Ural Scientific Research Institute of Composite Materials

In this article considers the models of random parameter and random walk as alternative approaches for estimating the mean standard deviation associated with heterogeneity during both the evaluation of the metrological characteristics of reference materials, the quality control of samples prepared from moist solid substances. For the random parameter and random walk models, the behaviour of the basic statistical criteria is described, including the overall mean, standard deviation, standard deviation of the mean and function, obtained both for real experimental data and theoretical measurement results simulated according to the Monte Carlo method. It is shown that the application of the ANOVA method for evaluating the standard deviation associated with heterogeneity should be additionally validated for the materials, whose basic statistical criteria fall under the random walk model.

The results of the development of a system of State primary and secondary standards of the units of quantities employed in physicochemical measurements, and when solving problems of ensuring the uniformity of measurements in the nanosystems industry with rational use of natural resources, are presented. The part played by standards in ensuring the functioning of the generalized checking scheme is described. A standard base in the area of physicochemical measurements was set up at the Ural Research Institute of Metrology (UNIIM) in the 1970s. Particular attention was devoted to measurements of the moisture content of solids and materials, and the composition of pure substances. In the 1980s, the standard base consisted of two highly accurate equipments, on the basis of which two State primary standards of the units of quantities were constructed, characterizing the content of the compo- nents in solid and liquid substances and materials. The orientation towards metrology in physicochemical measurements at that time was due to the general trends in the development and improvement of this area, the requirements of the national economy for standard samples of the com- position of substances and materials, and also the need to set up a standard base for measuring the moisture content of solids, since the requirements imposed on the accuracy with which the moisture content of such strategic reserves as grain and grain products was measured had increased considerably. At the present time, considerable attention is being devoted to problems of ensuring that measurements can be traced to units of the International System of Units and of confirming measurement and calibration capabilities in physicochemical measurements. The area of physicochemical measurements, which is characterized by complexity and variety of objects, methods and measuring instruments, their wide range and content of components, is constantly being developed. Below we present information on the composition and metrological characteristics of the State Primary and Secondary Standards, which are used at the UNIIM in this area. The metrological characteristics of the State Primary Standard of the unit of mass fraction and mass (molar) con- centration of water in solid and liquid materials (GET 173-2013 (1, 2)) are presented in Table 1.

Information is provided on the legal aspects, major functions, and structure of the State Reference Sample Service (GSSO) of the Russian Federation for the composition and properties of substances and materials, as well as on the activity of the service’s scientific and pedagogical center.

A technique for the synthesis of nanoporous silica gels is developed. Reference specimens are created and an estimate of their metrological characteristics is performed.

The key comparison CCQM-K96 was organized jointly by the inorganic and electrochemistry working groups of CCQM to test the abilities of the metrology institutes to measure the amount content of dichromate. Slovak Institute of Metrology with help of KRISS acted as the coordinating laboratories. Eight NMIs took part in the comparison. All participants used high accuracy constant current coulometry. Good agreement of the results was observed.Main text.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

Basic sources are given for uncertainty in certified values for standard specimens. Methods are given for estimating those values and algorithms for calculating their standard, total, and expanded uncertainties.

The analytical laboratories accreditation system (SAAL) began its work in 1992. At first, SAAL was created for laboratories performing quantitative chemical analysis, but its activities have constantly expanded. SAAL presently covers laboratories determining oil and petroleum properties, properties of construction materials, parameters of dangerous and harmful industrial goods, precious stones, rubber, plastic, metals etc. Today, SAAL comprises over 3,000 accredited laboratories, 34 accreditation bodies and over 200 assessors united under the Federal Agency on Technical Regulating and Metrology. Within the Russian Federation, SAAL is recognized by various bodies and organizations as a reliable tool in the demonstration of technical competence of laboratories. This report is devoted to the history of SAAL, describing the separate stages of its development, evolution of its requirements for laboratories and accreditation procedures, the principles on which SAAL was based, and conformity of these principles to the legal requirements of the Russian Federation.

The key comparison CCQM-K34 was organized jointly by the inorganic and electrochemistry working groups of the CCQM as a follow-up to the pilot study CCQM-P36 to test the abilities of the metrology institutes to measure the amount content of acid in solid weak acids. The Slovak Institute of Metrology acted as the coordinating laboratory, and seven NMIs expressed interest in participation. All participants used constant current coulometry at different levels of sophistication. In general very good agreement of the results was observed; some possible problems were highlighted.Main text.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM.