University Pavaresia Vlore

The local government, as the government closest to the community, aims to meet the needs that are the most useful to the community. Local government itself is essentially the result of the decentralisation of central government through the division of the power horizon, depending on the form of government in a political society. The level of efficiency and effectiveness in services and in meeting the needs of the community depends on the functioning deriving from decentralisation in the political, administrative and financial directions. Different countries have a strong tradition in the organisation and functioning of local governments. Citizen sensitivity makes many local administrative and financial decision-making problems for local issues more democratic for direct democracy. Like all Eastern European countries, Albania, after the system changed in 1990, implemented two reforms to regulate the effectiveness and quality of local services for the community.

This paper has treated the syntagmatic level in the explanatory dictionaries, in the monolingual and bilingual as well, since the syntagmata in the dictionary can be dealt with as being unnoticed, because it is considered as less important than explanations or definitions or equivalents (when the dictionary is bilingual). But, if, for example, it can’t be said in the explanation that a verb or adjective can be linked with words that refer to alive and not alive objects, than the user can see the illustrative examples (the weather became cold/cold (distant) from his friend; a cold room/a cold person; a man walks/ the horse walks ; the time passes/ the work goes on; ecën koha (ecën puna). Nowadays, when the society is developing so fast and thoroughly, the use and utilisation of monolingual, bilingual, multilingual, linguistic or encyclopaedic dictionaries, is the most common and inevitable phenomenon, because these works not only are recorders of the word and phraseology, of semantic and lexical fortune, national and international one, but also have their determining importance in the acquirement of the language and in the expansion of the linguistic and communicative competence, in finding an unknown word and its semantic definition, or in finding lexical and semantic units with which creates semantic, paradigmatic, word-forming and stylistic relations etc. The illustrative examples are helpful for the full exploration of meaning and serve as an additional instrument for the characterisation of the word, showing the area of use and the typical grammatical lexicon enclosure. They also prove the stylistic evaluation and grammatical characteristic that is given to the word. The main purpose of this paper is that by relying in the subject that is offered by these kind of irreplaceable works, it will treat the importance of the syntagmatic level of the explanatory dictionary as an important part for knowing the word and its significance, to increase the lexical and semantic competence of the users of these dictionaries.

The aim of this paper is to explain the importance of the Integrated model of Dwyer - Kim, in terms of its application to different tourist destinations, as a valuable tool to measure and evaluate the impact of different factors in their competiveness level and making possible to compare them to each other. Managing tourist destination competitiveness is a very challenging process. This model serves as a tool to identify, to evaluate and rank the importance of different attributes and sub-attributes of a tourist destination. Having the information on the relative importance of all the factors and sub-factors makes destinations/countries well oriented to select and invest or effectively manage those factors which are of high impact in achieving and maintaining the sustainable competitiveness level in the market. How this model is composed? Which factors and sub-factors are involved in this model for being evaluated and ranked, as tourist destination competitiveness attributes? How these factors and sub-factors can be converted in measurable ones? How this model can be applied in practice? Answering the above questions and giving some evidences in different countries about the last question will be the objectives of this paper. After a literature review process on different models of evaluating tourist destination competitiveness, the integrated model of Dwyer - Kim, here presented, results as the most completed model which does integrate the both sides of the tourist market factors, those of the supply and demand side.

Marketing mix elements have a special role in the performance of maritime ports. The marketing of the sea ports have a special role in the development of tourism. The elements of marketing mix play an important role in maritime transport and port services, they remain important elements, but also complex elements about the high competition and service offered, recalling here the service features regarding port services in general. In this study will examine the available literature related to marine ports, high competition of their, the role of ports and maritime transport in the economy of countries, the role of marketing to improve port services, the role of the ports for development of tourism. This paper will conclude with a aspect of the marketing mix elements and in particular with the trend for development of marketing seaport and in the other hand the development of tourism in Vlora region. The study aims identifying the role of marketing for the development of the sea ports and the point of connection with the promoting the interests of the tourism. Questionnaires are used for gathering data. The questionnaires included both open-ended and closed questions. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2014.v3n2p265