University of Bisha

Abstract This study examines the role of socially responsible investment (SRI) in education. Using bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review, it was found that while SRI has received increasing attention over the years, studies focusing specifically on education are limited. The findings demonstrate that SRI has the potential to enhance students’ ethical awareness and foster a sense of social responsibility. The importance of educational institutions in raising responsible individuals for the future is emphasized, particularly through the development of SRI-focused curricula and projects. Furthermore, interdisciplinary research is required to address the existing gaps in this area.

Background: Ovarian cystectomy is standard treatment for endometrioma but is associated with decreased ovarian reserve. Catheter-directed sclerotherapy (CDS) is an ovary-sparing image-guided alternative; however, supporting evidence comprises retrospective comparative and prospective single-arm studies. Objective: To compare CDS and ovarian cystectomy in terms of therapeutic efficacy and effect on ovarian function in women with ovarian endometrioma through a randomized controlled trial. Methods: This prospective pilot study enrolled women evaluated for unilateral unilocular endometrioma measuring >3 cm from March 20221 to July 2024. Participants were randomized to treatment by fluoroscopic and ultrasound-guided CDS or laparoscopic cystectomy. The primary endpoint was percentage decline from baseline to 12 months in serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (an ovarian functional reserve marker). Additional procedural and 12-month outcomes were assessed including the Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30) questionnaire addressing endometriosis-related symptoms and quality of life (lower score: better status). Results: The analysis included 40 participants: 20 randomized to CDS (mean age, 32.8 years), and 20 (mean age, 35.1.1 years) to cystectomy. Mean 12-month percentage decline in AMH (primary outcome) was smaller for CDS than cystectomy (14.9% vs 39.8%, P=.02). No complications occurred after CDS; one complication occurred after cystectomy. Hospital length of study was significantly shorter after CDS (2.3±0.5 days) than cystectomy (4.2±0.7 days) (P<.001). From baseline to 12 months, ultrasound-based cyst size significantly decreased for CDS (5.8±1.5 to 0.6±0.7 cm; P<.001) and cystectomy (5.3±1.4 to 0.0±0.0 cm; P<.001); mean AMH was not significantly different for CDS (3.1±2.2 to 2.7±1.7 ng/mL; P=.08) but decreased significantly for cystectomy (3.3±3.0 to 2.0±1.8 ng/mL; P<.001); mean CA-125 decreased significantly for CDS (69.2±61.7 to 17.3±14.2 U/mL; P<.001) and cystectomy (54.6±35.8 to 14.8±8.2 U/mL; P<.001); and mean EHP-30 score decreased significantly for CDS (31.3±12.8 to 6.3±6.9; P<.001) and cystectomy (34.5±18.0 to 8.1±4.3; P<.001). CA-125 and EHP-30 score were not significantly different between groups at 12 months (P>.05). No 12-month recurrence occurred in either group. Conclusion: CDS was associated with better preservation of ovarian reserve versus cystectomy, without significant difference for therapeutic efficacy measures. Clinical Impact: These results advance the level of evidence supporting CDS as an ovary-sparing cystectomy alternative for appropriately selected patients.

The aspect ratio of Au nanorods can be precisely engineered using near-infrared nanosecond-pulsed laser irradiation, which enables ultrafast, confined energy deposition inaccessible under continuous-wave irradiation. In this study, we demonstrate a novel method for reshaping Au nanorods encapsulated within thin (<10 nm) silica shells. By leveraging the silica shell as a rigid nanocrucible, nanosecond laser irradiation induces rapid, end-selective shortening of the Au nanorod core, creating terminal cavities of a controllable size. Transmission electron microscopy confirms that while hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated Au nanorods convert into spherical and ϕ-shaped nanoparticles, the silica shell constrains the laser induced reshaping process, preserving the rod-like morphology while systematically reducing the aspect ratio. Consequently, the distinct longitudinal and transverse plasmon resonances are retained post-irradiation. The reshaping can be precisely controlled by adjusting laser fluence, resulting in a fine-tuned aspect ratio and a significantly narrowed longitudinal resonance, an outcome typically associated with femtosecond laser systems. 4D Scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals that the Au nanorods transform from single crystal to polycrystalline structures upon irradiation, providing direct evidence that nanosecond pulsed irradiation induces complete Au core melting and rapid recrystallization within the shell - with multiple nucleation sites. Despite the polycrystalline structure the resonance peak was narrower than that of the starting nanorod. This method for fabricating Au nanorods with integrated cavities within the offers significant potential for applications in triggered drug delivery, biosensing, and photoacoustic imaging.

Breast cancer is a critical health issue that requires early diagnosis in order to enhance clinical outcomes. This research paper is a proposal of a detailed machine learning system to the classification of breast tumors based on the morphological characteristics of the fine-needle aspiration photos. The workflow combines exploratory data analysis, feature standardization, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the relative comparison of seven kinds of supervised classifiers, including Logistic Regression, SVM, KNN, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting and XGBoost. Exploratory data mining showed that there are strong correlations between geometric features and there are evident distributional differences between benign and malignant tumors. PCA affirmed that the attributes that prevail in the structure of variances are tumor size and concavity-related attributes. The comparative results showed that the model performance was always very high and the best results were obtained by the boosting-based ensemble methods in the accuracy, ROC-AUC and Precision-Recall results. The importance of features analysis revealed consistent key morphological predictors in models. The results show that linear models have a competitiveness, but ensemble models have better robustness and reliability in the classification of breast cancer.

Abstract We investigate the interplay between quantum thermodynamics, quantum correlations, and quantum coherence within the framework of the Unruh–DeWitt (UdW) detector model. By analyzing both the steady and dynamical states of various quantum resources-including steerability, entanglement, quantum discord, and coherence-we study how these resources evolve under Markovian and non-Markovian environments. Furthermore, the hierarchical structure relating quantum correlations and quantum coherence is established. We also examine the thermodynamic performance of a quantum heat engine, highlighting the influence of memory effects and classical correlations on heat exchange, work extraction, and efficiency.

The paper explores analytical solutions to the coupled Konno-Oono and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (modified) extended wave (KP-MEW) equations in (2 +1)-dimensions, which have applications in the study of nonlinear wave propagation in shallow water, plasma, and optical systems. The method (Riccati Modified Extended Simple Equation Method) was applied to provide us with a wide range of exact traveling wave solutions as hyperbolic, trigonometric, exponential, and rational. The solutions obtained are highly nonlinear, including soliton pulses, periodic waves, kink-like structures and blow-up modes, which give an understanding of the interaction of waves and their stability. It is important to note that the rational-type solutions are a new category that has never been mentioned in other studies. The authors generalize the previous studies by providing a coherent structure in building different families of solutions, which reveal the usefulness and flexibility of the suggested approach in investigating the nonlinear wave dynamics in higher dimensions.

The Woman King is a compelling historical film that explores the intersections of gender, power and mobility in nineteenth-century Dahomey. The Agojie warriors defy traditional gender roles by assuming military and political positions; however, their political mobility comes at the cost of social immobility. Unlike their male counterparts, these women must relinquish marriage, motherhood and personal autonomy to gain influence. Applying the concept of borderscapes, this study examines how the film constructs a dynamic space where gender and power are continuously negotiated. Generals Nanisca and Nawi navigate this liminal space, ultimately challenging patriarchal structures and advocating for a vision of leadership that integrates both masculine and feminine attributes. By framing The Woman King as a cinematic borderscape, this study argues that women’s political agency emerges not only through resistance but also through strategic negotiation within established power structures. The film suggests that true transformation of gender hierarchies, economic systems and political power occurs when women’s leadership is fully recognized. Only when women embrace their feminine attributes do they succeed in crossing political borders into the male-dominated sphere, transforming it into an egalitarian space. Ultimately, the film reimagines historical narratives, positioning Black women as central figures in reshaping political and social landscapes.

Effective management of radioactive wastewater relies on advanced adsorbents capable of maintaining high selectivity in complex environments. A hierarchical SiO2–TiO2@C composite was synthesized through a microemulsion method by using Pluronic P-123. Comprehensive characterization, including SEM, HR-TEM, EDX, XRD, BET, and XPS, confirmed its ordered hexagonal mesostructure. The SiO2–TiO2@C composite exhibited a high surface area of 378 m2/g and uniform pores measuring 11.9 nm. It demonstrated high adsorption capacities of 50.2 mg/g for Cs(I) and 68 mg/g for Sr(II). The material showed good selectivity, achieving approximately 89.4 and 93.7% removal for Cs(I) and Sr(II), respectively, and retained 77.5 and 82.0% efficiency in real seawater. It also displayed excellent regenerability, maintaining about 75.5% of its capacity for Cs(I) and 84.1% for Sr(II) after nine cycles, which underscores its strong potential for practical wastewater treatment applications. The adsorption proceeds via ion exchange and surface complexation with hydroxyl groups. The carbon phase enhances the surface acidity and site availability. For Sr(II), complexation with hydrolyzed SrOH+ species is particularly effective, while Cs(I) uptake occurs primarily through ion exchange at acidic sites and selective pore entrapment.