Victoria College

Background and ObjectivesEmergency medical services (EMS) clinicians play a critical role in early identification and management of neurologic emergencies yet may encounter sparse neurology-specific education. With interprofessional collaboration, we developed a multimodal, active-learning, and experiential curriculum for teaching prehospital care in a neurologically underserved setting. We evaluated curriculum feasibility and impact on prehospital neurologic assessment. The objectives of this study were to (1) recognize signs and symptoms of neurologic emergencies, aiding in the formulation of a prehospital differential diagnosis; (2) appraise patient encounter data for incorporation into prehospital medical decision making and facilitation of interprofessional communication and continuity of care; and (3) provide situation-specific prehospital care for patients with neurologic emergencies, including stabilization, medical management, triage, and disposition.MethodsWe delivered a 10-month longitudinal neurologic emergencies curriculum to EMS clinicians in Victoria, TX. The program included case-based learning, simulation, team gamification, and pilot web-based bedside teaching. Participants completed preknowledge and postknowledge assessments for in-person interactive sessions and a simulation, as well as a summative knowledge assessment. Learner reactions were assessed by changes in self-perceived familiarity with neurologic emergencies. We tracked local acute stroke care metrics (monthly median door-to-needle time (DTNT), incidence of thrombolysis, and incidence of thrombectomy transfer) before and after the curriculum to assess impact on recognition and triage skills.ResultsEMS clinicians with varying experience levels participated in 221 session attendances. Short-term knowledge assessment scores improved for neurovascular (60 vs 80, p < 0.01), neuromuscular and spinal cord (60 vs 90, p < 0.01), and traumatic brain injury and headache (60 vs 90, p < 0.01) emergencies, but not for epilepsy/syncope/dizziness/encephalopathy (both 80, p = 0.12), nor summatively (both 80, p = 0.97). Postsimulation assessment showed significant knowledge gain (40 vs 80, p < 0.01). No postcurriculum difference in median DTNT (49 vs 45 minutes, p = 0.72) nor thrombolysis administration (both 2, p = 0.21) was observed; transfer for thrombectomy evaluation increased (1 vs 3, p = 0.02). Learners reported consistently moderate familiarity with neurologic emergencies but expressed appreciation for the case-based, differential diagnosis approach.DiscussionShort-term knowledge improved in several areas of our curriculum, most notably with simulation. Increase in thrombectomy transfers suggests potential impact on recognition and triage. Challenges included attendance amid clinical responsibilities and sample size. Long-term knowledge retention strategies, including ongoing simulation, may help sustain gains.

This paper excavates the racialization of the Black body and demystifies the stereotypes propagated through ‘single stories.’ Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie talks of the dangers of these single stories that become social excuses for racial and gender misrepresentations and erasures of Black bodies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze what factors contribute to the self-efficacy/teacher efficacy (TE) of preservice teachers (PSTs) as they teach physical education (PE) to students with disabilities (SWDs). Method: Self-efficacy theory was used to make meaning of what self-efficacy theory tenets the PSTs found valuable in boosting their TE in teaching PE to SWDs. Results: Derived from self-efficacy theory, data analysis revealed that the PSTs highly value vicarious experiences, mastery experiences, and social persuasion when considering factors that elevate their TE with SWDs in the PE setting. Conclusion: This study was able to contribute to the gap in research by discovering that there are additional sources that fuel the TE of PSTs as they teach PE to SWDs. Supplementary sources fueling TE should be considered in PE teacher education programs.

This quantitative study investigated teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching online compared to teaching in-person during the COVID-19 pandemic. Teacher self-efficacy is a significant predictor of both teacher practice and student outcomes. During the pandemic, teachers were forced to suddenly shift their teaching online and as a result, many new challenges were faced. Teachers from three teaching contexts (public, private, and virtual public schools) in Ontario, Canada completed the Ohio State Teacher Efficacy Scale (OSTES) and questionnaires measuring online teaching experience and training in May–June 2020 (phase 1) and again one year later, in May–June 2021 (phase 2). Results indicated that while the perceived self-efficacy of teachers improved over the course of the study, specifically in classroom management and student engagement, their perceived self-efficacy did not reach the levels reported for self-efficacy for in-person teaching, highlighting the persisting limitations educators experience in online learning environments. Additionally, efficacy for instructional strategies had not significantly increased by phase 2, indicating a particular need of targeted instruction for future teacher education programs. These results offer insights into the kind of experience and tools teacher education programs can extend to enhance teacher preparedness, and the conditions that best encourage improvements in self-efficacy for in-service teachers.

The Australian species of the genus Brachysandalus Stål, 1867 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae) are revised. A total of 21 species are recognised, including nine new species: B. ayyammae Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. flavidus Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. fulvipes Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. gunbalanyae Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. howarthi Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. longifemoratus Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. maculatus Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov., B. pallidus Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov. and B. westraliensis Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov. Redescriptions of the genus Brachysandalus and all 12 previously described Australian species of the genus as recognised in this study, are presented. Lectotypes are designated for Brachysandalus helluo Stål, 1867, B. lurco Stål, 1867, B. punctorius Stål, 1867, Pirates (Brachysandalus) alutaceus Reuter, 1881, P. (Brachysandalus) brevicoxis Stål, 1874, P. (Brachysandalus) crassifemur Reuter, 1881, P. (Brachysandalus) flavo-pictus Stål, 1874, P. (Brachysandalus) limbatus Reuter, 1881, P. (Brachysandalus) melanolestoides Stål, 1874, P. (Brachysandalus) setosus Stål, 1874, P. fuliginosus Erichson, 1842, P. fulvipennis Walker, 1873, P. sepulchralis Distant, 1902 and Reduvius (Pirates) ephippiger White, 1843. Pirates fulvipennis Walker, 1873 is removed from synonymy with B. punctorius Stål, 1867, and revalidated with the new combination as B. fulvipennis (Walker, 1873), stat. rev. & comb. nov. Pirates (Brachysandalus) flavopictus Stål, 1874, is removed from synonymy with B. punctorius Stål, 1867, and confirmed as synonym of B. fulvipennis (Walker, 1873). Reduvius semifasciatus Walker, 1873 is removed from synonymy with Brachysandalus fuliginosus (Erichson, 1842), and because the former not considered to be a peiratine species is placed here as "Incertae sedis". Pirates erythromelas Walker, 1873 is transferred to Brachysandalus as B. erythromelas (Walker, 1873), comb. nov. A key to species is provided together with images of the habitus of type specimens and some other males and females with different wing forms, and major structures of male genitalia to assist distinguishing these species. Based on morphology, brief comments are provided on putative species groups within the studied species. Brachysandalus howarthi Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov. collected from Bayliss Cave, north Queensland, is morphologically and behaviourally adapted to live in caves and is regarded to be an obligate subterranean species, further details and some biological information is provided. Detailed observations of the male extragenital structure that is present on the left side of sternite VII, were made in all species of Brachysandalus considered in the present study. Fourteen of the 21 species studied have been recorded to possess an externally visible extragenital process, that varies greatly in size, shape and development between species; these details are illustrated and discussed including their probable function in mating process, and potential value in species diagnoses. Cases of leg teratology, specifically morphological abnormalities of tarsi and tarsal claws, were observed in a few specimens of four species, i.e., Brachysandalus lurco Stål, 1867, B. helluo Stål, 1867, B. flavidus Malipatil & Liu, sp. nov. and B. gunbalanyaeMalipatil & Liu, sp. nov.; details are illustrated and discussed.

They have research interests in the global nineteenth century, particularly the literature and literary institutions of the British Empire and literary collaborations between settler and Indigenous writers. Their most recent monograph is Writing the South African San: Colonial Ethnographic Discourses (Palgrave Macmillan, 2021). They are also coeditor, with Emily Bell, of The Curran Index, an index revealing the authorship of over 168,000 contributions to nineteenth-century periodicals: http://cur ranindex.org/.

ABSTRACT Purpose: In light of this, the current study aims to evaluate the management practices of major family business operations in India. Theoretical references: Cadbury (1992) defines business governance as the operational and managerial framework of an organization guided by its purpose and principles. Methods: The research scrutinizes governance practices of major family firms on the Bombay Stock Exchange, concentrating on the top 30 contributing to the SENSEX. Governance factors include board structure, meeting frequency, market capitalization, and social responsibility initiatives. Results: The findings provide insights into the corporate governance strategies of Indian family-run enterprises, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of their governance practices. The study underscores the need for enhanced gender diversity and sustained adherence to governance norms. Limitations of Research: The limitations of this study include a potential lack of generalizability due to the focus on specific family-run companies in the Indian context. Originality: This study unveils the corporate governance dynamics within Indian family businesses, showcasing their adherence to ethical practices, compliance with regulatory frameworks, and distinctive governance patterns.