Warsaw Management University

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play vital, context-specific roles in cancer, functioning as either tumor suppressors or oncogenic factors. Preliminary evidence suggests that a primary mechanism of ncRNA influence is through the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, with a focus on how they may regulate IFN-induced immune surveillance and immunotherapy outcomes. Types I, II, and III IFNs regulate antitumor immunity, antigen presentation, and immune checkpoint activity, but can also support tumor growth in certain scenarios. Evidence indicates ncRNAs modulate IFN signaling by targeting IFN receptors, JAK–STAT components, interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and IRFs. Some ncRNAs suggest potential to enhance antitumor immune responses and improve responses to IFN-based therapies, while others may dampen immune activity, contribute to therapy resistance, or promote metastasis. This review centers on how ncRNAs act as tumor suppressors or promoters through modulating IFN signaling to influence immunotherapy efficacy, demonstrating their versatile roles in shaping immune surveillance across various cancers. Although encouraging, experimental findings face challenges like functional complexity, delivery barriers, and off-target effects that must be addressed before clinical application. By integrating mechanistic and translational perspectives, this review highlights potential new opportunities to target ncRNA–IFN interactions for personalized medicine and advanced immunotherapies.

Recent crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, the 2023 active shooter attack at Charles University in Prague, and the 2025 knife attack at the University of Warsaw have significantly influenced preferences regarding the working and teaching environment. This paper outlines emotional responses to telework, coping strategies, and leadership implications in an international academic context. Qualitative primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with academic staff and students and analysed using content and thematic analysis. A broad spectrum of emotional reactions was observed; verbalisation of emotions is culture-specific. The main stressors identified are a lack of personal contact and a sense of insecurity.

Abstract Education intricately shapes human behavior, including entrepreneurial endeavors. Recent academic discussions have focused on entrepreneurial education programs and their effects on firm’s performance, thereby overlooking behavioral implications. However, this research domain is particularly important for entrepreneurs without academic entrepreneurship-related education, potentially lacking theoretical skills, knowledge, and access to resources. Adopting grounded theory methodology, this study analyzes interview data from 41 entrepreneurs. The findings demonstrate the interplay of education-related starting challenges, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial characteristics, influencing entrepreneurial behavior. In a new conceptual framework, the three identified coping mechanisms using self-learning opportunities, learning through practical experience and actively looking for support, play a central role in overcoming potential disadvantages. This study thus contributes to the academic discussion of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behavior opening various avenues for further research. Furthermore, it provides practical implications for entrepreneurs, policy makers, organizations and institutions.

The experience of British citizens living in in France, Spain and Italy has been amply covered by researchers. However, very little attention has been given to British citizens living in Central and Eastern Europe. Moreover, although the impact of Brexit on Britons living in the EU has received some attention, the role of politics in general as a factor in unforced migration is relatively understudied. This paper draws on qualitative in-depth interviews conducted in the period 2019-2022 with 60 British citizens living long-term in Poland. It investigates the structural effects of politics in Poland and the UK and how its sliding doors have fostered or hindered UK citizens’ ability to move between the two countries since the political transformation of 1989. On a micro level, it also looks at the individual agency of British citizens and their attempts to negotiate the changing political landscape. This paper finds that anomic feelings connected to the political conditions in the UK have often been a contributory factor in the decision to move abroad. Despite widespread concerns about political illiberalism in Poland, the state of British politics today and the structural impact of Brexit, which prevents many citizens returning to the UK with their partners, as well as the ‘hostile environment’ for Polish migrants, fuel continuing disillusionment with the UK and a reluctance to return.

Adult neurogenesis is the biological process whereby neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into neurons and glial cells in specific areas of the adult brain. Impairments in neurogenesis may lead to many complications, including neurodegenerative illnesses and psychiatric problems. In the adult brain, new neurons are generated from neural stem or progenitor cells (NPCs) through a meticulously controlled process that governs both cell proliferation and the specification of neuronal identity. This review discusses how artificial intelligence (AI) can be applied to analyze the effects of exercise on neural stem cell proliferation, focusing on data collection, AI model training, and the prediction of outcomes such as neural regeneration and recovery. AI-based models, including machine learning algorithms and deep learning techniques, offer promising tools for understanding and predicting the mechanisms underlying neurogenesis, potentially guiding personalized interventions for individuals with neurological conditions. Adult neurogenesis is fundamentally impacted by several physiological, pathological, and pharmacological variables. These factors encompass exercise, age, severe brain injury, epilepsy, and antidepressant therapies. Recent studies indicate that physical exercise is a vital external element that significantly promotes adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus.

Latar belakang: Penanganan masalah kesehatan lansia, selama ini lebih banyak menggunakan terapi farmakologi , namun apabila hal tersebut dilakukan dalam jangka panjang bisa memberikan dampak yang buruk bagi lansia seperti ketergantungan obat, mengakibatkan kerusakan pada fungsi kognitif, penurunan metabolisme dan penurunan pada fungsi ginjal hal tersebut tentu akan berpengaruh pada kualitas hidup lansia baik secara fisik maupun psikologis. Terkait dengan dampak tersebut alternatif terapi non-farmakologi atau komplementer menjadi pilihan untuk menangani masalah kesehatan pada lansia. Metode pengabdian: Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan adalah dengan memberikan penyuluhan berupa materi dalam bentuk PPT, leaflet dan poster tentang penyuluhan terapi komplementer herbal. Hasil pengabdian: Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan terapi komplementer herbal terdapat 10 orang lansia yang berada di Puskesmas Binjai Estate dan menerapkan terapi komplementer herbal Kesimpulan: Penyuluhan yang telah diberikan dapat memberikan tambahan pengetahuan dan wawasan bagi masyarakat khususnya lansia dalam menerapkan terapi komplementer herbal

Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu wojny w sąsiedztwie Polski na jej przestrzeń powietrzną. W artykule skupiono się na identyfikacji głównych zmian i wyzwań, które pojawiają się w kontekście bezpieczeństwa, regulacji ruchu lotniczego, gospodarki oraz społecznych aspektów życia, a także ma na celu zaproponowanie strategii zarządzania tymi wyzwaniami. Problem badawczy sformułowano: W jaki sposób wojna w pobliżu granic Polski wpływa na funkcjonowanie przestrzeni powietrznej nad krajem? Badanie ma na celu zidentyfikowanie kluczowych zagrożeń oraz konsekwencji dla różnych sektorów, związanych z lotnictwem. Odpowiednio do postawionego problemu badawczego postawiono hipotezę badawczą, która zakłada, że wojna w sąsiedztwie Polski znacząco zwiększa ryzyko bezpieczeństwa, prowadzi do zmian w regulacjach ruchu lotniczego, negatywnie wpływa na gospodarkę lotniczą oraz wywołuje społeczne obawy i niepewność. Do realizacji celu i weryfikacji hipotezy zastosowano odpowiednie metody badawcze. Dokonano przeglądu dostępnych publikacji naukowych, raportów oraz dokumentów, dotyczących wpływu konfliktów zbrojnych na przestrzeń powietrzną. Zebrane dane i ich analiza, dotyczących incydentów lotniczych, zmian w trasach lotów, liczby pasażerów oraz wpływu ekonomicznego na sektor lotniczy pozwoliła na sformułowanie głównych wniosków. Stosując te metody, artykuł dąży do kompleksowej oceny wpływu wojny na przestrzeń powietrzną nad Polską, identyfikując kluczowe wyzwania i proponując możliwe rozwiązania, aby zminimalizować negatywne skutki konfliktu.

PURPOSE: The aim of the article is to determine changes in the behaviour and preferences of individual automotive consumers as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The specific objectives are characterise the group of individual car users, showing preferences in the use of cars by individual users before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, presening plans and intentions regarding car purchases, determine the nature and durability of changes in the behaviour of individual car users.

The main objective of this study was to check the knowledge of teachers from Polish schools about the problems faced by children with migration experience, awareness of the possibilities of helping these students and teachers’ knowledge about the functioning of Polish schools in the world.The respondents were 312 primary school teachers from the Pomorskie, Warmińsko-Mazurskie, Mazowieckie, Wielkopolskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie and Podlaskie. A self-designed questionnaire was used in the study. The analysis of the results showed that the teachers had partial knowledge about the problems of children with migration experience, possibilities of help and generally little knowledge about the functioning of Polish schools in the world.

The article aims to identify the role of the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) in managing information security within an organization. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research problem was formulated as follows: What role does the CISO play in ensuring information security within an organization? To address this research problem, appropriate research methods were employed, such as literature analysis, both domestic and foreign, about information security, ISO 27000 standards, the role of the CISO, and information security threats. This method facilitated understanding existing theories, research frameworks, and practices in the field of information security, as well as the analysis of documents and reports containing current research, data, and information, enabling an understanding of practices and standards applicable in a given organization or sector. Findings: The process of developing, implementing, maintaining, improving, and auditing the quality management system impacts the security level of the organization. Consequently, it serves as a modern tool focused on instilling organizational order in the company, encompassing both the structure and creativity of all employees. Practical implications: The article addresses the topic of information security, emphasizing its significance in today's digital world, where data is a critical asset for organizations, and it focuses on the ISO 27000 standard, which is one of the most important standards related to information security management. It discusses its main assumptions, scope, and benefits resulting from its implementation. Another aspect addressed is the role of the CISO (Chief Information Security Officer) in the organization. The authors analyze the tasks, responsibilities, and expectations placed on the individual fulfilling this role. They explain that the CISO is a key player in ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data within the organization, while also being a leader in the field of information security.