University of Nursing Mandalay

ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the prevalence of sexual violence among university students (identification of sexual violence behaviors, self-recognition as victims and perpetrators) and its relationship with alcohol consumption and other associated factors.MethodsDescriptive cross-sectional multicenter study of students from six public universities in Catalonia, north-eastern Spain. Sexual violence has been categorized into three levels of severity, ranging from least to most severe.Results2,803 students participated (72.5% women). Regarding sexual violence victimization, 79% of respondents had experienced level 1, 59.8% level 2, and 7.5% level 3. Concerning perpetration, 15.6% had perpetrated level 1, 2.5% level 2 and 0.3% level 3. Sexual violence identification was high, with females identifying more situations than males (p < 0.001). 39.6% of students had felt pressured to drink alcohol and 65% had experienced alcohol-related blackouts in the previous year. Men consumed more alcohol than women (p < 0.001). Sexual violence perpetration was associated with males, students in 4th to 6th grade, pressure to consume alcohol, alcohol-related blackouts and alcohol consumption. Sexual violence victimization was associated with females, pressure to consume alcohol, alcohol-related blackouts and alcohol consumption.ConclusionThis study identifies a high prevalence of sexual violence among university students, consistent with international findings and signaling a concerning trend. The results also show a strong link between sexual violence and alcohol consumption in university leisure contexts. Existing evidence indicates that alcohol facilitates rather than causes sexual violence, creating circumstances in which sexual victimization becomes more likely. The study highlights the need for prevention strategies and educational programs addressing sexual violence and reducing its associated risk factors among university students.

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of a digital diabetes clinic continuous support program on metabolic, psychological, and social outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes who were recently initiated on insulin therapy. The study included 67 participants, with 35 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group. Data were collected at baseline, and at the third and sixth months using various instruments, including the Diabetes Individual Diagnosis Form, Hypoglycemic Confidence Scale (HCS), Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS), Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form (DES-SF), Psychological Insulin Resistance Scale (PIRS), Insulin Treatment Assessment Scale (ITAS), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for stress. The intervention group received digital education, counseling, continuous follow-up, and a structured daily self-management program over a 3-month period. 99% CIs were calculated for key outcome measures to support the interpretation and robustness of the results. The findings revealed significant improvements in the intervention group, including reductions in the frequency of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, emergency admissions, HbA1c, and lipid levels (P <.001). Furthermore, hypoglycemia fear and psychological insulin resistance decreased, while hypoglycemic confidence, diabetes empowerment, perceived social support, and stress levels significantly improved (P <.001). These results demonstrate that digital support programs delivered through a digital diabetes clinic can enhance treatment adherence, reduce anxiety, and improve self-management in individuals newly started on insulin, highlighting the effectiveness of telehealth in diabetes care. Newly initiated on insulin therapy, underscoring the potential of telehealth in diabetes care.

Community-based agrotourism is increasingly recognized as a driver of local empowerment, yet its social sustainability dimensions remain underexplored in Southeast Asia. This study evaluates social sustainability at an organic vegetable-picking tourism site in Malang City using eleven indicators derived from the literature: availability, accessibility, connectivity, density, diversity, legibility, safety, versatility, participation, social actions, and equity. Field observations and semi-structured interviews with managers, community members, and visitors revealed strong performance in local participation, diversity of activities, and educational value creation. However, challenges remain in public transport accessibility, digital wayfinding, formalizing collaborations with nearby businesses, and managing peak-period congestion. This study contributes to the literature by operationalizing a multidimensional framework for social sustainability in a peri-urban agrotourism setting and offers practical recommendations to strengthen inclusivity, visitor flow management, and community linkages. The findings demonstrate how such initiatives can advance SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by integrating tourism development with local social objectives.

Background: The 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa exposed critical weaknesses in the primary health care (PHC) systems of affected countries, including Sierra Leone. In the aftermath, efforts have been made to rebuild and strengthen PHC structures. This study aimed to assess the level of community readiness and identify systemic gaps in PHC delivery across selected districts in Sierra Leone. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was employed, collecting data from 380 community members across five districts using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were conducted to evaluate levels of community awareness, trust, participation, and systemic health service factors such as workforce availability and drug supply. Results: Findings revealed a high level of community awareness (M = 4.18, SD = 0.76) and moderate trust in local health authorities (M = 3.68, SD = 0.91), indicating improved public engagement with PHC systems post-Ebola. However, community involvement in decision-making and feedback mechanisms remained limited. Significant systemic challenges were identified, including inadequate trained personnel (M = 3.22), inconsistent drug supply (M = 2.91), and underdeveloped referral and medical equipment systems. Regression analysis showed that availability of trained health personnel (β = 0.241, p = 0.001) and consistent drug supply (β = 0.198, p = 0.012) significantly predicted community readiness. Conclusion: While community engagement in Sierra Leone's PHC system has improved, significant systemic barriers continue to undermine its effectiveness. The interdependence between community readiness and institutional capacity underscores the need for a dual strategy: enhancing health system infrastructure and fostering participatory governance. Targeted investments in workforce development, supply chains, and inclusive health planning are essential to achieving resilient, people-centered PHC. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders committed to advancing universal health coverage in post-crisis contexts. Keywords: Primary health care, community readiness, Ebola aftermath, Sierra Leone, health system resilience, public participation, health workforce, supply chain.

Using Burris and Owens' (2024) values-based framework, nursing faculty at a Christian university evaluated curriculum and organizational core values (I-CARE values) to identify how the values were incorporated in nursing program course assignments. The university's I-CARE values are considered a means to develop professionalism in nursing students. The evaluation identified gaps in implementation of the organizational core I-CARE values in assignments at the baccalaureate and graduate levels. Resulting implications for nurse educators provide insights that can be applied to other nursing courses and programs. Applicable Scripture and ethical considerations are discussed.

Meningitis is a serious condition that affects the central nervous system, Nurses play an active role in the control and management of meningitis . This study aimed to assess nurses’ performance regarding to care of patients with meningitis Research Design: Descriptive exploratory design was be utilized in this study. Settings: The proposed study has been conducted in Helwan Fever Hospital. Sample: convenience sample of all available (60) nurse worked at meningitiswords andintensive care unit at Helwan fever ospital. Tools: Tool (1): Self structured questionnaire include. Part I: Nurses demographic characteristics data. Part II: Nurses knowledge assessment questionnaire. Tool (II): observational check list regarding lumber puncture. Results: The study finding revealed that as regards nurse’s knowledge about care of patients with meningitis, 75% of the studied nurses had a satisfactory level of total knowledge, while 25% of them had an unsatisfactory level of total knowledge, 28.3% of the studied nurses had adequate level of observational check list regarding lumber puncture, while71.7% of them had in-adequate level of observational check list regarding lumber puncture Conclusion: In light of the current study, it can be concluded that, three quarters of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of total knowledge regarding care of patients with meningitis, while only one-quarter of them had satisfactory level. Recommendations: Global educational standards should be applied to develop the nurses' skills by giving chance to nurses to participate with training sessions in developed country to improve nursing skills and receiving updates concerning care.

In the 21^st century the use of computers increased tremendously. Computer plays a valuable role in increasing the efficiency and accuracy of several works. But excessive use of computers has brought several risks, especially eye diseases. Children are not exception to the context. They have the nature of adopting the things what they see. Therefore kids show equal interest in TV and computers. Hence in the present scenario children are equally being affected with computer vision syndrome. Education is a strong building block in building a stronger and healthier community. The importance of school education lies in the fact that the children of today will become adult citizens of tomorrow. <strong>Aim:</strong> The overall aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of educational pamphlet on computer vision syndrome among higher primary school children. <strong>Method:</strong> One group pre-test post-test design was adopted in the present study to accomplish the objectives. The researcher herself developed the self-structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge of the higher primary school children on computer vision syndrome followed by educational pamphlet. The reliability of the tool was tested using Split-half method. The tool was found reliable (r=0.857; p&lt;0.05). Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 120 higher primary school children from urban area. <strong>Results:</strong> The findings of the study revealed that majority (55%) of the higher primary school children gained moderately adequate knowledge and 33% of the higher primary school children gained adequate knowledge regarding computer vision syndrome.The post-test knowledge score (14.24± 5.19) was higher than the pre-test knowledge score (6.68±3.35). Paired ‘t’ test was used to find the effectiveness educational pamphlet on CVS. The calculated ‘t’ value in knowledge (10.13, p&lt;0.05) was greater than the table value (t₁₂₀=1.98) at 0.05 level of significance. This showed that the gain in knowledge was significant after administering educational pamphlet Association between pre-test knowledge score with demographic variables revealed that there was significant association between the pre-existing knowledge scores with the selected demographic variables on computer vision syndrome. <strong>Interpretation and conclusion: </strong>The present study revealed that the higher primary school children lacked knowledge on computer vision syndrome and the overall findings of the study proved that there was highly significant increase in the knowledge of higher primary school children on CVS following the administration of the educational pamphlet. Therefore, it was concluded that the educational pamphlet on CVS was highly effective in improving the knowledge of higher primary school children on computer vision syndrome.