West Yangon Technological University

As Yangon, Myanmar’s largest city, continues to urbanize rapidly, the generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) is increasing at an alarming rate. The city’s uncontrolled waste dumping and improper disposal methods, particularly at poorly managed sites such as the Htain-Bin Waste Dump, pose severe health and environmental challenges. These sites release significant amounts of greenhouse gases and leachate, exacerbating the situation. This research explores Waste-to-Energy (WTE) technologies as a viable solution to address both waste management and energy shortages in Myanmar. The study evaluates various WTE conversion options, including incineration, biogas recovery, and others, to assess their potential in reducing the environmental impact of waste disposal. By examining the WTE policies and practices of other developing countries, the research identifies strategies that could be effectively adapted to Myanmar’s context. The findings highlight that, with proper implementation, WTE projects can significantly reduce reliance on landfills, decrease carbon emissions, and mitigate excessive methane production, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution to the challenges posed by waste management in Yangon.

This paper investigates the use of inserted resonators in designing microstrip patch array antenna for biomedical applications, such as respiratory rate detection. The purpose of this study is to analyze size and placement of resonator, and slots which influence the overall performance. The antenna was constructed by connecting two single microstrip patch antennas (11.7mm × 15.7 mm×1.6 mm) on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant (????r = 4.4) to form (26 mm × 50mm × 1.6 mm). It achieves a miniaturized design of the expected resonance frequency with directional polarization, and provides good gain and bandwidth. The simulations were operated using FEKO software. The results and size of antenna were compared with references designs. The antenna was also designed for a 5-6 GHz frequency range, making it suitable for ISM band (Industrial, Medical, and Science) band range, low-power wireless applications, including Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth, as well as robotic systems, low-noise amplifier (LNA), 5 G applications, and WiFi 6E standard applications.

The paper emphasizes on the analysis on wideband channel model for high speed wireless communication systems. The research problem in this study are based on the following concepts such as (i) Firstly, it is necessary to change to the appropriate physical devices that can support 5G system, (ii) It is required to design a channel that will adapt to the medium that will be convenient for the changed physical devices, and (iii) Mobile terminals that currently use 4G cannot be used in 5G system. The objectives in this study are - to analyze the existing channel model for mobile communication, to analyze the mathematical and dynamical model for wireless propagation channel, to implement the wireless propagation channel with specific purposes, to implement the optimized channel model performance, and to evaluate the performance of the developed channel design. The numerical analyses in this study are conducted by using MATLAB language. The research direction in this study are based on the channel system functions, and tapped delay-line models. The simulation results are confirmed that the 12 taps in this study for the high speed wireless communication system design.

The development of unmanned aircraft presents the challenge of designing structural components that are both lightweight and environmentally friendly, while maintaining high mechanical performance to withstand aerodynamic loads and protect internal systems. This study investigates the effect of resin type and fiber orientation on the fracture toughness and specific strength of composite materials reinforced with pineapple leaf fiber—an agricultural waste with renewable potential. An experimental approach was employed to quantitatively assess the influence of resin type and fiber orientation on the mechanical performance indicators. The result indicates that epoxy resin combined with 0° fiber orientation yields the highest fracture toughness at 31.66 MPa√m, while polyester resin with the same fiber orientation achieves the highest specific strength at 59,642.2 N.m/kg. These findings demonstrate that optimizing fiber orientation and resin selection significantly enhances the mechanical properties of natural fiber composites. Pineapple leaf fiber, when processed appropriately and paired with suitable resin systems, offers a promising, sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers in lightweight structural applications.

We perform three-dimensional simulations of an elastic plate heaving in a sinusoidal motion with different frequencies to explore the effects of the forcing heaving frequency on the hydrodynamic force generation and flow structures. It is aimed to simulate the motion of a rectangular elastic plate, representing a simplified flexible wing or fin, placed in an open water tank as in a corresponding experimental study. The top edge of the plate oscillates sinusoidally in water at rest. Simulations are conducted for the fluid structure interaction of an elastic plate with a special version of the open-source library C++ OpenFOAM, foam-extend-3.2. The plate oscillates at different heaving frequencies in a range of 3.5 Hz and 4.5 Hz. Experiments are carried out to validate our simulations. The results are in a good agreement with the experiment in terms of the representation of the resonant frequency and the induced hydrodynamic forces. It is found that the hydrodynamic force and propulsive efficiency are mainly affected by the elastic deformation and forcing heaving frequencies. The generated thrust is observed to be significantly enhanced at the resonant frequency, while the propulsive efficiency is increased at the heaving frequency which is greater than the resonant frequency. The results of our simulations point to the importance of resonant flapping frequency for considering the optimal heaving frequency to achieve the best performance and to get the improved thrust force, which are crucial for the locomotion of birds, insects, fishes, flapping-based micro air and underwater vehicles.

The paper presents the analysis on stability of digital control system for unmanned vehicle with numerical analysis. The objective of this study is mainly emphasized on the fulfillment of the advanced control techniques according to the fundamental concepts of digital control system approaches for unmanned aerial vehicle system design. The targeted unmanned aerial vehicle system was designed based on the simple construction under the idea of fixed wing flight system approaches. The stability analyses on unmanned aerial vehicle are vital role to enhance the real world applications. The background concepts on digital control system for stability analysis on dynamic control system like unmanned aerial vehicle system. The appropriate controller design for dynamic control system of unmanned aerial vehicle is vital role to analyze the accurate stability condition for reality. The implementation of numerical analysis on compensator design has been developed by using MATLAB. The physical parameters in these analyses are based on the experimental outcomes from the recent research works in dynamical system implementations. The mathematical approaches are very helpful for numerical analysis on compensator design for the unmanned aerial vehicles schemes. The simulation results confirm that the high performance stability test on unmanned aerial vehicle system has been met with the theoretical works.