Voluntary Health Association of Goa

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, a global health and socioeconomic crisis, has severely impacted various demographics, with daily wage and private sector workers in India among the hardest hit. Lockdown measures, aimed at curbing the virus's spread, resulted in widespread job losses, financial instability, educational challenges, and mental health issues, leading to a critical examination of the post-pandemic effects on these vulnerable populations. This study aims to assess the socioeconomic and psychological impacts of COVID-19 on daily wage and private sector workers. Specifically, it examines employment and income loss, access to basic needs, educational disruptions, lifestyle changes, and mental health effects post-lockdown. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 100 participants selected through simple random sampling. Data collection spanned from October to December 2023, utilizing a structured questionnaire to capture sociodemographic, economic, lifestyle, and psychological information. The depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 items (DASS-21) scale was employed to measure depression, anxiety, and stress levels among respondents. Results: Results show that 42% of participants experienced job losses, predominantly among daily wage workers, with many respondents also reporting decreased financial stability. Educational impacts were notable, with limited access to digital learning tools exacerbating the digital divide. Significant lifestyle changes included shifts towards healthier habits and increased compulsive behaviours, such as handwashing. Mental health assessments indicated that 30% of participants had mild depression, while moderate levels of stress and anxiety were common. Conclusions: The findings highlight the pandemic's lasting socioeconomic and mental health toll on daily wage and private sector workers in India. Immediate policy interventions are needed to strengthen social support systems, ensure access to mental health care, and facilitate economic recovery for these communities.

Children may be victims of crime under the Indian Penal Code or the various preventive and protective laws. India has passed a special law called the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and set up special courts to try offences committed on children who haave been victims. As of 2023, over 2,43000 lakh POCSO cases are pending before the Special Courts. This indicates the growing incidence of sexual crimes against children. These courts have made some progress, but have also been faced with several difficulties. This article evaluates the Special Courts for children.

a um aumento brusco na quantidade de rao, sem perodo de adaptao.Foi possvel realizar o exame de necropsia em dois animais.A partir do histrico, sinais apresentados pelos animais e leses encontradas no exame post mortem, o diagnstico foi de acidose ruminal.Conclui-se que imprescindvel destacar a necessidade da transio alimentar gradual e monitorada, com acompanhamento profissional, visto que a negligncia dessa prtica resultou em srios impactos na propriedade, acarretando prejuzos na sade, e a morte de vrios animais.

Sterilisation and rabies vaccination programs seek to manage free-roaming domestic dog (Canis familiaris) populations with the aim to reduce inter-species disease transmission and conflicts. As effective, permanent, remotely-administered options are not yet available for sterilisation, and oral vaccination is not yet commonly used; free-roaming dogs are typically captured for these interventions. There is a paucity of information describing how dog capture rates change over time within defined areas following repeated capture efforts. This data is needed to allow efficient dog capture programmes to be developed. Using spatial co-ordinates of dog capture, we characterise where dogs are more likely to be captured in six catch-sterilise-release campaigns, in Goa state, India. Combining capture numbers with population survey data collected in five sites, we document the increasing difficulty of catching entire (non-sterilised) dogs as sterilisation coverage increases and demonstrate how this leads to increased unit costs. Accounting for the extra resources required to capture dogs when sterilisation coverage is high will improve estimation of the resources required to manage free-roaming dog populations and assist in planning the most efficient intervention strategies.

Most of what we know about the link between vitamin D levels and GDM comes from observational studies with different results. Two well-conducted meta-analyses published recently from this work found evidence of a small link between low 25(OH)D levels and an increased risk of GDM. It is yet uncertain, though, if a vitamin D deficit affects the pathophysiology that leads to the development of GDM. To our knowledge, there hasn't been a published major randomized trial of different vitamin D doses in women at high risk for getting GDM or who already have GDM. RCTs are needed to prove that getting enough vitamin D helps prevent or treat GDM because the only studies done so far are encouraging but not conclusive.7–14% of pregnancies are complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnancy also frequently results in vitamin D insufficiency. However, it is unknown whether vitamin D supplementation can prevent GDM. New research indicates that vitamin D delivery can increase insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Observational studies provide conflicting evidence regarding the association of low serum 25(OH) D) levels with GDM. According to two recent systematic evaluations, vitamin D insufficiency raises the risk of GDM. However, the observational and varied nature of the included studies restricts these reviews. The biggest worry is that we don't know how significant confounding factors like obesity and race/ethnicity might influence the association. Only a few randomized controlled trials have been conducted. Still, they are necessary to determine if extra vitamin D supplements, beyond what is usually found in prenatal vitamins, can help GDM patients with glucose tolerance.

Ayurveda, the science of life is utilized for maintenance of health since ancient time. The main objective was to prolong lifespan of human subjects and also to maintain and promote their positive health and the same is the motto of Ayurveda science. Pharmaceutical branch in Ayurveda with more than five thousand permutation and combinations are used in day today practice for treatment of different ailments. This traditional medical system with established history of many centuries is becoming one of the most popular sciences with safety and efficacy. With increase demand of Ayurveda medicine and acceptance of Ayurveda in the entire world, there is requirement of modernization and use of advance techniques in Ayurveda Pharmaceutics. Now a day’s newly progressed branch known as Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used to meet increasing demands of Ayurveda medicines and to tackle challenges faced during drug manufacturing. AI can be used to combine engineering principles into the drug development to overcome challenges faced in Ayurveda Pharmaceutics. This can be achieved through applicability of AI in the various sectors of Ayurveda pharmaceutics. An attempt has been made in this article to analyze challenges with probable solutions by using Artificial Intelligence for global acceptance of Ayurveda.