Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau

Emergency groundwater supply is crucial for maintaining regional stability and supporting the livelihoods of both urban and rural populations during disaster events. Given the variety of natural disasters in China and the existing deficiencies in rapid water source detection, this paper focuses on developing advanced groundwater surveying technologies and decision support systems to expedite post-disaster water restoration. We propose a Space-Aerial-Ground (SAG) integrated technology framework that synergizes multi-source remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (GIS), and geophysical prospecting. By incorporating multiple data sources, including RS, geological, and hydrological datasets, a rapid assessment model targeting groundwater potential was created through multi-criteria decision analysis. Coupled with a targeted approach combining unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) reconnaissance and geophysical profiling, this allows for precisely identifying groundwater storage spaces and strategically placing emergency wells in disaster-affected areas. To facilitate its operation, a software platform called the Intelligent Survey and Rapid Analysis System of Groundwater Sources (GISRAS), featuring analytical positioning and field adaptability, was engineered with modular capabilities. Extensive testing of this framework and technical suite across a range of typical disaster scenarios has produced promising results in terms of reliability and performance. This research provides a validated, rapid, and accurate solution for groundwater exploration under extreme conditions, significantly enhancing China’s emergency water supply capabilities.

The origin of uranium-series imbalance and radiogenic lead excess has long been a subject of debate. Here, based on a novel theory of neutrino oscillation-induced radioactive decay and magma formation, a unified mechanism is proposed to explain uranium-series imbalance, radiogenic lead excess, and excess argon formation. This mechanism indicates that magma originates from the upper mantle, formed by the melting of its constituent materials due to accelerated radioactive decay induced by atmospheric neutrino oscillations. During magma formation, radioactive decay rates typically increase due to Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) resonance perturbations from neutrino oscillations. This effect causes radioactive isotopes to decay over a shorter period than their normal half-lives would suggest, resulting in overestimated ages based on decay laws. Consequently, radioactive daughter isotopes and radiogenic isotopes become enriched relative to their parent isotopes. The accelerated melting of radioactive materials due to increased decay rates means that both the excess of radioactive daughter isotopes and radiogenic isotopes accompany the magma formation process. When using radiometric dating, careful consideration of the mineral's formation environment is essential. Generally, minerals formed in the crust or at the Earth's surface exhibit relatively normal radiometric ages, whereas minerals formed in the mantle or glassy materials solidified from magma tend to show radiometric ages that are older to varying degrees.

A novel corrugated steel-reinforced concrete pipe that enhances electromagnetic shielding performance compared to the conventional reinforced concrete power pipes is developed and presented in this paper. In order to investigate the pipe’s behaviour under jacking and service conditions, the critical axial compression and flexural moment distributions were represented by two separate flat segments of a circular pipe cross-section, respectively. A total of six column specimens were designed for axial compression testing, while another four beam specimens were prepared for four-point bending tests to examine the bending behaviour. Prior to testing, all specimens were subjected to standard curing, and the material properties of steel and concrete were determined via standard tests. The load versus deformation curves of column specimens, the moment versus deflection curves of beam specimens, and the corresponding failure modes were obtained from the tested specimens. It was revealed that the load-carrying capacities of the corrugated steel-reinforced concrete cross-sections were comparable to those of the conventional reinforced concrete counterparts. Advanced finite element (FE) models incorporating the mechanical properties of encased corrugated steel plates (CSPs) and the damage development of concrete were developed and were validated against the experimental failure modes and load-carrying capacities. Based on both experimental and numerical results, the load-carrying capacity of corrugated steel-reinforced concrete cross-sections was evaluated by referring to Chinese standard GB/T 11836 and American standard ASTM C76. The experimental and numerical finding can pave the way for further research and applications of this novel type of corrugated steel-reinforced concrete pipe.

Methods This narrative review drew on targeted searches of PubMed/MEDLINE and arXiv (January 2020–October 2025), verification of peer-reviewed versions via ACL Anthology for selected preprints, and citation tracking of seminal literature. In this review, we trace the methodological evolution from rules to encoder-based models and LLMs, propose a multidimensional evaluation framework for real-world deployment—which includes accuracy, structural quality, human-in-the-loop effort, stability, and compliance—and develop an operational governance checklist to support auditable and reproducible implementations. Using representative tasks—diagnosis extraction, medication records, clinical trial data, and phenotype integration—we summarize the improvements and failure modes of LLM-based extraction and analyze key challenges, including domain shift, factual “hallucinations,” privacy and regulatory constraints, and cost/latency trade-offs. Finally, we outline future directions through which multimodal and cross-lingual extensions, human–machine collaborative annotation, and standardized reporting practices can advance precision medicine and sustainable, high-quality clinical research.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a life–threatening disease characterized by red blood cell (RBC) destruction, blood clots, and impaired bone marrow function. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of 3 dosages of MY008211A, a novel complement factor B inhibitor, for treating PNH. This was a multicenter, open–label, phase 2, dose–finding study of MY008211A among Chinese men and women with complement inhibitor–naive PNH and signs of active hemolysis. Patients with hemoglobin <100 g/L were assigned to oral MY008211A 400 mg twice daily (BID), 600 mg BID, or 800 mg once daily (QD) for 12 weeks and could then continue treatment with 400 mg BID during a 32–week extension. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving an increase in hemoglobin concentration of ≥20 g/L vs baseline on day (D)84, without RBC transfusions after 4 weeks of dosing. Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs). Fifteen, 9, and 10 patients were assigned to MY008211A 400 mg BID, 600 mg BID, and 800 mg QD, respectively. All patients completed the study and its 32–week extension. On D84, all 34 patients achieved increases in hemoglobin concentration of ≥20 g/L from baseline; all patients maintained this increase at D308. Through D308, grade ≥3 AEs occurred in 5 (33%), 5 (56%), and 4 (40%) patients in the 400–, 600–, and 800–mg groups, respectively. There were no deaths. In this multicenter, open–label study of 3 dosages of MY008211A for PNH, all patients achieved and maintained increases in hemoglobin of ≥20 g/L from baseline without RBC transfusions.