Vyatka State University

The purpose of the research is to determine therapeutic efficacy of the combined use of a toltrazuril anticoccidial agent and a conifer-vitamin feed supplement against eimeriosis in rabbits. Materials and methods. An experiment was conducted at a vivarium to determine therapeutic efficacy of the combined use of a toltrazuril anticoccidial agent and a conifer-vitamin feed supplement against eimeriosis in rabbits. Toltrazuril 5% Suspension was administered orally, individually, at a single dose of 0.14 mL/kg of body weight, and a conifer-vitamin feed supplement containing glycerin extract of Scots pine tree greens, linseed cake, bran, sugar, and vitamins A, D3, and E was administered at a dose of 4.0 mL per animal with feed by a group method, daily, for 2 months, as drugs for eimeriosis treatment. To diagnose the disease (infection rate analysis) and monitor drug efficacy, feces analysis for oocysts in rabbits was performed. During the experiment, the animals' health was assessed, livestock survival rates were calculated, and average daily weight gains were monitored. Results and discussion. The experiment results demonstrated the high efficacy of Toltrazuril 5% Suspension combined with the conifer-vitamin feed supplement to treat eimeriosis in rabbits. The absolute and average daily live weight gains for the group averaged 510 and 8.5 g, respectively, which is higher than in the other experimental groups and the control.

Introduction. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the rhizomatic approach to education has become quite widespread in recent years, and as a result, there is an urgent need for its scientific analysis. The purpose of this article is to identify the essence, structure, and content of rhizomatic education, i.e., to create a comprehensive description of rhizomatic education as a phenomenon in modern education. The objective is to assess the potential advantages and disadvantages of rhizomatic education compared to the traditional theory and practice of classroom-based education, which has been in place for centuries. Materials and methods. The author uses an analytical and synthetic research method, a method of analyzing scientific literature, and a systematic research approach. Numerous works by domestic and foreign authors published in a number of reputable periodicals, as dissertations and monographs were used as research materials. Results. The philosophical origins of this phenomenon of modern education are shown, the authors of the rhizome concept (Gilles Deleuze and Felix-Pierre Guattari) are indicated, and the main characteristics of rhizomatic learning are revealed. The rhizome is characterized as a structure that can be used to represent new knowledge. Two main reasons for the spread of rhizomatic learning are identified. The first reason is that the concept and practice of connectivism are used as a driver in the implementation of rhizomatic learning. Connectivism is a necessary condition for the implementation of rhizomatic learning; without it, rhizomatic learning would be helpless. The second reason is that formal educational institutions are not always able to fully meet the diverse and rapidly changing demands for knowledge. KEYWORDS Discussion and conclusions. It is noted that rhizomatic learning is an attempt by modern educators to make the educational process more attractive. The potential of rhizomatic learning is great, especially in distance learning and the use of various online resources such as social media and blogs. The continued spread of IT technologies and the need to acquire even more information will contribute to the development of the rhizomatic learning model.

An important stage of professional pedagogical education is the selection and professional orientation of students for pedagogical professions. An effective mechanism for identifying and involving students in teaching activities is the creation and functioning of specialized psychological and pedagogical classes on the basis of schools. This mechanism involves the cooperation of educational institutions with the relevant departments of the university, as well as the use of innovative approaches to the pre-professional training of future teachers. The purpose of the article is to present the results of testing the model of pre-professional pedagogical training of students. Research methods: theoretical analysis; empirical method, which includes experiments and a set of research and diagnostic procedures. In addition, data processing methods were used, which involve both quantitative and qualitative assessment of the results. The result presented in the article is a model for pre-professional pedagogical training of high school students. The implementation of the model ensures the development of students' interest in pedagogical professions, their pedagogical abilities, and their acquisition of experience in pedagogical activities. As a result, this article may be useful for educational professionals involved in career guidance for school students interested in choosing a teaching career.

The relevance of this study is due to the limited applicability of universal financial risk assessment methods to electric grid companies due to their industry specifics: the natural monopoly nature of the market, regulated pricing, high capital intensity, and significant depreciation of fixed assets. The aim of this study was to practically test the author's methodology for calculating the total financial risk of grid companies. During the study, the development was tested using the example of PJSC Rosseti, Russia's largest electric grid company. The approach involves dividing risks into four groups—financial stability, regulatory, investment, and macroeconomic—with subsequent aggregation of the results. The calculation revealed an overall financial risk level of 70 points out of 100, which corresponds to a below-average level. The most problematic group of investment risks was identified due to the low return on invested capital and unfavorable depreciation dynamics of fixed assets. The obtained results confirm the suitability of the proposed methodology for assessing financial risk, taking into account industry specifics and long-term indicator dynamics.

The paper analyses the main features of Peter I’s image representation in the poem “The Northern Star” (1718) by Aaron Hill, a prominent English poet, playwright and critic of the first half of the 18 th century. The paper considers this problem in the context of general trends in the reception of the Russian monarch’s image in the early Enlightenment literature (in the works of D. Defoe, R. Steele, M. Stringer and others) and in connection with the imagological content of the “Petrine text” in English literature. We study the stable motifs and themes of the poem from the functional point of view together with the elements of imagery that contribute to the creation of Peter the Great image as an enlightened monarch, military leader and civilizator of the “barbaric” Russia and a defender of the Christian world. The paper also considers the artistic means of Peter I’s image deification (the poem’s allusive plane, historical parallels, etc.). The positive reception of the czar’s image in “The Northern Star”, and in English literature of the first decades of the 18 th century in general, affected the hetero-image of Russia valorization and inclusion of new imagemes in its structure, in particular those associated with the country’s messianic role. On the other hand, the reception of Peter I was concerned with myth-making, which resulted in the emergence of a reduced and schematic image of the monarch and a simplified conception of Russian history.

Pollution of the aquatic environment by metals must be considered taking into account their probable combinations and emerging chronic effects. The spectrum of effects of copper and its combined action with lanthanum is determined for the first time in the amphipod Hyalella azteca Saussure, 1858 in a chronic experiment (40 days). The effect of solutions containing equimolar calculated concentrations of Cu2+ ions and combinations of Cu2+ and La3+ (1 : 1) is modeled in two variants: 0.16 and 0.8 µmol/L per metal or their sum. Solutions with a higher concentration naturally have a more pronounced effect on amphipods. The effects of the metal mixture exceed their individual effect (0.8 µmol/L). In solutions with a combination of Cu2+ and La3+, the death of individuals is 2.5 times greater, and the linear dimensions and mass of individuals are 1.1 and 1.4 times lower compared with similar indicators for the Cu2+ variant. In combined solutions, the leveling of sexual dimorphism according to these signs is recorded. The trophic activity of amphipods tends to increase in variants with a mixture of metals compared with the action of copper and control. Thus, an increase in the action of copper in the presence of lanthanum is shown. Consequently, the risks associated with REEs entering the environment require revision.

In the Orthodox Church at Easter, the Prologue of the Gospel of John is read in different languages. In the Russian Orthodox Church ten languages are used, including Old Greek, German, English, Church Slavonic and Russian. The observed variations in readings are thematically associated with the grammatical principles of language structure. The present work analyzes the difference in the use of personal and possessive pronouns, substitutes for personal and possessive pronouns. As well as masculine and neuter adjective and verb endings in the Russian translation. The results contribute to a better understanding of the theological meaning of the texts. The studies of Bible translations are important because the language of the Holy Scriptures is something special, often it sounds like a hymn. The Prologue of John's Gospel is regarded as a hymn of the apostolic church characterized by inner harmony on multiple levels. There are three types of translations: those based on the original language, those where the target language is in the foreground, or those for specific readers and target groups. There are particular difficulties in translating the Greek word "κατέλαβεν", which has multiple meanings - “to understand” and “to master”. The translation of the Easter Gospel into German and English reflects the complex semantics of this word, while the translation of this word into Russian and Church Slavonic cannot give the full meaning of the original text. Various translation possibilities are being discussed in order to better match the sound and meaning of the original text. The article further proposes that these issues be presented before the Synodal Biblical and Theological Commission for further consideration.

Purpose: to study the relationship between morphometric parameters of intestinal lymphoid tissue and anthropometric indicators (weight, body length) in young female Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx). Materials and Methods. The analysis included data from 12 individuals harvested during legal hunting and scientific shooting in 2023–2024 in the Kirov Region and adjacent regions. To study the intestinal morphometry of lymphoid tissue, small and large intestinal samples were used, in which the number, size, and spatial distribution of lymphoid nodules and plaques were measured. Anthropometric parameters (body weight accurate to the nearest 5 g, body length) were recorded before butchering. The study results revealed a number of significant patterns. First, a general biological relationship between body weight and body length was confirmed (ρ=0,800, p=0,002). Secondly, a strong correlation was found between the duodenum area and body weight (ρ=1.000, p<0.01). However, negative correlations were also revealed: body weight was associated with a decrease in the number of lymphoid nodules in the duodenum (ρ=-0,800, p=0,002), while body length was associated with a decrease in the area of ​​the ileum (ρ=-0,800, p=0,002). Age-related dynamics of lymphoid structures in lynxes is manifested in a decrease in the number of nodules (ρ=-0,800) and plaques (ρ=-0,775) in the duodenum against the background of an increase in the distance between them (ρ=0,800). The species-specific characteristics of the lynx are reflected in the spatial distribution of lymphoid structures: in the jejunum, a positive correlation was found between the area of ​​nodules (ρ=0,800) and the number of plaques (ρ=0,632) and metabolic activity, which is characteristic of adaptation to an antigen load in the wild. Morphometric analysis revealed a structural reorganization of the lymphoid tissue: a decrease in the distance between nodules (ρ=-0.600) with a simultaneous increase in their number (ρ=0,600), indicating compaction and optimization of the spatial arrangement of immune structures. The predominance of lymphoid plaques in the duodenum (ρ=0,949, p<0,001) is similar to data for canids, in which they constitute up to 70 % of the lymphoid mass of the proximal sections.

Acne conglobata and acne fulminans are severe forms of acne requiring a special approach to both diagnosis and treatment. The combination of genetic predisposition, features of the innate and adaptive immune responses, presence of comorbid pathologies in patient, skin reaction to stress are currently considered to be the pathogenetic mechanisms, which form the basis of developing severe forms of acne. The main factors provoking the development of severe forms of acne have been described, the correlation between acne conglobata, acne fulminans and metabolic syndrome has been demonstrated, the main diagnostic criteria of severe forms of acne and characteristics of therapeutic tactics in these forms of the disease have been formulated, the algorithmic approach of managing patients with acne fulminans has been provided. Alternative methods of managing patients with acne fulminans resistant to performed therapy have been presented. Acne conglobate and acne fulminans require timely and accurate diagnosis, as well as personalized approach to treatment. A differentiated approach, preciseness and patient’s adherence to therapy effectively help to prevent the complications of severe forms of acne and to minimize the post-acne manifestations, primarily in the form of severe cicatricial changes.