "Squatters" presented the significantly poorest values for disability, frailty, and SRS score. Cluster analysis determined four types of lower limb compensation:"Recliners" using only hip extension, "Squatters" using only knee flexion,"Mixed compensators" and "No compensators". Lower limb compensatory mechanisms recruitment is multifactorial and varies with age, sex, BMI, frailty, knee and hip OA, pelvic incidence, and spinal alignment.

The growing demand for cybersecurity professionals has led to a proliferation of educational initiatives across the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). This survey examines efforts spanning K-12 programs, higher education, and industry certifications. While colleges and universities offer increasingly diverse undergraduate and graduate programs. The rise of online learning and the involvement of for-profit education providers further broaden access. Despite this growth, educational efforts remain fragmented and have not kept pace with workforce needs. This paper highlights key trends and challenges across the cybersecurity education ecosystem and underscores the need for greater coordination to strengthen the talent pipeline.

Transition from professional football life has important implications for the health and well-being of former National Football League (NFL) players. The study purpose was to examine former NFL players’ experiences of transitioning from sport including factors that helped and factors that made transition difficult. This study used a convenience sample of former NFL players drawn from a larger study of health and function. Participants included 1,784 former NFL players, mean age = 52.3 ± 16.3 years, 59% White, and a discontinuation mean of 24.0 ± 15.6 years after leaving the league. Participants responded to open-ended transition questions via mail or electronic questionnaire with responses analyzed using conceptual content analysis. The most frequently reported factors that helped transition included career transition plan/options (48%) and social support (40%). Whereas, structure- (33%) and identity-related (23%) difficulties were reported as factors that made transition difficult. Findings identify areas for targeted interventions to enhance NFL player well-being during transition from sport.