University of Baguio

Given the dual challenges of declining physical fitness and low engagement in physical education (PE) among vocational high school students, exploring effective instructional interventions is imperative. This study investigated the impact of gamified instruction grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) on students’ learning motivation and physical fitness. A quasi-experimental design was conducted over 12 weeks with 255 Chinese vocational students (experimental n=136; control n=119). The experimental group received a gamified intervention featuring points, badges, leaderboards, and challenges, while the control group followed a standard PE curriculum. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicated that the experimental group exhibited significantly higher levels of positive interest, sports engagement, and autonomous learning compared to the control group (all p < 0.01). Furthermore, the intervention yielded superior composite fitness scores (F = 47.48, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that motivation partially mediated the relationship between gamified instruction and fitness gains. These findings suggest that SDT-based gamification is an effective strategy for enhancing vocational students' physical outcomes by activating key psychological mechanisms. This study provides empirical evidence and practical insights for PE pedagogical reform in vocational institutions.

The study examined the presence and significance of symbols and archetypes in pre-colonial Philippine poetry and determined how these elements enhanced the cultural awareness of Grade Seven students from the University of Baguio Science High School. It aimed to identify recurring symbols and archetypal patterns in selected narrative poems and explain their contribution to students’ understanding of Filipino identity and cultural values. A qualitative-descriptive research design was used, and purposive sampling was applied in selecting twenty-four student participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed through thematic analysis, content analysis, and cultural context analysis to capture both students’ interpretations and the cultural meanings embedded in the poems. Results showed that natural symbols, communal imagery, and culturally grounded archetypes deepened students’ appreciation of Filipino heritage by linking historical experiences with contemporary personal challenges. Students associated the symbols and archetypes with values such as unity, perseverance, sacrifice, courage, and faith, which strengthened their sense of cultural identity and pride. The findings revealed that engaging with pre-colonial poetry enabled students to recognize cultural continuity across generations and to relate these values to modern social situations. The study concluded that symbols and archetypes served as effective tools for fostering cultural literacy and strengthening students’ connection to their heritage.

This article provides perspectives on the use of Cerebrolysin as an adjunct treatment to reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In the evolving landscape of AIS reperfusion therapy, we hypothesize that adjunctive cerebroprotective therapy, such as Cerebrolysin, is likely to further improve patient outcomes. Beyond its established neurorecovery benefits, recent data indicate that Cerebrolysin also offers protection to the neurovascular unit and the blood-brain barrier. This paper introduces the CErebrolysin in RECanalization And Perfusion (CERECAP) program, a collaborative initiative of independent academic investigations exploring the favorable trends of Cerebrolysin in reperfusion. The CERECAP program has generated compelling data demonstrating Cerebrolysin's alignment with current AIS reperfusion therapy concepts, particularly its role in early intervention targeting multiple pathways. We review these studies and discuss the critical need to clearly define the patient population that benefit most from adjunctive Cerebrolysin therapy in AIS.

Teaching in the 21st century is both exciting and challenging. The changing roles of teachers and changing characteristics of learners in this age of globalization makes it imperative for teachers to respond to the challenges of the times especially with regards to instruction. This study determines the effectiveness of the constructivist problem-based learning approach on the performance of pre-clinical Dentistry students in the course, Removable Partial Denture. The study utilized the experimental research method using the two-group research design. A total of 17 participants, with eight assigned to a control group using traditional instruction, and nine to the experimental group receiving PBL intervention. Preliminary assessment revealed low mastery for both groups, with mean scores of 12.50 (fair) in the control group and 20.55 (good) in the experimental group. After intervention, the achievement assessment scores improved to 19.37 (good) for control and 29.00 (very good) for experimental participants. T-test analyses found no significant difference between groups at pre-assessment (t = 1.03, p > .05), but a statistically significant advantage for the experimental group following PBL (t = 2.67, p < .05). The assessment rubric used demonstrated very high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.933) Comparison of the preliminary assessment and achievement assessment scores of the two groups was done to determine the effectiveness of the problem-based learning approach. The level of performance of the RPD students in the preliminary assessment reflects that the students have not fully mastered the principles and skills needed in designing and wax pattern fabrication. The level of performance of the RPD students in the achievement assessment reflects that the RPD students, particularly the experimental group have attained mastery of the principles and skills needed in designing and wax pattern fabrication. The problem-based learning intervention worked well in improving the level of performance of the experimental group. This concludes that Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an effective teaching-learning strategy in the Dentistry education. Key limitations of the study include small sample size, the single institution setting, and the focus exclusively on pre-clinical laboratory outcomes rather than clinical skills or long-term learning retention.

Background. Amputation is commonly indicated to control infection in patients with diabetic foot disease. There were over 3.7 million diabetic adults in the Philippines in 2017. Around 4 of 1000 patients with diabetes underwent lower extremity amputations.Objective. This study aimed to evaluate patients with diabetic foot disease who underwent lower extremity amputation at a tertiary hospital and analyze possible risk factors for their amputations.Methodology. Records of patients treated for diabetic foot disease from 2017 to 2021 were reviewed. We identified risk factors such as sex, renal disease, arterial duplex scan, white blood cell count, HbA1c level, Wagner classification, and history of cigarette smoking, and correlated these with amputation.Result. In 260 patients, older age, arterial occlusion (i.e., monophasic results on arterial duplex scan), poorer soft tissue status (i.e., higher Wagner classification), and higher WBC levels increased the likelihood of amputation. Renal disease, sex, smoking, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were not significantly related.Conclusion. The factors associated with amputation in patients with diabetic foot disease were similar to those inliterature, including age, soft tissue compromise, elevated white blood cell levels, and monophasic arterial duplexscans. Renal disease, sex, smoking, and HbA1c were not found to be statistically significant factors in this study.

Parasomnias are sleep disorders characterized by unusual and often distressing behaviors or experiences that occur during sleep or the transition between wakefulness and sleep. These disorders can arise in both non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stages. REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is the most common and most studied parasomnia in movement disorders, especially among synucleinopathies. Numerous researches on RBD have established its clinical significance. Other parasomnias are less frequently reported in movement disorders, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions about their coexistence. Additionally, exploding head syndrome has not yet been documented in any movement disorders. This review summarizes current research on parasomnias, their association with movement disorders, and emphasizes the importance of increased awareness to improve diagnosis, management, and patient outcomes.

This paper will talk about a certain literary piece from the literary period under Martial Law of Literature- 1972-1886 and will be using Reader response Approach in the analysis and discussion of the literary text. Words are like swords used as a weapon, in this period of literature 1972, stifling creativity for many writers. During this period, most poems dealt with themes of patience and culture and at the same time protest and activism where many writers prefer to write in a trivial manner in order to express their thoughts and ideas.

This study evaluated the integration of technology, collaboration skills, and learning satisfaction among freshmen students in a local college in Negros Occidental. Utilizing a descriptive research design, the study sought to assess the extent of technology integration in the Teaching Profession Subject, collaborative skills, and overall learning satisfaction. A total of 90 freshmen students participated, providing data through a validated self-made questionnaire. The findings indicated that the extent of technology integration was high, while collaboration skills were categorized as very high, and learning satisfaction levels were also deemed very high. Notably, the study found no significant relationship between technology integration and collaboration skills, suggesting that technology alone did not directly enhance students' collaborative abilities. Conversely, a significant correlation existed between collaboration skills and learning satisfaction, indicating that improvements in students' collaborative abilities were associated with heightened levels of satisfaction. Furthermore, the study established a significant relationship between technological integration and learning satisfaction, implying that effective use of technology enhanced students' educational experiences. These results underscore the need for educators to focus on fostering collaboration skills while ensuring that technology is effectively integrated into the curriculum. The implications of the findings highlight the importance of addressing content accessibility and providing structured support to facilitate meaningful collaborative experiences for freshmen students. Ultimately, the study contributes to understanding the dynamics between technology, collaboration, and student satisfaction in modern educational settings.

This study explored the correlation between personality traits and online learning experiences among graduate students at Wenzhou University. Using a descriptive-correlational design, it analyzed responses from 30 graduate students selected through convenience sampling. The Big Five Personality Traits model and an online learning experience questionnaire were employed. Results revealed that conscientiousness was the most dominant trait, and students had generally positive online learning experiences. A significant positive correlation was found between conscientiousness and online learning satisfaction. These findings suggest that personality influences how students engage with and perceive online education. The study recommends tailoring online learning strategies to accommodate individual personality traits to enhance academic performance and student satisfaction in virtual learning environments.