Vyatka State Agricultural Academy

Isotopes in the region of the nuclear chart below ⁶⁸Ni have been the subject of intense experimental and theoretical effort due to the potential onset of a new "island of inversion" when crossing the harmonic oscillator subshell closure at <em>N</em> = 40. We have measured the masses of ⁶⁴⁻⁶⁸Mn using TITAN's multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer, resulting in the first precision mass measurements of ⁶⁷Mn and ⁶⁸Mn. These results are compared to <em>ab initio</em> calculations and modern shell model calculations and show an increase in collectivity approaching <em>N</em> = 40.

У даній роботі представлено аналіз результатів дослідження технології орнітоптерів, визначення їх аеродинамічних характеристик, факторів, які впливають на ефективність та стабільність їх польоту, а також розроблені рекомендацій щодо оптимізації конструктивних характеристик орнітоптера, їх переваг та недоліків у порівнянні з іншими типовими конструкціями БПЛА.

A study on the effect of plant growth regulators on growth of chrysanthemum was carried out at K.N.K. College of Horticulture, Mandsaur. Experiment was laid out in completely randomized design(CRD) with three replications. Chrysanthemum cultivar- Hybrid-2 was used for the experiment. Six PGR treatments consisting of three concentrations each of GA and NAA i.e., GA3 (100, 150 &amp; 200 ppm) and NAA (75 ppm, 125 ppm and 200 ppm) were applied to the experiment. GA3 (200 ppm) recorded the maximum values for plant height, plant spread, number of branches / plant, number of leaves/ plant, leaf length (cm), leaf stalk length (cm), number of suckers per plant, number of flowers per plant, flower stalk length (cm), flower diameter and flowering duration as well as the earliest first flower bud appearance and first flower opening. This treatment also recorded the longest vase life of cut flowers (days), the maximum total water uptake in vase and the maximum diameter of fully opened flower in vase life.

This paper aims at a quantitative and qualitative study of the advantages of digitalization for quality management by agricultural land users in view of the directions of modernization considering the specifics (favorability) of the conditions for agriculture. Originality and novelty of this research consists in its providing precise quantitative data on digitalization and analyzing its influence on agricultural products' quality with application of the mathematical tools. Detailed data on digitalization of agriculture and the components of quality of food products are used, which ensures the most precise, correct, and informative data. Also, differences between countries with unfavorable farming conditions and countries with favorable farming conditions are taken into account. This allows obtaining the fullest conclusions and compiling practice-oriented recommendations. It is proved that favorable conditions of the environment (positive influence of the natural and climate factors) reduce the value and need for digitalization. It is of the largest interest for countries with unfavorable conditions for farming and countries that have a deficit of food productsdigitalization open for this countries a possibility of development of their own highly-efficient agricultural production.

Aim. The goal was to establish the effect of soil cyanobacteria (CB) Fischerella muscicola, Nostoc paludosum and Nostoc linckia on change in the concentration of heavy metal ions (HM) and fusariotoxins in aqueous media.Material and Methods. In order to plot the kinetics of sorption by dry biomass of CB Fischerella muscicola and Nostoc paludosum of copper(II), lead(II) and cadmium ions from solutions with a concentration of 10‐4mol/L, the method of potentiometry with ion‐selective electrodes was used. The concentration of fusariotoxins in the filtrate of the contact medium of Fischerella muscicola CB and Nostoc linckia with F. culmorumwas determined by HPLC.Results. The kinetics of sorption of TM ions by dry biomass of the CB isbest described by a modified second‐order model. According to the model, the sorption process limits the ion exchange reaction. In the presence of CB Fischerella muscicola and Nostoc linckia with a titer of 1.8∙106 cells/mL (1:100 dilution), a decrease in toxin and lycomarasmin in T‐2 medium occurs. However, this increases the concentration of fusaric acid and deoxynivalenol. In the variant where the titer of CB is equal to 1.8∙107cells/mL, the concentration of lycomarasmin is significantly reduced, while there is no change in the concentration of other fusariotoxins.Conclusion. Dry biomass of CB, having a high bisorption potential, can act as a good biosorbent with respect to copper(II), lead(II) and cadmium ions. A decrease in the concentration of fusariotoxins indicates the possibility of isolating active CB substances that can inhibit the biosynthesis of certain toxins of micromycetes of the genus Fusarium, reducing both the phytotoxicity of plant growth media and increasing the safety of crop production.

The article reveals the search for a fast and reliable techniques for identifying hair samples from wild animals, which occur during an expert evaluation in the Amur branch of WWF Russia. The relevance of the presented data is that the main methods for determining the species of hair are electron microscopy, analysis by spectrogram or chemical composition of the hair, which is a long-term method and requires special equipment. In practice, the above-root parts of hair are often received for examination, and it is unsuitable for genetic research since some have already passed through the digestive tract. The authors considered the search for a technique that allows analyzing the hair of the Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica), Domestic cat (Felis catus domesticus) and Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in comparison, the method of imprints on gelatin, on a photographic plate, and on a colorless varnish was applied. As a result of the research, one method was chosen for analyzing hair samples on a colorless varnish with subsequent microscopy. Measurements of hair samples were compared in Microsoft Excel, with the construction of charts, using the “trend line” and “linear forecast” functions to predict the average measurement result and “error limits” with the “standard error” function to determine the permissible deviations of measurement results. As a result, we found that samples from different parts of the body of wild and domestic animals are well analyzed in the Microsoft Excel program with the expression of a linear trend, which allows us to determine the permissible deviations of the measurement results.

The harvest of winter rye may contain poisonous ergot sclerotia. Existing grain cleaning machines do not provide the separation of ergot sclerotia from grain in one technological process. Ergot sclerotia are less dense than that of rye grain. To isolate ergot sclerotia from rye grain by density, aqueous solutions of salts can be used. For this, an experimental machine MVS-1.0 has been developed, consisting of a loading hopper with a feeder, a bath, unloading devices for rye seeds and waste. Research on calibrating the unloading of grain material from a loading hopper with a width of 0.1 m was carried out on an experimental installation. For this, grain of winter rye of the Falenskaya 4 variety was used. To calibrate the unloading of grain material from the loading hopper of the experimental installation, the grain load was determined for the MVS-1.0 machine. The prototype machine MVS-1.0 has a loading hopper width of 0.415 m. It has been found that with an increase in the gap in the outlet of the loading hopper from 10.0 to 30.0 10–3 m, the total grain load increases from 1006.6 to 10788.4 kg/h. It is assumed that in the MVS -1.0 machine with grain loads of 1006.6…2195.6 kg/h, corresponding to the size of the set gap in the outlet window of the loading hopper 10.0…15.0 10–3 m, the allocation of ergot sclerotia will be ensured in one technological process.KeywordsGrain materialGrain loadErgot sclerotiaGrain cleaning machineAqueous salt solutionFeed hopper

Most of the technologies for increasing the productivity of natural fodder lands are based on a combination of suppression of their biocenoses by herbicides with slicing in the furrow sod and sowing grass seeds in them. An alternative to them is strip sowing with processing in the sod of a strip of soil, the parameters of which ensure the successful development of shoots without the use of herbicides. To implement this technology, a family of SDK seed drills with milling coulters has been developed. To improve the quality of soil cultivation, double-disc milling tools with L-shaped knives and plate knives have been developed. The influence of the kinematic regime and the type of the working element on the parameters of the strip width and the crumbling of the soil of the developed and serial milling working organs was studied. The best cutter is provided by a milling opener with plate knives, with the content of the fraction up to 3 mm increasing by 12.5%, 3 10 mm from 22,5 to 30% increasing with the increase of the kinematic regime. The crumbling of the soil with double-disc milling openers is more intensive due to the doubled number of cutting elements, which allows to reduce their circumferential speed without affecting the quality of processing.KeywordsSeederCutterOpenerTillageKinematic mode of soil millingImprovement of natural meadowsSowing seeds of perennial grassesBelt tillage

The relevance of the problem of environmental protection in agriculture is increasing in modern conditions due to the processes of pollution of natural resources used in agricultural production, industrial, construction and other non-agricultural enterprises. These pollutants lead to a decrease in soil fertility and productivity, deterioration of the quality of water and the atmosphere, and damage crop and livestock production, which leads to a loss of agricultural products and deterioration of their quality. And the very activity of livestock facilities is accompanied by the release of various pollutants (including greenhouse gases) into the air, the consumption of large volumes of drinking water and the discharge of pollutants into water bodies as part of wastewater, the formation and placement of a large amount of organic waste. The article offers a list of measures to reduce the polluting influence of livestock complexes on the surrounding area.

The article summarizes the experience of using alternative fuels as motor fuel in internal combustion engines (ICE). Russia’s long-term energy program provides for measures to save fuel and energy resources, replace oil fuels with natural gas and other alternative fuels of non-oil origin, and expand the use of secondary and non-traditional energy sources. To justify the form of alternative fuels should consider the following factors: motor properties, availability of raw materials for its production in large volumes for a long time, the presence of large technologies, systems of transportation and distribution for the consumer, environmental indicators in the work ICE at this fuel, the cost of production and distribution of fuel. The article considers natural gas, alcohols (methyl and ethyl), hydrogen, ammonia, hydrazine, and synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from shale and coal as the main alternative fuels for replacing fuels of petroleum origin. Taking into account the above factors, the most interesting are natural gas (compressed and liquefied), hydrogen, and methyl alcohol (methanol).