Waldorf College

Abstract Extensive laboratory experimentation has revealed conserved molecular pathways controlling growth and stress responses in plants, yet how these programs operate in natural settings remains poorly understood. We investigated transcriptome organization in wild populations of Arabidopsis thaliana by sampling plants from 60 natural sites in Europe and North America across two seasons. Transcriptomes varied extensively among individuals and showed largely continuous rather than discrete structure across geography and season. Although disease and microbial colonization were common in the wild, wild transcriptomes did not simply recapitulate canonical laboratory stress signatures. Measured microbial infection, environmental, and phenotypic variables explained only a modest fraction of total expression variation, but infection-associated signals accounted for the largest share of the explainable component. Consistent with this, biotic-response networks defined in controlled laboratory experiments were well conserved in wild transcriptomes, whereas control and abiotic-response networks were substantially reorganized. Together, these results suggest that while core transcriptional modules remain recognizable across environments, regulatory relationships among modules differ markedly between laboratory and natural contexts. Graphical Abstract

This manuscript introduces a robust analytical method to trace and analyze the movement of bodies shooting past the Apollo XVI mission on the lunar surface. By employing both 2D and 3D analysis techniques, we aim to provide a detailed comparison of the observed kinematic events against theoretical models. The paper extends a previous work focused on the kinematics of lunar dust utilizing footage from the “Grand Prix” sequence of the Apollo XVI mission ("Ballistic motion of dust particles in the Lunar Roving Vehicle dust trails" published in 2012 on the American Journal of Physics by Mihaly Horanyi and Hsiang-Wen Hsu: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258468670 [_Ann. 1_ [https://www.apollolab.eu/tcc/wp-content/uploads/2020/TAXVIF/Annexes/01_AJP_2012.pdf]_ – __Ann. 2_ [https://www.apollolab.eu/tcc/wp-content/uploads/2020/TAXVIF/Annexes/02_roostertail.zip]]). The objective is to validate lunar environmental models and enhance the understanding of motion dynamics on the lunar surface. This comprehensive analysis reconstructs the image production chain and the photographic and television transmission technology used during the Apollo 16 mission and indicates the good practices to follow for the correct digital transposition of the various types of film produced. Not only does it reassess existing data but also introduces new methodologies in order to interpret the lunar surface motions of bodies captured during Apollo missions.

For a previous longitudinal cluster randomized controlled trial (2018-2019), we randomized 48 primary care pediatric practices to online communication training vs usual care. Online communication training reduced missed opportunities (MOs) for initial human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination at well-child care (WCC) visits by 6.8 percentage points among children aged 11-17years. The current study estimated implementation costs of the communication training intervention at WCC visits. We analyzed monthly surveys completed by intervention practice lead clinicians to track clinician plus office staff personnel hours devoted to implementing the intervention. We converted personnel time into 2019 US dollars using national median hourly wages for physicians and other health care workers; we tracked nonpersonnel costs. We calculated costs per practice (overall and by practice size) and estimated costs per averted MO for HPV vaccine initiation using an effectiveness estimate determined by grouped logistic regression at the practice level. Practices varied from 1 to 24 clinicians (mean = 7.5) and from 241 to 8866 visits (mean = 2353) during the 6-month intervention. Total intervention costs varied substantially across the 24 intervention practices from $370 to $6653, with a mean of $2003 (95% CI, $1377-$2762) and median of $1305. The incremental cost per averted MO for HPV vaccine initiation at WCC visits averaged $110 ($212 in practices with 1 or 2 physicians and $94 in practices with 3 or more physicians). The implementation cost per averted MO for HPV vaccine initiation at WCC visits of this online communication training intervention was modest, particularly among larger pediatric practices.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates are suboptimal, and missed vaccination opportunities are common. We hypothesized that a bundled intervention improves missed HPV vaccination opportunities. We used a pre-post design to assess differences in HPV vaccine missed opportunities (visits when vaccine-eligible adolescents are not vaccinated). We compared rates for a 12-month period before vs those for a 6-month period (February 23, 2022, to August 9, 2022) during a bundled intervention. We implemented the bundled intervention in 24 primary care pediatric practices that had been usual care controls for a prior randomized trial. The bundled intervention involved 3 components: online clinician training on HPV vaccine communication, performance feedback on missed HPV vaccination opportunities, and clinician prompts for HPV vaccination. As a secondary analysis, we compared missed opportunities for these 24 practices vs 48 contemporaneous comparison group practices identified retrospectively. For well-child care (WCC) visits, missed HPV vaccination opportunities were improved during vs before the intervention by 4.8 percentage points (95% CI, -7.2% to -2.4%) for initial HPV vaccine doses and a modest 2.2 percentage points (95% CI, -4.4% to -0.0%) for subsequent doses. For other visit types, findings ruled out changes beyond minimal improvements. Missed vaccination opportunity rates for initial HPV vaccination at WCC visits were similar for the 24 intervention practices vs the 48 comparison practices for a 4.5-year period before the intervention, but they improved for intervention practices and worsened for comparison practices during the intervention period (difference, -6.6%; 95% CI, -9.3% to -3.8%). This bundled intervention appeared to improve HPV vaccination during WCC visits.

The nuclei of multinucleated skeletal muscles experience substantial external force during development and muscle contraction. Protection from such forces is partly provided by lamins, intermediate filaments that form a scaffold lining the inner nuclear membrane. Lamins play a myriad of roles, including maintenance of nuclear shape and stability, mediation of nuclear mechanoresponses, and nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling. Herein, we investigate how disease-causing mutant lamins alter myonuclear properties in response to mechanical force. This was accomplished via a novel application of a micropipette harpooning assay applied to larval body wall muscles of Drosophila models of lamin-associated muscular dystrophy. The assay enables the measurement of both nuclear deformability and intracellular force transmission between the cytoskeleton and nuclear interior in intact muscle fibers. Our studies revealed that specific mutant lamins increase nuclear deformability while other mutant lamins cause nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling defects, which were associated with loss of microtubular nuclear caging. We found that microtubule caging of the nucleus depended on Msp300, a KASH domain protein that is a component of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. Taken together, these findings identified residues in lamins required for connecting the nucleus to the cytoskeleton and suggest that not all muscle disease-causing mutant lamins produce similar defects in subcellular mechanics.