University of Carabobo

This doctoral article presents an interdisciplinary framework for analyzing fair value and financial transparency, integrating economic and social perspectives. From an economic standpoint, it explores how fair value and inflation adjustments are crucial for financial information in challenging contexts like hyperinflation and dollarization in Venezuela. It acknowledges their essential nature for a true and fair view, despite subjectivity, lack of active markets, and informal indices that compromise their reliability. Socially, the study addresses the cultural influence on financial transparency, highlighting how culture, collective values, and institutional and political factors are fundamental. It concludes that transparency is a deeply rooted social construct, whose effective promotion requires cultivating a culture of openness and ethics, extending beyond legal and technological aspects. The methodology employed was an exploratory and descriptive analysis, based on a systematic literature review. Transparency was examined from its ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions. The integration of these visions aims to understand the interaction between accounting systems and sociocultural factors in shaping transparency and the relevance of financial information.

Basal cell carcinoma was first described by Jacob in 1827 as a very slow-growing ulcer on the face, with peculiar edges reminiscent of a rat bite, which is why it was called “Ulcus Rodens” and over time it has received various denominations. Basal cell carcinomas: are defined as malignant epithelial tumors located in the skin, arising from pluripotent cells in the basal area of the epidermis and the external root sheath of the hair at the level of the lower isthmus and pons. They are slow growing, rarely produce metastases, have local destructive capacity, and compromise extensive areas of tissue, cartilage and even bone. They develop in photo-exposed areas of individuals with a light phototype, between the third and sixth decade of life. Treatment for patients with basal cell carcinoma includes: surgical and non-surgical options, among surgical options, excision is the standard therapy, considered effective since it has cure rates of 9 to 95% at 5 years; which is why it was the treatment chosen for our case with subsequent reconstruction of the surgical defect. For surgical reconstruction, several types of flaps can be proposed, including the bilobed flap, which is a double transposition flap that shares a single base.

Background/Objectives: Cerebrospinal fluid erythrocyte load (CTRED) reflects occult red-blood-cell ingress into brain/CSF and consequent heme–iron exposure, a toxic pathway relevant to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to develop explainable machine learning (ML) models that classify high vs. low CTRED from routine, largely non-invasive inputs, and to position a blood-first workflow leveraging contemporary plasma amyloid–tau biomarkers. Methods: Twenty-six ADNI participants were analyzed. Inputs were age, sex, mean arterial pressure (MAPres), amyloid (Aβ42), total tau, phosphorylated tau, and hippocampal atrophy rate (APC) derived from longitudinal MRI. APC was computed from normalized hippocampal volumes. CTRED was binarized at the median (0 vs. >0). Data were split into train (n = 20) and held-out test (n = 6). Five classifiers (linear SVM, ridge, logistic regression, random forests, and MLP) were trained in leakage-safe pipelines with stratified five-fold cross-validation. To provide a comprehensive assessment, we presented the contribution AUC, thresholded performance metrics, summarized model performance, and the permutation feature importance (PFI). Results: On the test set, SVM, ridge, logistic regression, and random forests achieved AUC = 1.00, while the MLP achieved AUC = 0.833. Across models, PFI consistently prioritized p-tau/tau, Aβ42, and MAPres; age, sex, and APC contributed secondarily. The attribution profile aligns with mechanisms linking BBB dysfunction and amyloid-related microvascular fragility with tissue vulnerability to heme–iron. Conclusions: In this proof-of-concept study, explainable ML predicted CTRED from routine variables with biologically coherent drivers. Although ADNI measurements were CSF-based and the sample was small, the framework is non-invasive by adding plasma p-tau217/Aβ1–42 for amyloid, tau inputs, and integrating demographics, hemodynamic context, and MRI. External, plasma-based validation in larger cohorts is warranted, alongside extension to MCI and multimodal correlation (QSM, DCE-MRI) to establish clinically actionable CTRED thresholds.

This review critically examines the latest research on the intersection of sickle cell disease (SCD) and COVID-19, highlighting meaningful immunopathological interactions. It reveals significant knowledge gaps, particularly in the analysis of inflammatory markers in clinical studies and the oversight of SCD in malaria-COVID-19 research conducted in African contexts. The investigation explores shared pathophysiological mechanisms, including the cytokine storm phenomenon, vascular complications, and autoimmune responses, which exemplify the perilous interplay between SCD’s chronic inflammatory state and the acute inflammatory response triggered by COVID-19. Furthermore, it provides a comprehensive analysis of hyperhaemolysis syndrome (HHS), related autoimmune conditions, and avascular necrosis (AVN) as critical complications affecting SCD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to establish a comprehensive framework for understanding this crucial intersection while proposing vital directions for future research and therapeutic interventions.

Nodular prurigo (NP) is a chronic pruritic disorder of unknown origin, characterized by the formation of firm, hyperkeratotic papules and nodules with excoriations. It occurs with higher incidence between 20 and 60 years of age. Its pathophysiology remains unknown, however recent studies point to a neurocutaneous component. Among the systemic causes that trigger chronic nodular prurigo, several entities stand out, among them some bacterial and hematological infections. We present the case of a patient with NP treated in our department where therapeutic management with topical and systemic corticosteroids for pruritus control and phototherapy with UVB light was performed.

Major Outpatient Surgery (MAS) is a set of surgical, therapeutic, diagnostic procedures, as well as anesthetic techniques (local, locoregional, with or without sedation) that requires shorter postoperative care, which represents one of the most timely, economical and satisfactory changes for surgery. The objective: was to evaluate a major outpatient surgery protocol in patients with scheduled open cholecystectomies in the general surgery service of the Central Hospital of Maracay in the period from January to August 2024. Materials and methods: were a descriptive, observational, prospective, and longitudinal clinical-epidemiological study. The population consisted of 65 patients diagnosed with gallstones, with a sample of 37 selected. Statistical descriptions were performed, constructing 95% confidence intervals for the variables. Results: The average age was 47.78 years. The majority of patients were women. The absence of underlying medical history was evident. Of the 37 patients, 30 had satisfactory resolution of the pathology, without requiring readmissions, reoperations, or complications. Only 7 of the individuals presented minor complications, with effective resolution. The quality indicators for major outpatient surgery confirmed the effectiveness that the protocol can provide. Conclusion: Major outpatient surgery is an innovative alternative that optimizes surgical care by allowing patients to return home the same day of the intervention, in addition to demonstrating a low rate of postoperative complications, giving satisfactory results in a short period of time, which is why its implementation is recommended.

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el uso de TIC como herramienta de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de Postgrado de Obstetricia y Ginecología de la ciudad Hospitalaria Enrique Tejera. Bajo un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental de campo. La población estuvo conformada por 42 residentes estudiantes de Postgrado. La muestra fue de tipo censal. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó la encuesta y como instrumento se elaboró un cuestionario con catorce (14) preguntas dicotómicas. Validado por expertos y para su confiabilidad se usó el Coeficiente de Kuder- Richardson. Teniendo como resultado 0,73. La información fue analizada a través de la estadística descriptiva generando como conclusiones que, las TIC como estrategia de aprendizaje en estudiantes de postgrado de Obstetricia y Ginecología en la CHET, son ampliamente utilizadas para acceder a materiales de estudio, participar en cursos y Webinar, además colaborar en comunidades académicas, mejorando la interacción entre estudiantes y profesores, favoreciendo el aprendizaje colaborativo. Sin embargo, persisten retos en cuanto al acceso y habilidades tecnológicas, subrayando la necesidad de mejorar las competencias digitales.