Ural Institute of Cardiology

This study is a comprehensive review of English-language academic literature on donor anonymity in assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures. It systematically examines arguments for and against anonymity, explores the risks associated with de-anonymization, and analyzes the motivations of recipients and donors in choosing either anonymity or openness. Psychological aspects related to these decisions, as well as the consequences of concealing a donor’s identity, are also addressed. The review highlights how technological developments, particularly the increasing accessibility of genetic testing, are reshaping social and legal attitudes toward donor anonymity. Findings indicate that absolute anonymity is no longer feasible, a trend likely to drive many countries toward adopting the principle of openness. This shift necessitates careful review of mechanisms for informing donors (and, where applicable, recipients) while safeguarding their privacy. The study provides a foundation for future empirical research to confirm or challenge these conclusions and to formulate newresearch objectives. Additionally, by synthesizing current knowledge, this review offers valuable insights for legislative bodies, regulatory agencies, medical institutions, and other stakeholders involved in ART, supporting evidence-based policymaking and practice.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is typically described in boys with a pathogenic variant in the DMD. However, in certain cases, females may also exhibit symptoms of this X-linked disorder. In the present study, the cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in three girls was reciprocal translocations t(X;2), t(X;12), and t(X;16), with breakpoints located within the DMD gene sequence. All patients had global development delay, predominantly proximal muscle weakness, calf muscle hypertrophy, and elevated creatine kinase levels up to 100 times the normal range (16,000–26,694 U/L). All underwent cardiac ultrasound and electromyography, and two of the girls also had muscle MRI data. After receiving negative results of MLPA aimed at the detection of DMD deletions and duplications, as well as the limb-girdle muscular dystrophy gene panel sequencing, the patients were referred to whole genome sequencing, which allowed to detect a translocation involving the short arm of the X chromosome and with breakpoints in the DMD. Karyotyping confirmed reciprocal translocations in all patients, with de novo status established in all three cases. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of clinical polymorphism and genetic heterogeneity of the disease, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive approach to genetic diagnostics in atypical cases.

According to WHO, cardiometabolic disorders have remained the leading cause of death in the world for 20 years. Heart diseases account for 16% of deaths worldwide today, reaching 47% in Russia. Unfortunately, awareness of CVD as a leading cause of death remains insufficient among both women and physicians. The risk of CVD in middle-aged women remains underestimated and certainly requires timely interdisciplinary attention. The aim of the study was to conduct a literature review of databases in the context of studying the problem of cardiovascular risk realization in peri and postmenopausal women. Research methods. An analysis of evidence published in 2015-2025 in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, ELibrary, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar electronic libraries was conducted using the keywords cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular risk, peri and postmenopause, menopausal hormone therapy. Results of the study. The review presents the main determinants of the implementation of cardiometabolic and cardiovascular risks in women in peri and postmenopause both in terms of aging and in terms of the influence of menopausal hormone therapy. Conclusion. The presented data convincingly indicate that in order to prevent the implementation of cardiovascular risk in women in peri and postmenopause, it is necessary to create a personalized pathogenetically substantiated strategy of therapeutic and preventive measures based on the concept of preventive medicine.

Investigate the association of Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) scores with brain volumes measured by MRI in Hispanic/Latino adults.

To investigate the relationship between antimicrobial prophylaxis protocol, prevalence and etiology of local infectious complications after open cardiac surgery. A retrospective cohort observational study was performed between 2010 and 2019 at the Ural Institute of Cardiology. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was performed using the main (cefuroxime 1.5 g IV every 6 hours) and alternative protocols (vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV every 12 hours). The prevalence of local infectious complications throughout the entire follow-up period was 4.5±0.3% [95% CI 4.45-4.54]. There were 42 cases of deep infection (0.9±0.13%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci prevailed (15.9±2.5% of cases, 35 cultures). Resistant flora included coagulase-negative methicillin-resistant staphylococci (13 cultures, 37.1±8.2%) and representatives of Enterobacteriaceae family, producers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (8 cultures, 50.0±18.2%). Antimicrobial prophylaxis with vancomycin increases the risk of local infectious complications (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.20, 2.55, p=0.001). Both protocols of antimicrobial prophylaxis demonstrated comparable efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common cause of local infectious complications in cardiac surgery. Modern antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens are relevant despite resistant flora.

s: 32nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Neurosurgical Anesthesia and Critical Care, Las Vegas, Nevada, October 22, 2004: CLINICAL NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCE/PHARMACOLOGY

WHEN a plate immersed in liquid air and placed in a magnetic field parallel to its plane is illuminated by a beam of white light perpendicular to its plane, an electromotive force E is produced between A and B (Fig. 1). This electromotive force changes its sign when the magnetic field is reversed, its absolute value remaining unaltered. We investigated the dependence of E upon the intensity of the magnetic field H and found that up to fields of about 2,500 gauss, E is a linear function of H, the maximum electromotive force at this field strength reaching 2.7 volts. It may be noticed also that when the plate is illuminated from the opposite side, with the direction of the current in the electromagnet remaining unchanged, the electromotive force is reversed in sign. The existence of this electromotive force must evidently be looked upon as an indication of the fact that electric current is flowing perpendicularly to the plane of the plate. An examination of the sign of the electromotive force observed proves that the direction of the supposed flow of the negative electrons coincides with the direction of the light beam, assuming that under the influence of the magnetic field the electronic current is deflected in the normal way.