Watsonville Community Hospital

ABSTRACTDamage caused by lodging is a significant problem in corn production that results in estimated annual yield losses of 5-20%. Over the past 100 years, substantial maize breeding efforts have increased lodging resistance by artificial selection. However, less research has focused on understanding the genetic architecture underlying lodging. Lodging is a problematic trait to evaluate since it is greatly influenced by environmental factors such as wind, rain, and insect infestation, which make replication difficult. In this study over 1,723 diverse inbred maize genotypes were crossed to a common tester and evaluated in five environments over multiple years. Natural lodging due to severe weather conditions occurred in all five environments. By testing a large population of genetically diverse maize lines in multiple field environments, we detected significant correlations for this highly environmentally influenced trait across environments and with important agronomic traits such as yield and plant height. This study also permitted the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for lodging. Several QTL identified in this study overlapped with loci previously mapped for stalk strength in related maize inbred lines. QTL intervals mapped in this study also overlapped candidate genes implicated in the regulation of lignin and cellulose synthesis.

Red raspberry production in the western United States is heavily reliant on preplant soil fumigation to ensure the successful establishment and productivity of a planting. However, due to issues related to the regulation, availability, and economics of soil fumigation, alternatives are needed for current fumigation practices. Trials were conducted in commercial raspberry fields in California and Washington to evaluate alternatives to current fumigation practices in each region. In Washington, tarped bed fumigation with 1,3-dichlorpropene (1,3-D):chloropicrin (Telone C-35) performed as well as, and sometimes better than, the industry standard nontarped broadcast fumigation with Telone C-35 for the control of the soilborne pathogen Phytophthora rubi and the plant-parasitic nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. In one of the Washington trials, yield of raspberry grown in tarped bed-fumigated areas was 47% greater than the yield of plants grown in nontarped broadcast-fumigated areas. In California, a combination of chloropicrin:1,3-D (Pic-Clor 60) performed as well as the industry standard of methyl bromide:chloropicrin. Raspberry plants grown in soil fumigated with either of these fumigants were approximately 26% taller than plants grown in nonfumigated soil. Our results indicate that there are viable fumigation alternatives to the current fumigation systems used in Washington and California raspberry production systems.

CAL-CORE is a network of researchers, farmers, extension professionals, industry and non-profit organizations dedicated to furthering research into organic strawberry and vegetable production in coastal California. Formed 9 years ago, we have worked on a variety of fertility, pest and disease management issues facing organic growers. Currently, our main effort centers on vegetable/strawberry rotations and different options for fertility and disease management. In a replicated field trial we compare treatments across a range of sustainability criteria: crop yield, nitrogen cycling and losses, greenhouse gas emissions, disease incidence, biocontrol of insect pests, soil carbon pools, and economics. Main treatments are 2 versus 4 year rotations with different crop combinations believed to be either suppressive of a major soil borne disease (Verticillium wilt), or more profitable but more conducive to disease. Superimposed on the rotations are fertility treatments (legume/cereal cover crop only, legume/cereal cover crop + compost + additional fertility amendments, cereal cover crop + mustard seed meal, or untreated control) and in the two legume/cereal cover cropped treatments anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD, a promising option for controlling a range of soil borne diseases) is used for disease management prior to planting strawberries. Six network farmers also chose a sub-set of these treatments to test on their farms and compare to their own management practices. The study is in year 4 and all treatments at all locations are now planted to strawberries. Preliminary data show Verticillium wilt to be the major cause of yield loss in strawberry, and that ASD provided partial control, but mustard seed meal did not. Soil inorganic N pools are very dynamic with rapid release of nitrate from crop residues observed. Soil carbon is already declining in the bare fallow (no winter cover crop) treatment and in the 2 year rotation as compared to the 4 year rotation. This project will provide farmers with tools to improve their production systems, meet water quality regulations, and quantify climate-related impacts of these intensive organic systems.

The associated poor prognosis and potentially aggressive behavior of mantle cell lymphoma and its blastoid variants make differentiation from other non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas especially important. We present a case of mantle cell lymphoma with a marked leukemic component, which demonstrated both a typical nodular mantle cell pattern and Burkitt lymphoma within a single lymph node removed at the time of splenectomy. The presence of CD5, CD10, and Bcl-1 co-expression by immunohistochemistry and detectable t(11;14) and cMYC gene rearrangement by FISH analyses in the Burkitt region support a transformation of mantle cell lymphoma over a concomitant malignancy. A limited number of mantle cell lymphomas demonstrating dual t(11;14) and chromosome 8q24 cMYC gene rearrangements have been previously reported in the literature. They demonstrate an extremely aggressive course with a very poor prognosis. Although the accelerated terminal phase of this patient's clinical course mirrors these previous published cases; none have described the combined morphologic and immunophenotypic features of Burkitt lymphoma reported here. This case provides further support for the aggressive nature of these lymphomas and demonstrates the utility of flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and cytogenetic techniques in avoiding potential errors in their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

A new method of measuring fluid pressure using high intensity diagnostic ultrasound is proposed. The technique relies upon encapsulated microbubbles designed to fail at a specified acoustic intensity irrespective of bubble size. Upon exposure to ultrasound, the breaking bubbles exhibit a backscattered signal decay time constant that varies with ambient fluid pressure.

Journal Article The Use of a Road by Mammals Get access Albert C. Hawbecker Albert C. Hawbecker Watsonville, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 25, Issue 2, 25 May 1944, Page 196, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/25.2.196a Published: 25 May 1944