University of Magdalena

Abstract Tripneustes ventricosus (Lamarck 1816) is one of the largest and most commercially valuable sea urchins in the Caribbean. This study examined the effects of key water quality parameters on the energetic physiology of adult individuals under controlled conditions to establish the basis for their reproductive conditioning and culture. Three 30-day experiments independently assess the effects of temperature (24, 27, 30 °C), oxygen saturation (55 and 70%), and ammonia concentration (20, 30, 50 µg NH 3 -N L −1 ). Energetic physiological responses were measured in terms of ingestion rate (IR), absorption efficiency (AE), absorption rate (AR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ammonium excretion rate (UR), scope for growth (SFG), gross ( K 1 ) and net ( K 2 ) somatic growth efficiencies, feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), RNA/DNA ratio, body compartment indices (BCI), and tissue biochemical composition. Increasing temperature had no effect on energy acquisition, but at 30 °C, metabolic expenditures increased (higher OCR and UR) while SFG, K 1 , K 2 , and carbohydrate reserves declined. Moderate hypoxia (55% saturation) increased OCR and UR and decreased IR, AR, SFG, K 1 , K 2 , and SGR. Elevated ammonia concentrations (≥ 30 µg NH 3 -N L −1 ) reduced IR, AR, OCR, and SFG, and increased UR. AE and most growth and storage-related variables were not significantly affected by any of the tested variables. Together, these results identify SFG, K 1 , and K 2 as highly sensitive indicators of short-term changes in water quality and clarify how different stressors independently alter energetic balance. Optimal physiological performance occurred at 24–27 °C, ≥ 70% oxygen saturation, and ≤ 20 µg NH 3 -N L −1 ammonia. The findings outline optimal conditions for T. ventricosus aquaculture. These findings define environmental thresholds relevant for husbandry and support the refinement of aquaculture practices for T. ventricosus .

Several predatory mite species of Phytoseiidae have been used worldwide in biological control of small arthropod pests, but their diversity and economic potential in natural environments are still poorly understood due to limited sampling efforts. The objective of this work was to estimate the diversity and the intraspecific morphological variation of phytoseiids in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest of the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil, including an evaluation of allometry, in what refer to the relationship between length of dorsal setae and dorsal shield length of species collected. Sixteen species were identified from leaf samples of seven plant species collected between August 2022 and April 2023 in the Dois Irmãos State Park, nine of which are reported for the first time in the state. Phytoseius bennetti De Leon is reported for the first time in Brazil. A description of the male of this species, as well as a complementary description of Metaseiulus (M.) adjacentis (De Leon) is presented. Also, the relationship between dorsal setal length and shield length in specimens collected both in the present study and in previous works was investigate. It was observed that variations in setal lengths are related to mite body sizes (as inferred from dorsal shield lengths) on the species Amblyseius operculatus De Leon, Euseius alatus De Leon, E. mesembrinus (Dean), Galendromimus (G.) multipoculi Zacarias, Moraes & McMurtry, Galendromus (G.) annectens (De Leon), Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma, Leonseius elbanhawyi Carvalho, Ferragut & Oliveira, Metaseiulus (M.) ferlai Moraes, McMurtry & Lopes, Phytoseius bennetti De Leon, P. litoralis Silva, Rocha & Ferla, P. intermedius Evans & MacFarlane, Typhlodromalus aripo De Leon and T. peregrinus (Muma).

The conservation status of the Colombian Caribbean dune system was assessed considering the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The study took place in five locations with a gradient of human disturbance. In total, 198 plots and 22 transects were established, three transects in Gairaca and Costa Verde; four in Lipe, and six in Mendihuaca and Salguero. Environmental variables such as dune height, slope, sediment physical-chemical attributes, and anthropogenic impact were assessed in each site, while species composition, frequency, and plant cover were determined for each plot. The results show a correlation between natural and anthropogenic factors and the composition and structure of plant communities growing on the beach and coastal dunes. Human disturbances (urbanized areas, construction, burning, debris, trampling, logging, tourism, groins, sewage, roads, garbage, and sediment extraction) were particularly relevant. Plant cover and species diversity were inversely related to human impact and disturbance. Furthermore, community structure varied among sites: trees and vines were more frequent in the preserved locations, while shrubs and parasitic plants were more abundant in the disturbed sites. Management alternatives should consider the environmental factors (natural and anthropogenic) affecting vegetation to improve the conservation of plant diversity on coastal dunes along the Colombian Caribbean coast.

The purpose of this study is to map and analyze the evolution of scientific knowledge on the relationship between innovation hubs and culture, with particular emphasis on their role as sociocultural systems within innovation ecosystems. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, using Scopus as the primary data source. From an initial corpus of 391 records, a rigorous screening and eligibility process resulted in a final sample of 64 peer-reviewed journal articles. These documents were examined through bibliometric techniques, including performance analysis, keyword co occurrence networks, and thematic mapping, supported by VOSviewer and Bibliometrix R. The findings reveal a recent consolidation of the field, with more than seventy percent of the publications concentrated between 2019 and 2025, alongside a pronounced geographical asymmetry in knowledge production dominated by the United States, China, and the United Kingdom. Beyond publication trends, the analysis identifies the progressive articulation of four core cultural forms: innovation culture, organizational culture, entrepreneurial culture, and creative culture that mediate collaboration, learning, and technological transformation within innovation hubs. The thematic map positions innovation culture and innovation ecosystems as motor themes, while creativity and cultural industries emerge as less developed but potentially relevant research lines. Despite the growing theoretical maturity of the field, significant empirical and conceptual gaps persist. These include the limited integration of multiple cultural forms within a single analytical framework and the underrepresentation of Latin American and Global South contexts. The study concludes that understanding innovation hubs solely as technical or infrastructural arrangements is insufficient. Their effectiveness depends on the cultural configurations that legitimize experimentation, cooperation, and public purpose. This research contributes an integrative perspective that repositions culture as a structuring principle of innovation ecosystems, and provides insights for future comparative research and culturally sensitive innovation policy design.

Abstract We show that, under specific conditions, a lighter object can reach a higher terminal velocity than a heavier one when falling through a highly dense and viscous fluid. This counterintuitive result, obtained within the regime where Stokes' law applies, challenges the common assumption that heavier objects fall faster. While it is well known that compact objects fall at similar rates in air regardless of mass, and that heavier objects typically fall faster when lighter ones are more extended, the behavior in denser and more viscous media has been less explored. We analyze spheres with different densities and radii falling in such a medium, considering gravitational, buoyant, and drag forces, and assuming no interaction between them. Depending on the radius ratio, the denser sphere may reach a higher terminal velocity and touch the ground first-whether it is heavier, lighter, or equal in weight to the other. Interestingly, when the less dense sphere has the higher terminal velocity, it is always the heavier one; however, whether it lands first also depends on the initial height. These findings provide new insights into low-Reynolds-number dynamics, with potential applications in education, experimental design, and engineering.

Problem statement : In Colombia, the Integrated Planning and Management Model (MIPG) establishes quality attributes to evaluate the Knowledge and Innovation Management (KIM) dimension in public entities. However, it is not clear how current official instruments incorporate these attributes. Objective: To examine the alignment between official KIM performance indices in the entities of the Capital District of Bogotá and the quality attributes established for this dimension in MIPG-version 5. Methodology: Through qualitative analysis, the structure of the Institutional Performance Index (IPI) 2024 and the Public Innovation Index (PII) 2023 are evaluated to determine their correspondence with the quality attributes. Results: The analysis revealed partial incorporation of the attributes, with some elements represented but omitting fundamental aspects such as the incorporation of strategic institutional decisions into available information systems. Conclusion: These indices constitute the official instruments to measure and compare management in the entities of the Capital District of Bogotá in this dimension. Therefore, KIM leaders must understand their scope to identify critical aspects not covered and establish appropriate action plans to consolidate KIM within the entities.

Se presenta el primer caso teratológico de Nesomyrmex asper, caracterizado por una anomalía asimétrica manifestada en la ausencia de la pata media izquierda y un crecimiento desproporcionado de la mesopleura. Además, se proporciona una descripción del individuo teratológico y se discute la variación morfológica a través de un análisis comparativo entre una obrera de desarrollo normal y el caso teratológico aquí reportado. Este constituye el primer caso documentado de teratología en el género Nesomyrmex para Colombia y amplía el rango conocido de variación morfológica dentro de N. asper.

El neuroliderazgo se posiciona como un campo emergente que integra la neurociencia con los modelos contemporáneos de liderazgo, con el propósito de comprender cómo los procesos cerebrales influyen en la toma de decisiones, la motivación, la regulación emocional, la creatividad y las dinámicas relacionales dentro de las organizaciones. En las últimas dos décadas, esta disciplina ha cobrado relevancia en escenarios académicos y empresariales debido a su potencial para transformar las prácticas tradicionales de gestión y orientar la innovación organizacional desde una perspectiva más humana, científica y efectiva. Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica ampliada sobre el neuroliderazgo, analizando sus fundamentos conceptuales, su alcance en la innovación organizacional y sus aportes para la transformación cultural en contextos laborales dinámicos. La metodología adoptada consistió en la compilación, clasificación y análisis crítico de literatura científica disponible en bases de datos especializadas, lo que permitió identificar tendencias, vacíos y oportunidades para futuras líneas de investigación. Los resultados muestran que el neuroliderazgo contribuye a mejorar la toma de decisiones, la comunicación interpersonal, la gestión emocional, la creatividad y el bienestar laboral. Asimismo, se discute su papel para promover culturas organizacionales adaptativas, empáticas y resilientes. Se concluye que el neuroliderazgo constituye un paradigma innovador con potencial para fortalecer la competitividad y sostenibilidad de las organizaciones en entornos VUCA, aunque requiere mayor consolidación teórica y empírica.