Valencia College

Some powerful tools to treat refractory neurological and psychiatric disorders are neuromodulation techniques. These include Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Transcranial Stimulation (TMS). Early studies demonstrated that both weak direct current and patterned magnetic stimulation reliably alter motor cortex excitability, supporting controlled plasticity and therapeutic potential. Clinical trials confirm rTMS efficacy in depression, tinnitus, neuropathic pain, and post-stroke recovery, though outcomes vary due to anatomical differences and imprecise targeting. In contrast, fMRI and MRI-guided neuronavigation improves precision which reduces inter-individual variability, and assures enhanced patient outcomes. Neuroimaging further reveals circuit-level disruptions in depression, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, supporting individualized, network-based neuromodulation strategies. To bridge this translational gap, it requires a systematic comparison of disorder-specific outcomes, which will validate if fMRI-guided targeting persistently take down superior clinical efficacy across DBS and TMS. The objective of this study is to determine whether fMRI-guided neuromodulation enhances clinical outcomes compared to traditional anatomical targeting methods. A further aim is to evaluate how the benefits of imaging-guided targeting vary across specific neurological and psychiatric disorders, including depression, tinnitus, Parkinson's disease, and post-stroke motor impairment.

This paper seeks to contextualize the broader impacts of Mexico’s drug epidemic by studying the collateral consequences its associated violence has on the fate of educational programming. The consequences of violence disrupting education, exacerbating mental health challenges, and pushing numerous young individuals toward criminal behavior gives rise to a cycle of instability and socio-economic problems. Highlighting a need for ample policy responses and interventions, the article highlights the importance of investing into education and creating economic opportunities to minimize the effects of violence and pave the way for a bright future to give Mexico's younger generations.

In flavor models the vacuum alignment of flavons is typically achieved via the F-terms of certain fields in the supersymmetric limit. We propose a method for preserving such alignments, up to a rescaling of the vacuum expectation values, even after softly breaking supersymmetry (and the flavor symmetry). This facilitates the vacuum alignment in models which are nonsupersymmetric at low energies. Examples of models with different flavor groups, namely, A4, T7, S4, and Δ(27), are discussed. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Bacteriophages have the potential to change the world. These small biological entities can change medicine in a big way. With a new wave of superbugs that have hit the Earth, antibiotics are falling behind as researchers need to make newer antibiotics to attack these new superbugs. These antibiotics take time to create, and in the long run, will become harder and harder to make. These drawbacks make antibiotics less favorable. Bacteriophages have the potential to be something new, and effective. With bacteriophages, that problem can be solved. Bacteriophages are small viruses that specifically target bacteria. They will not attack normal human cells, and that allows the immune system to also attack the bacteria with help from the Bacteriophage. They are organisms, so they can evolve, and since they are viruses, they can reproduce on their own. Bacteriophage research is still not 100% complete, but with the technology we have, we can start using phages in more severe cases of bacterial infections. Though it takes time to prepare, it only takes one or two doses to control an infection. A person can recover in a few days, with symptoms ceasing within 24 hours. The pros that bacteria bring to the table far outweigh the cons that come with phage therapy. With antibiotics falling behind in the modern world, it may turn out that bacteriophages can change the whole world of medicine. One of the only helpful viruses for mankind, there is almost nothing deadly about bacteriophages toward humans. Bacteriophages have the potential to become something big and change the antibacterial field forever.

As a director of a community-based organization who works predominantly with immigrants and refugees, Lucy Morse Roberts noticed immigrant clients and colleagues were often experiencing ill-defined malaise, headaches, and insomnia. After visiting doctors, the immigrant clients and colleagues were still unwell. She and her team sought to understand and address this suffering and seek ways to heal. Research on migratory mournings by Joseba Achotegui offered her team one lens through which to understand and better respond to the physical and psychological ailments experienced by immigrant and refugee clients. Achotegui’s research, including that on the Ulysses Syndrome and cultural and situational responsiveness, directly changed the programming and priorities at Hui International under Lucy Morse Roberts’ leadership. This article first defines migratory mournings and the Ulysses Syndrome. Second, the article offers community partners’ personal and professional insight as to how and why this research is relevant and transformative. Lastly, the article offers an organizational framework for effective application and intentional community engagement.

Several of the most studied graph labelings are injective functions, this constraint precludes some graphs from admitting such labelings; a well-known example is given by the family of trees that cannot be harmoniously labeled. In order to study the existence of these labelings for certain graphs, the injectivity constraint is often dropped. In this work we eliminate this condition for two different, but related, additive vertex labelings such as the harmonious and arithmetic labelings. The new labelings are called semi harmonious and semi arithmetic. We consider some families of graphs that do not admit the injective versions of these labelings, among the graphs considered here we have cycles and other cycle-related graphs, including the analysis of some operations like the Cartesian product and the vertex or edge amalgamation; in addition, we prove that all trees admit a semi harmonious labeling. Something similar is done with the concept of arithmetic labeling, studying finite unions of semi arithmetic graphs together with some general results.

This chapter unifies cross-disciplinary references, analysis, and conceptualizations of modernity and modernization, highlighting a clear distinction between the spirit of both modernization and modernity. As we saw from different perspectives and criticisms, although modernization operates as a levelling process, modernity still appears to be worth a potential update. From coloniality to pandemic, by connecting modernities and histories, modernity can now represent a global necessity, where awareness of injustice, inequality, and human and environmental crises would create the possibility of a modernity-to-come.

After decades of study, much remains unknown about the foraging practices of the earliest inhabitants of Puerto Rico. Here, we present an analysis of the malacological assemblages of two neighboring and (partially) contemporary early sites from the island's southwest, finding intriguing intersite differences in shellfish collection practices. We attribute this diversity to differences in site type, chronology, or changes in local coastal configuration. This work not only provides insights into prehistoric Puerto Rican foraging dynamics but also demonstrates the importance of considering factors including intra-age chronology, site type, and changes in paleoenvironmental conditions when considering ancient foraging practices.

The relationship between motivation and the use of learning strategies is a focus of research in order to improve students’ learning. Meaningful learning requires a learner’s personal commitment to put forth the required effort needed to acquire new knowledge. This commitment involves emotional as well as cognitive and metacognitive factors, and requires the ability to manage different resources at hand, in order to achieve the proposed learning goals. The main objectives in the present study were to analyse: (a) Spanish secondary school students’ motivation and self-perception of using strategies when learning science; (b) the nature of the relationship between motivation and perceived use of learning strategies; (c) the influence of different motivational, cognitive, metacognitive and management strategies on students’ science achievement. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) was administered to 364 middle and high-school students in grades 7–11. For each participant, the academic achievement was provided by the respective science teacher. The results obtained from the Pearson product-moment correlations between the study variables and a stepwise regression analysis suggested that: (1) motivation, cognitive and metacognitive, and resource management strategies, have a significant influence on students’ science achievement; (2) students’ motivation acts as a kind of enabling factor for the intellectual effort, which is assessed by the self-perceived use of learning strategies in science; and, (3) motivational components have a greater impact on students’ performance in science than cognitive and metacognitive strategies, with self-efficacy being the variable with the strongest influence. These results suggest a reflexion about the limited impact on science achievement of the self-perceived use of cognitive and metacognitive strategies, and highlight the importance of students’ self-efficacy in science, in line with previous studies.

Propagation of hops has traditionally been accomplished through vegetative techniques. A more modern technique, micropropagation, can be used to propagate hops and offers several advantages to vegetative techniques. Research examining the use of LED lights in plant production has observed its ability to promote growth in plants through emission of higher light quality, such as enhanced red and blue wavelength discharge. This new 5-page EDIS publication provides information on the use and application of LED lights to enhance leaf area and root length of hops. Written by Chi D. Nguyen, Dominic Vu, Heqiang Huo, and Brian Pearson, and published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep583