University of Alabama System

The biopsychosocial model for providing holistic care after traumatic injury requires consideration of the social factors that influence health outcomes in addition to management of physical wounds. Social drivers of health (SDOH) such as interpersonal safety, food insecurity, housing instability, transportation needs, and utility needs comprise the five domains that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services now require hospitals to screen for. In this article, we will (1) describe the impact of SDOH on injuries and outcomes in trauma patients, (2) describe the value and importance of screening, and (3) provide examples of effective and impactful interventions trauma centers have or may use to improve SDOH in the communities they serve. Through collaboration and intentionality, screening for SDOH can occur at trauma centers, near and far, and serve as a critical step to integrating social care into trauma care.

Drawing on the conceptual framework of informal music learning, I explore the implications of formal, nonformal, and informal music learning practices on students’ developing musicianship and musical identity. Specifically, the present column examines three key areas in which informal music learning practices differ from traditional music learning approaches: (a) teacher-facilitated instruction, (b) functional musicianship, and (c) peer collaboration. A reflective guiding question encourages teachers to consider how informal learning principles might inform their practice. The present column asks, how can the principles of informal music learning help us begin to reimagine learning in formal and nonformal music learning spaces?

With the advent of 5.5G, China’s sports service industry is intricately linked to digitization. Digitization propels the upgrading of sports media and information services, digitalizes sports goods sales on e-commerce platforms and online retail, and drives the digital broadcasting of sports events and virtual sports development. This study focuses on the relationship between digitization and sub-industries within the sports service industry. Utilizing Eviews 13 software, a Vector Autoregression model analyzes China’s digital industry and sports service industry data from 2015 to 2022. Findings reveal a significant Granger causal relationship between the digital industry and sports media and information services. Cross-elasticity analysis shows growing interaction between the digital industry and sports media and information services over time, implying a strengthening promotional effect on the sports service industry. This study provides empirical support for understanding the relationship between the digital industry and the sports service industry.

Purpose This study aims to delve into the role that telehealth plays in mitigating health inequities faced by forcibly displaced Ukrainians amidst the ongoing conflict. Design/methodology/approach A retrospective cross-sectional study design was implemented, using data procured from the electronic health records of the Likarnya online project. The research approach integrated descriptive statistics, visual data representations and inferential analyses, including chi-square tests, odds ratio calculations and logistic regression tests. Findings The analysis revealed a predominance of female users (77.1%) and a high prevalence of health-care access barriers (69.7%). General practice/internal medicine consultations constituted the majority of referrals (72.93%), with a notable 78.66% of cases achieving closure. A significant prevalence rate was observed concerning chronic conditions relative to acute presentations. Statistical analyses uncovered significant associations between case severity and health-care access barriers, with moderate and severe cases demonstrating elevated odds of encountering obstacles to care. Age emerged as a crucial predictor of health-care access difficulties, highlighting the particular vulnerabilities faced by older displaced individuals. Originality/value This study highlights the potential of telemedicine in reducing health-care access disparities of displaced populations in conflict zones. Furthermore, this study brings to light pivotal insights concerning demographic and clinical variables that influence patterns associated with health-care services attainability. These findings serve as a clarion call for targeted interventions explicitly tailored for older individuals and those with severe health conditions. Hence, the findings provide a foundation upon which forthcoming academic endeavours alongside strategic policy formulation may be constructed.

Additive manufacturing (AM) facilitates the production of intricate, customized components through a layer-by-layer material deposition process, offering substantial benefits such as shorter production cycles and reduced manufacturing costs. However, AM components are frequently affected by intrinsic issues, including surface roughness, porosity, and residual stresses arising from non-equilibrium solidification. These challenges can detrimentally impact both the mechanical properties and surface integrity of AM-produced parts, often necessitating post-processing treatments to meet specific functional standards. Common post-processing techniques, such as thermal treatments, surface finishing, and hot isostatic pressing, are pivotal for improving dimensional precision, homogenizing microstructures, and enhancing mechanical robustness. The in-situ characterization of post-processed AM parts is critical for reliable quality control. However, traditional methods largely depend on destructive testing or indirect assessment techniques, which are not suitable for real-time monitoring. Despite ongoing research efforts, the need for robust, standardized, and widely acceptable nondestructive evaluation (NDE) solutions remains unmet. This study investigates the application of ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) integrated with full waveform inversion (FWI) as an advanced NDE strategy for the characterization of AM components. The combined USCT-FWI approach enables high-resolution imaging by iteratively minimizing waveform discrepancies, providing the sensitivity needed to detect microstructural variations and evaluate post-processing efficacy. Results demonstrate the feasibility of USCT-FWI as a precise, non-invasive characterization method, potentially enhancing quality control measures within AM industries.

This study used a computational exploratory approach to examine X discourse on health and water sanitation challenges in a rural region in the United States, comparing them with global contexts. The research aimed to identify key themes influencing significant public health concerns and to propose potential interventions. Two primary research questions examined the specific water-related issues in the region and their global implications. The dataset consisted of 12,472 observations analyzed through computational text analysis. The findings revealed that discussions in the Black Belt region primarily focused on a limited set of issues, whereas global conversations emphasized community-level problems and the widespread public nature of these concerns, despite their public-facing nature in both contexts. This study contributes valuable insights to the understanding of social media dialogues as environmental health challenges evolve into broader global health risks.

SummaryIn 2023, the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) hosted a panel discussion highlighting existing community engagement models for violence prevention and emphasizing the unique position of trauma surgeons to work with community stakeholders to develop these models. Four distinct programs were discussed.

Purpose: This review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of digital school-based mental health interventions for adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa. Method: The authors conducted a comprehensive search of digital school-based mental health interventions to identify studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa targeting adolescents between the ages of (10–19) years. Peer-reviewed studies published in English between 2009 and May 2023 were obtained through electronic bibliographic databases. Result: Only one study met the full inclusion criteria for this review. The included study tested a digital mental health intervention (“Shamiri Digital”) for treating depression, anxiety, and well-being in adolescents. The “Shamiri Digital” intervention demonstrated positive outcomes on depressive symptoms within the full sample. Discussion: The dearth of studies investigating digital mental health solutions for adolescents in low-income countries demonstrates a critical gap in intervention and research for adolescent mental health in resource constrictive settings