Yancheng Third People's Hospital

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common three-dimensional spinal misalignment, with its impact often extending into adulthood and presenting a range of long-term health challenges. This review focuses on the long-term management strategies for adult patients with AIS and explores the unique physiological event of pregnancy and its influence on disease progression, clinical symptoms, and treatment decisions. We systematically analyze the natural history of adult AIS, the evolution of pain and functional impairment, and radiographic progression patterns. Special emphasis is placed on biomechanical changes of the spine and pelvis during pregnancy and postpartum, pain management approaches, delivery mode selection, and potential effects on offspring. By integrating current evidence and recent research findings, this review synthesizes key insights: the progression of AIS in adulthood is typically slow but can be exacerbated by factors such as significant curve magnitude at skeletal maturity; pregnancy does not consistently accelerate curve progression but may intensify pain and functional limitations, necessitating tailored multidisciplinary management; and evidence supports that most women with AIS can undergo vaginal delivery without increased obstetric risk, while anesthetic and analgesic planning requires careful consideration of spinal anatomy. This review aims to provide evidence-based guidance and clinical recommendations for comprehensive lifelong health management of this special patient population.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe trauma to the central nervous system (CNS), involving complex pathological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, demyelination, and scar formation. During SCI progression, ongoing myelin degeneration leads to the release of myelin debris, which directly inhibits neural regeneration and impairs functional recovery following the injury. Moreover, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) infiltrate the injured site and extensively phagocytose myelin debris, transforming into lipid-laden foam cells. These foam cells accumulate at the lesion core, significantly promoting fibrotic scar formation. To address these challenges, we developed a composite scaffold consisting of a foam cell membrane-coated polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membrane that was integrated with a dual-matrix human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM) hydrogel. A comprehensive evaluation combining material characterization, in vitro assays, and in vivo assessment using a Sprague–Dawley rat spinal cord defect model demonstrated that the scaffold retains the bioactive properties of HAAM, effectively clearing myelin debris and mitigating foam cell accumulation while concurrently promoting neural regeneration following SCI. The proposed novel biomaterial-based strategy offers a promising approach to addressing the persistent accumulation of myelin debris after SCI.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a prevalent pediatric tumor, accounting for over 15% of cancer-related fatalities in children. Super-enhancers (SEs), as pivotal cis-regulatory elements known for driving oncogene expression across various tumors, may serve as an innovative strategy for deciphering NB pathogenesis. Here, we meticulously analyzed epigenomic and transcriptomic data to delineate the distinct SE landscape in NB. Our study identified a NB-specific and NB-common SE at the MAB21L2 locus. Functional analyses further underlined MAB21L2's oncogenic role in NB, linking its high expression to poor patient outcomes. MAB21L2 knockdown strikingly inhibited the growth of NB tumor cells in vitro and reduced their proliferation in vivo. Notably, through RNA-seq analysis and experimental verification, we demonstrated that MAB21L2 substantially enhanced the migratory capacity of NB cells. Collectively, these findings underscore the indispensable role of the super-enhancer-MAB21L2 axis in the pathogenesis of NB and provide mechanistic insights into NB progression.

Objective: To investigate the anti-atherosclerosis effect of chikusetsusaponin IV (CSIV) against high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in rats. Methods: A high-fat diet was used for the induction of atherosclerosis in rats, and the rats received oral CSV or atorvastatin. The body weight, organ weights, food intake, calorie intake, lipid parameters, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA)/mevalonate ratio, collagen, free fatty acid, cardiac parameters, apolipoprotein (A and B), antioxidant parameters, inflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory parameters were assessed. The mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β ( IL- β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL -6, IL -17, PI3K , AKT , and mTOR were estimated. Results: CSV significantly modulated food intake, body weight, organ weight (liver, kidney, and heart), and calories ( P <0.05). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cardiovascular risk index-1, and cardiovascular risk index-2 were decreased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and anti-atherogenic index were increased significantly in the CSV group ( P <0.05). Besides, CSV significantly restored the level of HMG-CoA/mevalonate ratio, collagen, free fatty acid, cardiac parameters (creatinine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, cTnT, cTnI), apolipoprotein (apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B), antioxidant parameters (MDA, CAT, GPx, GSH, SOD), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10), inflammatory parameters (COX-2, TGF-β, NF-κB), intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. CSV also decreased the mRNA expression of IL-1β , TNF -α, IL -6, IL -17, PI3K , AKT , and mTOR . Conclusions: This study showed the anti-atherosclerosis effect of CSV against high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in rats via alteration of NF-κB/COX-2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

BACKGROUNDThe liver represents a common site of distant metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). Conventional chemotherapy (CMT) presents limited efficacy for EC, and EC patients with liver metastases typically experience a poor prognosis, highlighting an urgent need to explore novel treatment approaches. This study evaluated the overall efficacy and safety of CMT vs CMT combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of EC patients with liver metastases. Furthermore, prognostic factors influencing outcomes in this patient population were identified.AIMTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line chemoimmunotherapy for EC patients with liver metastases and to analyze prognostic factors.METHODSThis retrospective study included 126 EC patients with liver metastases at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between 2014 and 2024. Patients receiving CMT were compared with those receiving CMT + ICI. Analyzed variables included clinicopathological features, treatment history, characteristics of metastasis, systemic and local treatments, overall survival (OS), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Prognostic factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression models. Finally, efficacy outcomes and TRAE profiles were compared between the two groups.RESULTSA significant difference in median OS was identified between the two groups (10.8 months in the CMT group vs 20.8 months in the CMT + ICI group, P = 0.004). The CMT + ICI group also demonstrated a significantly longer median progression-free survival of 11.7 months (P < 0.001). Patients receiving combination therapy exhibited significantly improved systemic objective response rate and disease control rate. Multivariate analysis identified key factors significantly influencing OS in EC patients with liver metastases: Karnofsky Performance Status score ≥ 70, receipt of local therapy for liver metastases, and the number of cycles of CMT and immunotherapy received. Furthermore, the incidence of TRAEs did not significantly differ between the CMT + ICI and CMT groups.CONCLUSIONFor EC patients with liver metastases, the combination of CMT and ICIs demonstrates significantly superior efficacy compared with CMT alone, while maintaining manageable TRAEs.

Artificial intelligence has achieved key technological breakthroughs in neural network, deep learning, precision analysis and other aspects, providing guidance and support for the technical barriers of acupuncture and moxibustion in basic research. Starting from the necessary links of literature and experimental exploration in the basic research of acupuncture and moxibustion, this paper analyzes the current acupuncture-moxibustion research mode and existing problems, summarizes the integrating points in the application artificial intelligence technology, and provides the basis and reference for the application prospect of artificial intelligence technology in basic research of acupuncture and moxibustion.

ObjectiveRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a widely used enhancement therapy for schizophrenia, but there are few controlled studies on the combination of rTMS and amisulpride enhancement therapy. The aim of this study is to explore the value of rTMS combined with amisulpride enhanced olanzapine therapy for resistant treatment-refractory schizophrenia (TRS) patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis based on records of TRS patients who received amisulpride enhanced olanzapine treatment at the Third People’s Hospital of Yongkang City from December 2022 to September 2023. Patients are divided into rTMS group and Non-rTMS group based on whether they receive combined rTMS treatment. We examined the patient’s Positive and Negative Symptom Rating Scale (PANSS) scores, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) scores, World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and incidence of adverse events.ResultsAfter treatment, the scores of PANSS in both groups significantly decreased, and the rTMS group was lower than the Non-rTMS group (P<0.05); The scores of RBANS and WHOQOL-BREF in both groups significantly increased (P<0.05); Except for the attention sub item, all other sub scores in the rTMS group were higher than those in the Non-rTMS group (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in the total number of adverse events between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsThe combination of rTMS and amisulpride to enhance olanzapine treatment for TRS may offer potential benefits in symptom management, cognitive function, and quality of life.Core tiprTMS is a widely used treatment method for schizophrenia. This study found that rTMS combined with amisulpride enhanced olanzapine treatment for TRS can significantly improve patients’ symptoms, cognitive function, and quality of life, with tolerability and safety.

BackgroundTriggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial receptor genetically linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and increasingly recognized as a key regulator of neuroinflammation, yet its global research landscape in AD remains unclear.ObjectiveIn the central nervous system, TREM2 expressed on microglia is closely related to the occurrence and development of AD and has been extensively studied in recent years. However, there is still a lack of bibliometric analysis regarding TREM2 and AD.MethodsWe searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for articles published from January 1, 2000, to September 30, 2024. After a thorough screening process, we selected relevant information regarding TREM2 and AD. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on a total of 944 publications. The analysis utilized GraphPad Prism 9, CiteSpace6.1.6, VOSviewer1.6.19, the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology, GeneMANIA and Metascape.ResultsA total of 944 publications from 2000 to 2024 met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Over this period, research activity in TREM2 and AD has shown a consistent upward trend, with notable peaks in 2021 and 2022. The United States and China lead in the number of publications, with Washington University being the top research institution. Neurobiology of Aging is the most frequently cited journal in this field. Research has focused on key areas like molecular biology, genetics, and neuroimmunology. Critical keywords include microglia, inflammation, and genetic variants, while recent studies highlight emerging topics such as protein interactions, neurodegeneration, and cognitive impairment.ConclusionsThis study employs advanced bibliometric analysis tools and visualization techniques to clearly present the major research themes, development trends, and prospects of TREM2 in AD.