William Paterson University

Software engineering education must be guided by developments in software engineering and aim for professional and educational development of students. This position paper explores the historical and conceptual evolution of software engineering as a discipline central to modern integrated design, software systems, and process science, tracing the trajectory from early structured models, through waterfall, to Agile and AI-augmented paradigms, and looks at how changes in application mix and modes of use, technological complexity, and business and enterprise needs have shaped development methodologies. Special attention is paid to the role of generative AI on the software engineering process and the role of the software engineer, altering workflows, collaboration, and enterprise architectures, and further enabling automation, digital transformation, and autonomous systems, shifting responsibilities and skill sets upwards. The article then considers corresponding shifts in software engineering education, highlighting the need for curricula that intertwine process thinking, systems theory, and ethical engagement, integrate with generative AI technologies, and place greater emphasis on “soft skills”, in courses that combine development of professional expertise with conceptual capabilities and an enhanced capacity for life-long learning. It then presents a set of requirements, options, and guidelines for software engineering education in the era of generative AI.

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the privileges and consequences of bidialectalism for Black Americans, focusing on the interplay between Black English (BE) and Standard American English (SAE). Seeking to find what are the benefits of bidialectalism for Black Americans this study employs narrative inquiry as its methodology, incorporating personal anecdotes, vignettes, and scholarly perspectives to highlight the significance of preserving one’s home language while navigating the societal expectations tied to SAE. Findings indicate that the deliberate and strategic practices of codeswitching and/or code-meshing among participants reveals BE as a means of establishing and maintaining relationships within the Black community, serving as a marker of identity, community, and resilience. Conversely, SAE is employed to seek validation and credibility in professional spaces and, at times, when communicating with individuals outside of the Black community. These linguistic adaptations functions as both a tool for social mobility and a potential source of cultural tension, underscoring the emotional, social, and professional complexities of code-switching, in particular, including issues of authenticity and belonging. This study contributes to the broader conversation on language, power, and identity, advocating for the recognition of linguistic diversity and the validation of Black English as a legitimate and valuable form of communication.

ABSTRACT Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a severe and prevalent disorder among older adults. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is recommended treatment for GAD, but older adults benefit less than younger peers. Physical exercise has been suggested to improve treatment efficacy. We aimed to determine the efficacy of augmenting CBT with physical exercise for older adults with GAD. This randomised controlled trial included 50 participants (mean [SD] age 66.52 [4.09] years; 39 [78%] female) with GAD. Participants received individual CBT and were randomised to either physical exercise or telephone attention placebo. The main outcome measure was self-reported worry on the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Secondary outcome measures were clinician-rated remission and self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Although the interaction between time and condition was statistically nonsignificant, moderation analysis revealed that this interaction was significant for participants with low treatment credibility to CBT at baseline. Participants randomised to physical exercise were five times more likely to achieve reliable long-term worry-reduction than placebo control. We found significant differences in favour of physical exercise for secondary measures of depression and anxiety. Participants with better cognitive inhibition at baseline were more likely to achieve clinician-rated remission. Findings suggest that physical exercise augments CBT for older adults with GAD.

Many new psychedelic religious organizations have recently emerged in the United States. These psychedelic churches operate in a legal gray area, which provides job opportunities not just for lawyers but also for philosophers of religion. To gain legal permission to use psychedelics, these churches need philosophically well-developed doctrines. Philosophers of religion can help develop these psychedelic doctrines. Looking at the law from a philosophical perspective, I derive six criteria which these psychedelic doctrines should satisfy. As an illustration, I show how a modernized Platonism can satisfy these criteria. Just as bioethicists can help in the practice of medicine, so philosophers of religion can help with the legal proceedings of new psychedelic churches.