Western Caspian University

ABSTRACT The pursuit of sustainable growth and ecological balance has become a central policy priority for OECD nations. While prior studies examined economic, technological, and environmental determinants of sustainability, the joint effect of macroeconomic policies, technological innovation, and institutional uncertainty remains underexplored. This study addressed this gap by investigating how monetary policy, fiscal policy, economic complexity, energy transition, green technology, and ESG uncertainty jointly influence green growth and ecological footprint over the period 2003 to 2022 in 17 OECD nations. To account for nonlinear and asymmetric relationships, advanced econometric methods, including quantile‐on‐quantile regression (QQ) and cross‐quantilogram (CQ) methods are employed. The results show that all six factors significantly promote green growth while reducing ecological footprint, indicating their complementary role in driving sustainable transformation. The results suggest the importance of integrating coordinated macroeconomic management, innovation‐driven technological strategies, and transparent ESG practices to support a low‐carbon transition. Policymakers are encouraged to implement green‐oriented monetary and fiscal policies, foster technological efficiency, and strengthen institutional accountability to achieve long‐term ecological stability. This study contributes to the literature by linking macroeconomic, technological, and environmental dimensions within a unified green growth framework, providing robust empirical evidence to guide policy design and promote sustainable development across OECD nations.

The rapid increase in global cooling demand, particularly in regions with high solar potential, has emphasized the urgent need for sustainable and electricity‑independent refrigeration technologies. In response to this challenge, this work proposes a novel solar‑assisted single‑effect Lithium Bromide–Water (LiBr/H₂O) absorption refrigeration system incorporating a supersonic ejector and a triple‑layer solar thermal storage unit. The design aims to maximize energy recovery and reduce operating cost through combined thermodynamic and thermoeconomic optimization. Governing mass and energy conservation equations are established and solved using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES). Energy, exergy, and cost assessments are performed for both ejector‑assisted and conventional configurations to quantify improvements in the Coefficient of Performance (COP), exergy efficiency, and component cost rate under various solar irradiation and generator temperatures. Results reveal that ejector integration enhances COP by 12.7% and exergy efficiency by 11.3%, while reducing total investment cost by 9% compared to the baseline cycle. The optimized configuration achieves coefficient of performance of 0.74 and solar coefficient of performance of 0.58 under solar irradiation of 973 W/m², confirming marked enhancements in thermodynamic efficiency, cost effectiveness, and overall system sustainability.

In the presented work, the molecular dynamics simulation and thermal conductivity mechanism of implantation of beta Ga 2 O 3 structure with hydrogen and helium ions with energy 100 eV were analyzed. The mechanism of the initial formation stages of gas-atom-gas clustering in the β-Ga 2 O 3 structure by proton and helium implantation was simulated using the LAMMPS package. The thermal conductivity is anisotropic in the crystal structure, and varies depending on the crystal orientation, with the highest conductivity observed along the k(001) direction. • Molecular dynamics simulation of β-Ga 2 O 3 under ion irradiation. • Anisotropic thermal conductivity with maximum along the [001] direction. • Direct observation of ion-to-molecule transition at 137.1 fs and 158.9 fs.