University of Alaska System

Results: Clients were primarily Black/African American (73.8%) and had low incomes.Almost half (n30) had very high BP, 27.9% (n17) had high BP, and 8.2% (n5) had elevated BP.Only 14.8% (n9) had normal BP.Neither statistically significant differences in mean FAST scores across BP groups nor associations between FAST scores and BP values were found.However, clients with 76-100% of household-consumed foods from pantries were more likely to have lower SP (p < 0.05).Also, clients who received foods from pantries with multiple distribution methods were more likely to have a lower DP (p < 0.05).Conclusions: We identified a notable relation among eating more pantry-source foods at home, multiple food distribution methods, and having lower SP/DP in a sample of low-income Baltimore adults, suggesting consistent access to pantry foods may be vital in regulating HTP risk for those experiencing food insecurity.Future research should find out this relation in pantries with varying food sourcing and distribution methods.

The rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to rise across Australia among 16- to 29-year-olds. Timely testing is needed to reduce transmission, but sexual health clinics are at capacity. This demand, coupled with barriers to getting tested faced by young people, has led to web-based services as a pragmatic solution. However, for young people to use these services, they must be acceptable, attractive, and usable. Social marketing principles combined with end user engagement can be used to guide the development of a web-based service and create a marketing strategy to attract them to the service. Working closely with end users and guided by social marketing, this project explored messaging, design elements (imagery), and promotional strategies that will support high usage of a web-based STI/blood-borne virus (BBV) testing service for young people in Victoria, Australia. Young people were recruited to participate in half-day workshops via youth organizations and targeted Meta (Facebook/Instagram) advertisements. An initial web-based survey was deployed to inform workshop content. Workshops were held in metropolitan, outer metropolitan, and regional Victoria. Young people were presented with a range of "image territories" developed by a social marketing firm and social marketing messages that were informed by the literature on communicating health messages. Participants discussed the feelings and reactions evoked by the content. Data collected through mixed methods (transcribed notes, audio recording, and physical outputs) were thematically analyzed to understand features of messaging and imagery that would attract young people to use the service. A total of 45 people completed the initial survey with 17 participating in focus group workshops (metropolitan: n=8, outer metropolitan: n=6, and regional: n=3). Young people preferred messages that highlight the functional benefits (confidential, affordable, and accessible) of a web-based service and include professional imagery and logos that elicit trust. Young people indicated that the service should be promoted through digital communications (eg, dating apps and social media), with endorsement from government or other recognized institutions, and via word-of-mouth communications. This study has highlighted the value of applying social marketing theory with end user engagement in developing a web-based STI/BBV testing service. Through the voices of young people, we have established the foundations to inform the design and marketing for Victoria's first publicly funded web-based STI/BBV testing clinic. Future research will measure the reach and efficacy of social marketing, and how this service complements existing services in increasing STI/BBV testing uptake among young Victorians.

Inference of phylogenetic networks is of increasing interest in the genomic era. However, the extent to which phylogenetic networks are identifiable from various types of data remains poorly understood, despite its crucial role in justifying methods. This work obtains strong identifiability results for large sub-classes of galled tree-child semidirected networks. Some of the conditions our proofs require, such as the identifiability of a network’s tree of blobs or the circular order of 4 taxa around a cycle in a level-1 network, are already known to hold for many data types. We show that all these conditions hold for quartet concordance factor data under various gene tree models, yielding the strongest results from 2 or more samples per taxon. Although the network classes we consider have topological restrictions, they include non-planar networks of any level and are substantially more general than level-1 networks — the only class previously known to enjoy identifiability from many data types. Our work establishes a route for proving future identifiability results for tree-child galled networks from data types other than quartet concordance factors, by checking that explicit conditions are met.

Higher education institutions situated in Central Asia and South Asia have become increasingly open to receiving international students. However, there is a dearth of research and information regarding the presence and outcomes of international students in both regions. Given that the adjustment process presents challenges, more research is needed on international students transitioning from high schools to higher education within both regions. This article provides a brief context of Central Asia and South Asia, reviews existing literature on adjustment to college through the framework of risks and resilience, and provides school psychologists with recommendations to support prospective international students working in both regions.

This review examines recent developments in the application of stable isotope analyses (δ18O, δ13C, δ15N, δD) to lacustrine invertebrate remains. These remains are ubiquitous in lacustrine sediments and thus provide an opportunity to measure changes in stable isotope ratios across a range of timescales and environments and allow interpretive power beyond taxonomic studies. To date they have been relatively understudied in comparison to carbonate fossils and offer both opportunities and challenges and we explore both themes in this review. This review will explore improvements to analytical instrumentation and the opportunities that this presents, it will look at a range of new studies of the modern lacustrine environment and how these studies allow a more nuanced palaeoenvironmental approach. We review recent studies that have used these advancements in understanding to help to reveal new knowledge of past climates, environments and ecology. In addition, we explore new studies that help to elucidate the role of methane-derived carbon to lacustrine food webs and the drivers behind this, including new data to estimate the contribution of methane derived carbon to an arctic lake. We conclude that major progress is currently being made in invertebrate-isotope analyses, and we expect this to continue apace.

This is an area that is widely researched. There are also numerous studies with respect to India. Adding a new industrial group to the study does not add value to the literature. Hence, I would recommend rejection of the paper.

Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Thermal modeling of three lakes within continuous permafrost zone in Alaska using LAKE 2.0 modelAuthorsJasonClarkiDKenTapeElchinJafaroviDBenjaminJonesVictorStepanenkoJoelRowlandiDSee all authors Jason ClarkiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorUniversity of Alaska FairbanksiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4810-5261view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressKen TapeUniversity of Alaska Fairbanksview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressElchin JafaroviDLos Alamos National LaboratoryWoodwell Climate Science CenteriDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8310-3261view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressBenjamin JonesUniversity of Alaskaview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressVictor StepanenkoLomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematicsview email addressThe email was not providedcopy email addressJoel RowlandiDEarth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.iDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-8976view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address

"Forgotten bastards of the Eastern Front: American airmen behind the Soviet lines and the collapse of the Grand Alliance." The Historian, 83(1), pp. 90–91

Abstract. Spatial variability in snowpack properties negatively impacts our capacity to make direct measurements of snow water equivalent (SWE) using satellites. A comprehensive data set of snow microstructure (94 profiles at 36 sites) and snow layer thickness (9000 vertical profiles across nine trenches) collected over two winters at Trail Valley Creek, NWT, Canada, was applied in synthetic radiative transfer experiments. This allowed for robust assessment of the impact of estimation accuracy of unknown snow microstructural characteristics on the viability of SWE retrievals. Depth hoar layer thickness varied over the shortest horizontal distances, controlled by subnivean vegetation and topography, while variability in total snowpack thickness approximated that of wind slab layers. Mean horizontal correlation lengths of layer thickness were less than a metre for all layers. Depth hoar was consistently ∼30 % of total depth, and with increasing total depth the proportion of wind slab increased at the expense of the decreasing surface snow layer. Distinct differences were evident between distributions of layer properties; a single median value represented density and specific surface area (SSA) of each layer well. Spatial variability in microstructure of depth hoar layers dominated SWE retrieval errors. A depth hoar SSA estimate of around 7 % under the median value was needed to accurately retrieve SWE. In shallow snowpacks &lt;0.6 m, depth hoar SSA estimates of ±5 %–10 % around the optimal retrieval SSA allowed SWE retrievals within a tolerance of ±30 mm. Where snowpacks were deeper than ∼30 cm, accurate values of representative SSA for depth hoar became critical as retrieval errors were exceeded if the median depth hoar SSA was applied.