Widya Karya Catholic University

Stainless steel is an alloy steel with corrosion (rust) resistance properties. However, the good corrosion and wear resistance properties of stainless steel also require continuous improvement in its performance and service life, especially in highly aggressive environments. One approach to changing the material structure is by using a mixture based on natural carbon, such as robusta coffee grounds. Robusta coffee grounds will be converted into carbon using a pyrolysis process at a temperature of 1000°C with a holding time of 1 hour. This carbon will be used as a coating material on 316L stainless steel with a variety of pack carburizing and quenching processes and temperatures with a holding time of 1 hour, then it will undergo a testing process that includes: thermal conductivity testing, and corrosion rate testing. In the quenching process, the thermal conductivity value of 900°C has a thermal conductivity value of 20.556 W/m°C, 800°C has a thermal conductivity value of 19.669 W/m°C and a temperature of 700°C with a thermal conductivity value of 18.930 W/m°C. while in the pack carburizing process, the temperature of 900°C has a thermal conductivity value of 20.101 W/m°C, and 800° has a thermal conductivity value of 19.54684 W/m°C, while at 700°C the thermal conductivity value is 18.916 W/m°C. At the raw corrosion rate has a corrosion rate value of 7.614 mm/year, in the quenching process of 700°C has a corrosion rate of 12.781 mm/year, while the temperature of 900°C with a corrosion rate value of 18.401 mm/year, and in the pack carburizing process of 700°C has a corrosion rate value of 9.699 mm/year temperature 900°C with a corrosion rate value of 13.234 mm/year. The better process in thermal conductivity is quenching, because it has a faster time but has a high conductivity value, while for the best corrosion rate is the pack carburizing process because it has a smaller corrosion rate value compared to the quenching process

This study aims to evaluate the hydrogeological conditions of Pomalaa through analysis of groundwater flow patterns, groundwater level fluctuations, and water quality parameters. The methods used include geological and hydrogeological mapping, groundwater level measurements, and delineation of groundwater basins based on regional topography and lithological data. Water quality analysis was conducted by measuring temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and pH parameters. The study area consists of five main rock units, with three types of aquifers based on lithological characteristics, namely intergranular and fractured aquifers, low-yield aquifers, and rare aquifers. The results of the study show that groundwater flow patterns follow natural hydraulic gradients, but fluctuate due to environmental changes and mining activities. Several points show significant water quality degradation, with pH, TDS, and EC values exceeding drinking water thresholds. The water quality index shows variations from very good (57), good (49), poor (23), very poor (22), to unfit for drinking (48). The solution offered by this study is the need for mitigation strategies and sustainable water resource management, which is of utmost urgency to maintain ecosystem balance and ensure the availability of clean water for the community and industry in the future.

This Community Service Program aims to empower the Deo Gratias Catholic Writers Community (KPKDG) in Malang through assistance in creating Smart Psychospiritual based on Digital Edutainment. This activity is motivated by the increasing mental health problems among teenagers and the community's low ability to integrate spiritual literacy with digital technology. The implementation method includes six stages of assistance, namely training in psychospiritual writing, training in edutainment-based teaching techniques, social media creation and optimization, as well as training in psychospiritual content creation and edutainment-based training content. All activities are carried out collaboratively among lecturers, students, and community members, employing a participatory and reflective approach. The results of the activities showed a significant increase in the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of community members. KPKDG successfully mastered psychospiritual writing techniques, created active social media accounts (Instagram and TikTok), and produced ten digital spiritual content pieces that showcased the values of faith, hope, and inner healing. This program fosters a new awareness that spiritual literacy can be a means of social therapy and a medium for spreading faith in the digital age. The program not only enhances community capacity but also establishes a model of faith- and technology-based empowerment to strengthen the mental health of young people and foster an adaptive spiritual culture amid the challenges of digitalization. [Berdasarkan Kongres Asosiasi Perguruan Tinggi Katolik tahun 2024, kesehatan mental merupakan isu termutakhir yang harus ditanggulangi. Minimnya konten Rohani Katolik yang menunjukkan kepedulian terhadap kesehatan mental, menjadi permasalahan yang harus diselesaikan. Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan memberdayakan Komunitas Penulis Katolik Deo Gratias (KPKDG) Malang melalui pendampingan pembuatan Smart Psychospiritual berbasis Edutainment Digital. Kegiatan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya permasalahan kesehatan mental remaja dan rendahnya kemampuan komunitas dalam mengintegrasikan literasi rohani dengan teknologi digital. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi enam tahap pendampingan, yaitu pelatihan menulis psikospiritualitas, pelatihan teknik mengajar berbasis edutainment, pembuatan dan optimalisasi media sosial, serta pelatihan pembuatan konten psikospiritual dan pelatihan konten pelatihan berbasis edutainment. Seluruh kegiatan dilakukan secara kolaboratif antara dosen, mahasiswa, dan anggota komunitas dengan pendekatan partisipatif dan reflektif. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada aspek pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan sikap anggota komunitas. KPKDG berhasil menguasai teknik menulis psikospiritual, memiliki akun media sosial aktif (Instagram dan Tiktok), serta memproduksi sepuluh konten digital rohani yang menampilkan nilai-nilai iman, harapan, dan penyembuhan batin. Program ini menumbuhkan kesadaran baru bahwa literasi rohani dapat menjadi sarana terapi sosial dan media pewartaan iman di era digital. Program ini tidak hanya meningkatkan kapasitas komunitas, tetapi juga melahirkan model pemberdayaan berbasis iman dan teknologi untuk memperkuat kesehatan mental remaja dan membangun budaya spiritual yang adaptif di tengah tantangan digitalisasi.]

The increasing demand for efficient and scalable digital tools in agriculture has led to the development of modular mobile applications capable of dynamically adapting to user needs and environmental constraints. This paper presents a mobile smart farming application built using Dynamic Feature Modules (DFMs), enabling on-demand feature delivery to reduce initial download size, optimize resource usage, and enhance performance. The system integrates IoT-based environmental monitoring, AI-driven plant disease detection, and market analytics through a modular architecture that supports seamless feature expansion. Performance evaluation was conducted under controlled 4 G network conditions (15 Mbps average throughput) on mid-range Android devices, measuring execution latency, memory footprint, and module delivery efficiency. The technical evaluation shows that the base module size was reduced to 15.1 MB from 48.7 MB in a monolithic build, with average load times of 1.2 seconds for the core module and 1.1 to 2.3 seconds for on-demand modules. Stability tests confirmed consistent CPU and memory usage, while backend API response times averaged 0.8 seconds. User engagement also improved due to contextual feature prompting and personalized access. These results demonstrate that DFM-based modularization enhances scalability, maintainability, and user experience for future smart agriculture platforms.

Abstrak. Guna mengoptimalkan penggunaan benih yang merupakan komponen biaya input terbesar dalam budidaya kedelai, diperlukan mesin singulasi benih yang mempunyai unjuk kerja tinggi, terjangkau, dan sesuai untuk kondisi di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan mengevaluasi kinerja mesin singulasi benih kedelai dengan disk vertikal berdiameter 118 mm yang dilengkapi seed cell sesuai dimensi rata-rata benih kedelai (8,8 mm × 7,4 mm × 6 mm). Bentuk seed cell disesuaikan dengan sifat gesekan benih kedelai dan permukaan PETG sebagai material disk. Desain disk vertikal dapat meminimalkan kerusakan benih saat pengambilan, dibandingkan desain dengan screw. Mesin singulasi terdiri atas hopper penampung benih dan kontainer pengambilan benih satu per satu oleh seed cell di sekeliling disk. Disk digerakkan motor stepper dengan kecepatan putar variabel yang dikontrol presisi oleh mikrokontroler Arduino Uno R3. Evaluasi dilakukan pada kecepatan putar disk 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, dan 5 rpm. Hasil terbaik mencapai 100% singulasi atau Miss Index nol pada rentang 5 rpm kebawah dengan kecepatan linier permukaan disk 0,11 km/jam atau kurang. Penanaman benih presisi ini menghilangkan benih multiple dan missing pada skala laboratorium. Performance Testing of a Vertical Disc-Based Soybean Seed Singulation Machine with Variable Speed Control Utilizing a Stepper Motor Abstract. To optimize the use of seeds, which are the largest input cost component in soybean cultivation, a seed singulation machine with high performance, affordability, and suitability for conditions in Indonesia is required. The objective of this research is to design and evaluate the performance of a soybean seed singulation machine with a 118 mm diameter vertical disk equipped with seed cells according to the average dimensions of soybean seeds (8.8 mm × 7.4 mm × 6 mm). The shape of the seed cell is adjusted to the frictional properties of soybean seeds and the PETG surface as the disk material. The vertical disk design can minimize seed damage during pickup, compared to a screw design. The singulation machine consists of a seed hopper and a container for individual seed pickup by the seed cells around the disk. The disk is driven by a stepper motor with variable rotational speed precisely controlled by an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller. Evaluation was conducted at disk rotational speeds of 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 rpm. The best result achieved 100% singulation or a zero Miss Index in the range of 5 rpm and below, with a disk surface linear speed of 0.11 km/h or less. This precision seed planting eliminates multiple and missing seeds on a laboratory scale.

Candlenut shell is an organic waste that has a hard texture and has a high carbon element. The amount of candlenut shell produced from each processing of candlenut seeds is very large but has not been optimally utilized. For this reason, an effort is needed to utilize candlenut shells so that they do not become waste. In the manufacture of hazelnut shell briquettes, hazelnut shells are carbonized at 500 °, sifted with mesh 30 and 100 sieves, given a compressive load of 3 kg, 4 kg, 5 kg and 5.5 kg, the adhesive on hazelnut shell briquettes is starch and drying is carried out with a drying oven for 3 hours at a temperature of 80 °. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in pressure and particle size on the quality of hazelnut shell briquettes when viewed from the combustion rate and calorific value. The methodology used in this research is experimentation on hazelnut shell briquettes, testing hazelnut shell briquettes including testing water content, testing ash content, burning rate and calorific value of briquettes. From the results of the research on hazelnut shell briquettes with variations in pressure and mesh, the highest calorific value in hazelnut shell raw material briquettes is in the 5.5 Kg pressure specimen on mesh 30, namely 9855.18 Cal/gram and the bomb calorimeter test results are 7008.03 Cal/gram with an error rate of 24.40%, the higher the pressure will produce a higher calorific value as well. The highest combustion rate value is in hazelnut shell briquettes at a pressure specimen of 3 Kg mesh 100 with a value of 1.2 grams/minute the smaller the particle size, the higher or faster the combustion rate.

This research intends to map floods in the Juana Watershed. However, the flood disaster in the Seluna River system started when the flood land was developed for residential areas, agriculture as well as industry, so the damage potency due to the flood will increase. Along with the increasing of population number and density, the social impact that is more serious than flood will follow – like the threat of loss of life. The impact is the management of flood risk becomes more complex and expensive. The methodology for flood mapping consists of the assessment of flood index, vulnerability, and capacity. Determination of flood hazard index is carried out based on the classification of inundation depth. The process is carried out by using spatial calculation, so it can produce the risk map and grid value that can be used in arranging the explanation of the risk map. The result of flood mapping is hoped to be able to support the model development of flood risk management towards the area layout.

Hybrid learning, an educational approach that amalgamates traditional face-to-face instruction with technological tools, has emerged as a pivotal strategy in higher education. Contemporary pedagogical theories such as constructivism, active learning, and humanistic approaches play integral roles in shaping hybrid learning frameworks. The integration of technology within educational settings fosters a comprehensive and student-centric learning environment. Proficiency in learning design principles, motivation theories, and online learning paradigms is imperative for comprehending the intricacies of hybrid learning methodologies. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive methodology to explore students' comprehension of hybrid learning within higher education contexts. The participants of this study are first-semester English students enrolled at Widya Karya Catholic University. The research aims to offer valuable insights into pedagogical discourse and the implementation of hybrid learning strategies within higher education institutions. By shedding light on students' perspectives and experiences, this research endeavors to contribute significantly to the advancement of pedagogical practices and the refinement of hybrid learning methodologies in higher education settings.

This research aims to analyze financial ratios to assess the financial performance of companies in Advertising, Printing and Media Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2017-2021 Period. This type of research is a case study using secondary data. The population was 20 companies, sampling using the purposive sampling method selected 4 companies as samples. Library study data collection methods and documentation data collection techniques, as well as quantitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of the financial ratio analysis of the company that has the best Current Ratio value is PT Jasuindo Tiga Perkasa Tbk, the best Cash Ratio value is PT Surya Citra Media Tbk, the best Debt to Asset Ratio value is PT Surya Citra Media Tbk, the best Debt to Equity Ratio value PT Surya Citra Media Tbk, the best Return On Asset value PT Surya Citra Media Tbk, the best Net Profit Margin value PT Surya Citra Media Tbk, the best Receivable Turnover value PT Link Net Tbk, the best Total Asset Turnover value PT Jasuindo Tiga Perkasa Tbk, the best Price Earning Ratio value for PT Link Net Tbk, and the best Price To Book Value for PT Link Net Tbk.

Nickel mining operations can significantly impact groundwater quality by releasing metallic contaminants. This study aims to quantify metal concentrations in groundwater quality changes at nickel mining sites in Pomalaa District, Kolaka Regency. The study employs the Wenner configuration geoelectric technique and Pollution Index (IP) to assess metal pollution in groundwater. Geoelectric data, log borings, laboratory results of groundwater quality, and regional geological maps were used in the study. Water sample analysis detected toxic elements such as Aluminum, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Copper, Hexavalent Chromium, Nickel, Cobalt, Cadmium, and Lead. Geoelectric analysis shows that groundwater is generally found within fracture zones of igneous and metamorphic rocks at depths between 2 and 100 meters. The Pollution Index (IP) categorized the groundwater samples as moderately contaminated, failing to meet drinking water quality standards. The analysis suggests that the groundwater originates from fissures in ultramafic rock, with significant metal contamination detected in groundwater wells. Metal content in groundwater occurs due to the interaction between rocks and groundwater. The study results also show that the groundwater pollution index is in the light category. However, the levels of heavy metals mean that groundwater cannot be directly used to fulfill needs. Further processing of groundwater is necessary so that groundwater can be used.