University of Wah

Intracranial meningiomas are vascular tumors often causing significant intraoperative blood loss. Preoperative embolization (POE) aims to reduce vascularity and improve outcomes, though its efficacy is debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the impact of POE on operative and postoperative outcomes in intracranial meningioma surgery. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, a literature search from 2017 to 2025 identified 13 English-language, non-randomized studies comparing POE to no embolization. Outcomes included intraoperative blood loss, operative time, extent of resection, complications, and tumor recurrence. Due to heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was performed where possible, supplemented by a narrative synthesis. Risk of bias assessment was performed. Meta-analysis revealed that POE significantly reduced complications (odds ratio [OR] 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.88) and increased the likelihood of achieving gross total resection (GTR) (pooled OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.46-0.80). In contrast, findings on intraoperative blood loss and operative time were highly inconsistent with extreme heterogeneity. Tumor recurrence data were extremely limited, reported in only on study, precluding synthesis on long-term outcomes. Significant methodological variability was identified. POE consistently improves the likelihood of achieving GTR in intracranial meningiomas. However, its benefits in reducing intraoperative blood loss and operative time remain inconsistent. Neurosurgeons should consider POE when maximal resection is the primary surgical goal, especially for highly vascular tumors. Future research requires robust designs, such as matched-cohort studies or randomized controlled trials, to definitively establish its precise role.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of acute renal failure in term neonates presenting with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.Methodology: This cross-sectional study conducted at PAF Hospital Mushaf Sargodha from 01-01-2025 to 31-06-2025. During study period 159 full term neonates of both gender having APGAR score <7 at 5 minutes after birth were recruit-ed. A written informed consent was taken from parents of every patient. All grades of birth asphyxia were included. Se-rum creatinine was acquired after 72 hours of birth and acute renal failure was diagnosed if it was ≥1.5mg/dl.Results: The mean gestational age of the neonates was 39.54±1.83 weeks. 85 (53.5%). The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Majority (n=110,69.2%) of the neonates were delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) while 49 (30.8%) were delivered by C-section. The mean weight of the neonates was 2.62±0.52 kg. 50 (31.5%) neonates had mild, 90 (56.6%) neonates had moderate and 19 (11.9%) neonates had severe birth asphyxia. Mean blood urea level was 29.6±5.8 mg/dl while mean serum creatinine level was 1.77±0.53 mg/dl. Acute renal failure was observed in 101 (63.5%) neonates. The frequency of ARF increased significantly with increasing severity of birth asphyxia, mild vs mod-erate vs severe (20% vs 76.7% vs 100%; p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference across gestational age, gender, mode of delivery and birth weight.Conclusion: A significant percentage of asphyxiated newborns experienced acute renal failure, which was linked to the severity of birth asphyxia. This calls for routine monitoring of asphyxiated neonates in order to promptly detect and treat this problem in future practice to improve the result. Keywords: Birth Asphyxia, Sarnat Grading, Acute Renal failure.

Nanomaterials are considered as pioneering and indispensable in the discipline of biological technology for wide range of implementations in biotechnology, pharmaceutical industries, and biomedical fields. Metallic nanoparticles are worthy biological contenders with fascinating physiochemical properties. Among these, the platinum nanoparticles are explored as more valuable due to their unique features. Different strategies are employed to synthesize platinum nanoparticles including chemical, physical, and biological methods. Biological methods are deliberated as the best methods to fabricate Pt nanoparticles as these are convenient, economical, and environment friendly. This review provides an insightful discussion on the properties, harmful impacts, and biomedical applications of platinum nanoparticles that are strongly reliant on their size, elemental composition, morphology, and structure which is controlled by the fabrication technique used. The cytotoxic behavior of platinum nanoparticles is influenced by the size, surface functionalization, and dose quantity which make the ejection of platinum ions within cells more markedly. They possess diverse applications in multiple fields such as nanomedication, nanodiagnostics, bioimaging, and drug delivery carriers owing to their inimitable physiochemical properties. PtNPs have crucial part to radiotherapy, because of their capabilities to persuade cell injury in discriminating part, subsequent to radioactivity contact and have potential to combat tumors. Interestingly, numerous intelligences reveal the advanced capabilities of PtNPs in contrast to other nanozymes such as wound healing, tissue regeneration, and the treatment of some biological ailments related to oxidative stress. In the future, there will be immense variety of applications of platinum nanoparticles in nanomedicine field.

Objective: To assess the rabbit tibia and to evaluate the female New Zealand White rabbit as an animal model for bone tissue engineering.Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, and the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan. The study duration was from August 2021 to January 2023.Methods: Twenty New Zealand White rabbits, divided into four groups (5 rabbits in each group), were used and weighed before surgery. After Anesthesia, critical-sized bone defects were created in the right tibiae of each rabbit. Group A was used as control while the rest were filled with the Silicon substituted hydroxyapatite (Si-HA) alone (Group B), Si-HA and Lipoaspirate derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) (Group C), Si-HA and SVF (modified) (Group D). All the rabbits were weighed again before being euthanized after 6 weeks. After dissecting the tibiae, the length and gross features of each tibia were noted.Results: After six weeks, an increase in body weight was observed in rabbits of all groups. The maximum increase in weight was 600g observed in rabbit number 3 of Group B, while the minimum was 100g in rabbit number 1 of Group D. Statistically, Group A had the highest average weight gain, but the differences between groups were not statistically significant. After dissection, all tibiae showed normal gross morphological features with the same pattern in length and differences existing within the normal anatomic range. The maximum length of the tibia was 10.5cm, the minimum length was 9.3cm, and the mean length was recorded as 9.9cm.Conclusion: Standard laboratory diet seems to increase the weight of rabbits in captivity with a reciprocalincrease in the dose of anaesthesia as per recommendation. How to cite this: Khan MM, Butt SA, Hamid S, Kiani RB, Mahmood M, Anjum K. Laboratory-Based Anatomical Assessment of the Rabbit Tibia and Evaluation of the Female New Zealand White Rabbit as A Model for Bone Substitute Testing. Life and Science. 2026; 7(1): 46-53. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.691

Some classes of general nonlinear equations, which can be viewed as a novel, important special case of nonlinear equations, are introduced and investigated. Using various techniques and dynamical systems coupled with a finite difference approach, we suggest and analyze a number of new iterative methods s for solving absolute value nonlinear equations. Convergence analysis of these methods is investigated under suitable conditions. One can obtain a number of new classes of general nonlinear equations by interchanging the roles of operators. Various special cases are discussed as applications of the main results. Several open problems are suggested for future research.

Abstract Copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and sulfur (S) are important nutrients for plant health and are not absorbed by the plants effectively from the corresponding salts. Copper sulfide (CuS) and manganese sulfide (MnS) nanoparticles (NPs) are more effective and economical than Cu and Mn slats due their nano-size. This review critically summarizes the methods of CuS and MnS NPs syntheses, characterization, and their effect on plant growth, stress resilience, plant health, possible uptake mechanism, and translocation. It has been documented that CuS and MnS NPs trigger antioxidant activities in plants and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Although, CuS and MnS NPs are encouraging elicitor in agricultural applications, yet their effect at molecular and cellular level, soil microbiota, fate in the soil, and safety assessments need further investigation.