Xian Mental Health Center

This study aims to address the challenge of high dropout rates during the absolute bed rest period of Morita therapy in clinical practice in China. It explores the integration of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) theory and techniques to enhance the operability and completion rate of this critical phase, while preserving the core therapeutic mechanisms of Morita therapy. The research examines the common ground between Morita therapy, ACT, and DBT in core concepts such as acceptance, action orientation, and psychological flexibility, as well as their potential shared biological mechanisms (e.g., modulating the default mode network, facilitating prediction error learning, and promoting neuroplasticity). By reviewing the current state of clinical practice in China, it analyses the underlying causes of implementation difficulties during the absolute bed rest period (e.g., patient psychological characteristics, socio-cultural background, and healthcare system constraints). A structured operational framework is proposed, integrating specific ACT and DBT techniques - such as cognitive defusion, mindfulness, values clarification, and distress tolerance skills - into the different stages of the absolute bed rest period. The integrated framework provides patients with operable, structured skill-based support during the absolute bed rest period. It facilitates the progressive development of awareness, enhances acceptance capacity, improves distress tolerance, and fosters a connection with personal values. This framework not only has the potential to reduce dropout rates but also deepens patients' understanding and practice of the Morita therapy philosophy of 'accepting reality as it is.' It offers a new theoretical foundation and practical pathway for the effective implementation of Morita therapy within the Chinese cultural context. The integration of ACT and DBT techniques shows promise in enhancing the clinical feasibility and patient completion rate of the absolute bed rest period in Morita therapy. It achieves this by adapting to the psychological characteristics and socio-cultural realities of Chinese patients while preserving core therapeutic mechanisms, such as facilitating 'sudden insight' and awakening life energy. Future directions include the development of a structured operational manual and validation of its efficacy through randomised controlled trials, thereby promoting the deeper integration and application of Morita therapy in contemporary mental health practice.

UDCA is a natural steroid in bear bile, which has important medicinal value. It is used to treat hepatobiliary diseases in clinic. Due to its unique molecular skeleton, UDCA has a wide range of biological activities, special target and low toxicity, and is considered to be a powerful structural mother nucleus, which has attracted more and more researchers’ attention and become the focus of attention again. So far, UDCA derivatives with diverse structures have been designed and their biological activities have been extensively studied. In this paper, the pharmacological activities, biosynthesis and structural modification of UDCA were systematically discussed. It is believed that with the deepening of research, more UDCA derivatives with better medicinal properties will become drugs and better serve human health.

Knee joint stiffness occurs and severely limits its range of motion (ROM) after facture around the knee. During mobility training, knee joints need to be flexed to the maximum angle position (maxAP) that can induce pain at an appropriate level in order to pull apart intra-articular adhesive structures while avoiding secondary injuries. However, the maxAP varies with training and is mostly determined by the pain level of patients. In this study, the feasibility of utilizing electromyogram (EMG) activities to detect maxAP was investigated. Specifically, the maxAP detection was converted into a binary classification between pain level three of the numerical rating scales (pain) and below (painless) according to clinical requirements. Firstly, 12 post-fracture patients with knee joint stiffness participated in Experiment I, with a therapist performing routine mobility training and EMG signals being recorded from knee flexors and extensors. The results showed that the extracted EMG features were significantly different between the pain and painless states. Then, the maxAP estimation performance was tested on a knee rehabilitation robot in Experiment II, with another seven patients being involved. The support vector machine and random forest models were used to classify between pain and painless states and obtained a mean accuracy of 87.90% ± 4.55% and 89.10% ± 4.39%, respectively, leading to an average estimation bias of 6.5° ± 5.1° and 4.5° ± 3.5°. These results indicated that the pain-induced EMG can be used to accurately classify pain states for the maxAP estimation in post-fracture mobility training, which can potentially facilitate the application of robotic techniques in fracture rehabilitation.

Glaucoma is a serious eye disease characterized by damage to the optic nerve, potentially leading to severe vision loss or even blindness. Lowering IOP is a crucial strategy in managing the disease. Although trabeculectomy is considered the gold standard in conventional treatment for preventing vision loss, surgical interventions often face challenges such as poor prognosis, high failure rates, and complications. Consequently, pharmacological treatment remains a main method in the management of glaucoma. The efficacy of drug therapy is hindered by the ocular barrier, which impedes drug penetration into the eye to reach the target tissues, resulting in low drug bioavailability. Composite nano-in-micro drug delivery systems as a solution, capable of simultaneously addressing issues such as poor ocular barrier penetration, surface adhesion, and bioavailability. This review explores different fabrication methods, materials, and design strategies for composite nano-in-micro drug delivery systems aimed at treating glaucoma. The review concludes that composite drug delivery systems hold promise as an effective strategy to enhance the bioavailability of glaucoma medications and extend drug release duration. Furthermore, these Composite systems offer innovative approaches to gene and targeted therapy, opening new avenues for the treatment of glaucoma.

ABSTRACT Fahr’s disease (FD) is a rare neurological disorder that causes abnormal, symmetrical, and bilateral calcification of the basal ganglia and other brain regions. Psychiatric symptoms are one of the many manifestations that guide FD diagnosis, with most usually occurring by ages 30–60 years. Herein, we report an incidental finding of bilateral basal ganglia calcification in a 14-year-old male teenager presenting psychotic characteristics, including schizophreniform and manic-like symptoms, who was initially investigated for mycoplasma infection. No similar study has been reported so far in the literature. Case report and literature review. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a calcification deposit in bilateral basal ganglia, thalamus, frontal cortex, and semioval center, magnetic resonance imaging detected a T1-weighted image and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense signal abnormalities in the bilateral basal ganglia and thalami. Furthermore, the laboratory tests revealed no obvious abnormality except for hypocalcemia and low vitamin D levels with an elevated uric acid level. The gene test results confirmed the diagnosis of familial FD, which was caused by a mutation in the SLC20A2 gene (NM_001257180.2:c.551delC/p.Pro184Glnfs *8). The patient was prescribed oral medication, including olanzapine, sodium valproate extended-release tablets, lorazepam, and vitamin D drops. Additionally, individualized administration with therapeutic drug monitoring was recommended for the patient to enable dose adjustments. The patient experienced no new psychotic symptoms within the 6-month follow-up after discharge. Bilateral basal ganglia calcification may be a contributing factor to the sudden onset of psychiatric symptoms in children and adolescents.

Game development in the industry is increasingly in need of immersion and personalization for players. As one of the transformative technologies, AI redesigns the way to design a game and interacts with dynamic narrative generation, emotional interaction, and personalized gameplays. This study systematically explores the use of AI in game design and its potential influence from the following three respects: dynamic narrative, emotional AI, and personalized player experience. The authors of this paper have investigated the application of machine learning algorithms, neural networks, and data – driven models for the establishment of how much AI contributes to improving the degree of players’ immersion and satisfaction, and discussed some future development directions.

Left-behind children in China face challenges in sleep patterns, technology use, and mental health. This study uses an individual-centered approach to derive behavioral profiles associated with depressive symptoms. Data from 131,586 left-behind children aged 8 to 18 years from the Chinese Psychological Health Guard for Children and Adolescents Project were analyzed. Participants were recruited from 569 centers across schools, community institutes, orphanages, and children's hospitals throughout China. Latent class analysis was conducted using weekday and weekend sleep duration and smartphone use as indicators. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Four distinct classes emerged: Sufficient Sleep Low Users (23.6%), Moderate Sleep Medium Users (25.2%), Limited Sleep High Users (22.1%), and Healthy Sleep Low Users (29.2%). Significant differences in CES-D scores were found between classes (F(3, 131579) = 4929, p <.001, η² = 0.101). The Limited Sleep High Users class reported the highest levels of depressive symptoms (M = 11.60, SE = 0.0658), while the Sufficient Sleep Low Users class reported the lowest (M = 3.67, SE = 0.0346). A linear relationship between sleep duration and depressive symptoms was observed. Significant weekday-weekend differences in smartphone use were noted in the unhealthy categories. This study reveals complex associations between sleep patterns, smartphone use, and depressive symptoms among left-behind children. The identified behavioral profiles provide insights into population heterogeneity and inform targeted intervention strategies. Findings emphasize the importance of addressing both sleep and technology use in mental health initiatives for this vulnerable population.