Univerzitet Vitez

The development of society in recent years has unequivocally demonstrated that finding solutions for the effective sustainable management of climate change is critically important for the entire world. The success of these efforts depends on the engagement and motivation of the participants involved. The aim of this study is to explore the significance and role of strategic communications in managing climate change and building resilient local communities. The authors emphasize the necessity of a comprehensive vision and commitment from all participants for the success of sustainable policies. The primary focus is on the need to adopt an effective strategic approach in communicating local public policies with stakeholders, aimed at addressing climate challenges.

Zbornik Nova promišljanja o djetinjstvu II / Dijete i prostor nastavak je na već započetu priču o djetinjstvu sad iz praktične vizure promatranja djeteta i prostora iz stvarnog konteksta. Na samom početku zbornika nalaze se plenarna izlaganja renomiranih znanstvenika iz odabranog područja, i to Roberte Mineo, koja problematizira ulogu okoliša i prostora u Reggio Emilia pristupu s apekta grupnoanalitičke interpretacije, Irene Klasnić koja smješta dijete i prostor u okvire pedagoškog diskursa te na kraju Laszla Varge koji problematizira neuropedagogiju ranog djetinjstva kao otvoren prozor prema svijetu. Ostali radovi zastupljeni u zborniku kategorizirani su kao stručni te daju široku tematsku lepezu veze odgojno-obrazovnog prostora sa širom društvenom zajednicom, kroz stvaralački odgojno-obrazovni potencijal životnih prostora. Nadalje, radovi prostornost dovode u vezu i s glazbenim igrama djece predškolske dobi, Orffovim instrumentarijem kao poticajem i sredstvom djetetova glazbenog razvoja, s likovnim ostvarajima koji se povezuju sa stranim jezikom. Prostor se stavlja i u kontekst poticanja tjelesnog vježbanja u odgojno-obrazovnom procesu kao ključnog čimbenika cjelokupnog djetetova razvoja, te se također ističe važnost provođenja igre na otvorenome (mozaik-pristup), osobito u ovo digitalno doba. Stoga je svakako zanimljiv rad koji se bavi suvremenom problematikom tzv. sharentinga odnosno sve većega roditeljskog izlaganja vlastite djece medijskom prostoru. Dio radova tematizira povezanost fine motorike i razvoja govora u jasličkoj dobi te djetetov doživljaj odgojno-obrazovnog prostora. S obzirom na tematske okvire koji su obuhvaćeni, a dio su stvarnog prostora, odnosno struke, vjerujemo da će ovaj zbornik pomoći u radu prije svega odgojiteljima, studentima predškolskih studija, ostalim stručnjacima i svekolikoj javnosti.

Uvod. Pojavom HIV epidemije u svijetu se javlja sve veća zabrinutost i strah zdravstvenih djelatnika zbog mogućeg inficiranja pri obavljanju profesionalnih djelatnosti. Svrha istraživanja je analizirati razinu znanja i stavove zdravstvenih djelatnika o HIV infekciji, korelaciju i njihov utjecaj na smanjenje stigme i diskriminacije. Metode. Prospektivno istraživanje urađeno je dragovoljnim i anonimnim anketiranjem djelatnika tri odjela Županijske bolnice Zenica, tijekom 2024. Stavovi su ispitani pomoću modificirane Likertove ljestvice s tri ponuđena odgovora. Statistička analiza urađena je korištenjem hi-kvadrat testa (p <0.05). Za određivanje koeficijenta korelacije varijabli znanje i stavovi koristio se Pearsonov koeficijent korelacije. Rezultati. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 120 djelatnika, 59.2% ženskih. Prosječna starost ispitanika je 35 godina. Prema zanimanju je najviše medicinskih sestara (74.1%). Prosječna duljina radnog staža je 11 godina. Većina djelatnika nije imala HIV edukaciju i smatraju da im je potrebna (p <0.05). Uprkos relativno dobrom znanju o HIV-u (p <0.05) postoji prisustvo nekih stigmatizirajućih stavova. Korelacija znanja i stavova (0.136) otkriva kompleksnu sliku u kojoj samo posjedovanje znanja nije dovoljno za oblikovanje pozitivnih stavova (p >0.05). Zaključak. Kontinuirana edukacija zdravstvenih djelatnika mora ići dalje od jednostavnog prijenosa informacija. Potrebno je oblikovanje stavova kroz senzibilizaciju, razvoj empatije i profesionalne etike.

Introduction. HPV infection is highly prevalent worldwide and is a major risk factor for cervical cancer. Results. Abnormal Pap smear findings were detected in 26.3% of women. HPV infection was confirmed in 15.3% of tested women. High-risk HPV genotypes predominated, with HPV 16 being the most frequently identified genotype (42.8%). Conclusion. The findings highlight a strong association between HPV infection and abnormal Pap smear results, emphasizing the importance of HPV testing in primary healthcare for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Key words: human papillomavirus, HPV genotyping, Pap test

Introduction: With the expansion of the development of computer equipment and the improvement of software interfaces, there is also a sudden development of radiology without film, through computerized radiography (CR) systems. The CR system made it possible to improve the quality of the radiological image, and thus to make a more accurate and faster diagnosis.Objective: To estimate the costs of computed radiography compared to conventional radiography.Materials and methods: The analysis used data on the costs of radiological materials and existing radiological information systems from the plans and signed contracts for 2019 and 2022 in the Croatian Hospital "Dr. Fr. Mato Nikolić" Nova Bila.Results: Thecosts of conventional radiology are exceptionally high, including the procurement of X-ray films, processing chemicals, and equipment maintenance. The analysis compares the number of procedures and the displayed costs for the hospital.Conclusion: Computerized radiography is more cost-effective than conventional radiography due to reusable phosphor imaging plates and reduced chemical and film expenses.Keywords: Diagnostic Imaging, Radiography, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis,Radiology Information Systems

This study investigates the digital transformation within companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, aiming to assess the level of digital integration and its impact on business operations across manufacturing, trade, and services sectors. Employing a quantitative analysis of responses from 82 managers or owners, the research focused on attitudes towards digitalization, the adoption of software solutions (ERP, CRM, DMS, WMS, eCommerce), and the impact of digitalization technical aspects. The findings reveal significant disparities in digitalization levels across sectors, reflecting a diverse digital landscape within the Bosnian economy. Despite the initiation of digital transformation efforts, a considerable gap remains between recognizing its importance and its practical implementation. The study underscores the urgent need for continued efforts towards embracing digital transformation to enhance operational efficiency, competitiveness, and adaptability to changing market demands and consumer expectations, highlighting the critical role of digital transformation in securing a competitive edge and ensuring responsiveness to market and consumer dynamics.

The last armed conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which took place between 1992 and 1995, was a bloody one. Not only was lots of real blood were spilled, but metaphorically speaking, it resulted in millions of displaced persons, hundreds of mass graves, hundreds of places of detention, hundreds of thousands of prisoners of war, hundreds of thousands of tortured and destroyed lives. During the aftermath of the war, around 700 war crime cases were prosecuted, spanning one thousand defendants, and including all possible war crimes, including genocide. These war crime trials could be observed from different perspectives. While most of these crimes were committed by soldiers and police officers, among those who were not soldiers or police officers, one category is to be particularly observed, the paramilitary. Members of the paramilitary, not soldiers or civilians, according to the database of war crimes, were charged in some 5% of all war crimes cases. But then, if these persons are not soldiers or civilians, the question is who were they, and why they do what they did? Furthermore, what interest did they have in behaving in a way that is characterized as criminal, more precisely, a war crime. Among number of the war crimes committed by the paramilitary groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, this paper will analyze ones including most serious crimes and those of most significance. By doing that, this paper will contribute to the better understanding of the position and behavior of the paramilitary groups involved in committing war crimes, further legal regulation of their position, and social understanding of the nature of paramilitary forces in and after the armed conflict.

ABSTRACT Legalised gambling is a regulated leisure activity and a public health problem. Permissive regulation attempts to balance the morality-economic politics of these opposing aspects through a combination of national policy oversight and regulatory devolution from national to local level. Local contexts of gambling harm and support have been important foci within public health research but have been overlooked by hospitality and tourism researchers despite the significant economic and social implications for leisure management. The development of the Victoria Gate casino in Leeds, UK, provides a unique context for examining the morality-economic politics associated with facilitating gambling development whilst simultaneously managing gambling harm. This largely qualitative study draws on interviews with eight gambling businesses, 15 gamblers and 17 support service providers with the purpose of examining the intersecting relationships between local government policy, industry social responsibility, and local support service provision. A comparative dimension was also added by drawing on extensive national datasets on gambling prevalence and problem gambling severity. Our findings bring new empirical focus to the scale of policy development and investment required to mitigate gambling development and reinforce the evidence base on the locality-support flaws of permissive regulation observed elsewhere, notably, Canada and Australia. Consequently, we contend that reliance on existing local support services to manage gambling harm whilst facilitating responsible gambling development is ineffective without a deep understanding of the local context, significant additional mitigation investment, and more effective alignment of information, referral, counselling, and advisory services to support problem and at-risk gamblers across multiple stakeholders.

Introduction: Conflicts are a social phenomenon and occur in all organizations where people work. So, they are inevitable even among nurses, because the work they do is very responsible and stressful. Conflicts of a personal nature are not uncommon, and they are produced by intimacy in the workplace.Methodology: The study was conducted among 146 nurses employed at the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo. The study is descriptive, analytical andcomparative. The original author’s questionnaire created on the basis of professional and scientific literature was used as a study instrument. The goal of thestudyisto determine if the conflict situations in nursing clinical practice are related to the dissatisfaction of nurses with working conditions, lack of motivational techniques, poor communication in the team and superior-subordinate relations.Results: Most respondents state that conflict situations are short-lived and do not affect work. Respondents pointed out that the most commoncauses of conflict are poorcommunicationand personal contempt of colleagues (71 or 48.6%), violations of labor regulations and non-performance of work obligations (68 or 46.6%), differences in education (39 or 26.7%), etc. The most common manner that nurses use to resolve conflicts is to exchange information in order to reach a joint decision, to negotiate and seek compromises.Conclusions: Conflicts are manifested in the form of negative emotions, so in this regard, they can have significant negative consequences, and contribute less toimprovement or have a positive effect on the work environment. Communication conflicts between nurses are detrimental to teamwork - negative confrontation between two sides, often revealing anger, not talking for a longer period, or personally standing out at the expense of the other side.

Covid-19 and the restrictive measures it brought with it significantly impacted the daily habits and routines of elderly people. Residential care facilities for the elderly were high-risk environments during the Covid-19 pandemic, as the residents themselves were a vulnerable group with various morbidities and co-morbidities. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the quality of life of older people living in nursing homes. The research included 153 participants who were residents of nursing homes and was conducted from May to August 2021. The study included "Naš dom" in Travnik, "Revitalis" in Bugojno, "Linija života" in Donji Vakuf, "Sentivo 1" and "Sentivo 2" in Ilidža, and "Vitalis" in Ilidža. The research used the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, which is a shortened version of the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to assess the quality of life. The results showed that older people did not experience a significant decline in quality of life, but the results varied between institutions. Women had a lower quality of life than men, as did older participants compared to younger ones. Gender, age, educational status, and experience with COVID-19 are significant factors that may influence the quality of life of elderly people living in nursing homes.