Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology

Soil salinization is a major constraint to sustainable agricultural production, particularly in semi-arid regions where evapotranspiration exceeds rainfall. This study applied the Quantile Regression Forest (QRF) method to model and predict soil electrical conductivity (EC) across five depth intervals (0-25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100, and 100-125cm) in a key agricultural area of Shaanxi Province, China. A comprehensive set of environmental predictors derived from multispectral remote sensing, topographic features, and climatic variables was used to explain the spatial and vertical distribution of salinity. Remote sensing predictors were derived from Landsat-8 OLI imagery (~ 30m spatial resolution) together with terrain attributes extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM, ~ 30m spatial resolution). Principal component analysis identified vegetation indices (NDVI, NDWI), terrain attributes (slope height, stand height), and temperature seasonality as the most influential factors controlling EC variability. The QRF model achieved high accuracy in the surface layer (R2 = 0.81; RPIQ = 3.05) and acceptable performance at deeper layers (R2 = 0.59; RPIQ = 1.96), with cross-validation confirming robust results, particularly for the 0-25cm depth (R2 = 0.86; RPIQ = 5.54). Spatial maps highlighted zones of high EC concentrated in central and northeastern parts of the study area, mostly in low-slope and poorly drained regions, while uncertainty maps revealed areas with complex salinity dynamics. The uncertainty analysis further showed that most observed EC values were captured within the 90% prediction interval, as indicated by the prediction interval coverage probability (PICP). Overall, combining QRF with depth-harmonized environmental covariates provides an effective and uncertainty-aware approach for multi-depth digital soil salinity mapping, offering valuable guidance for precision salinity management and sustainable land use planning in semi-arid agroecosystems.

In the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) era, employee resilience extends beyond a mere trait to serve as a critical strategic asset. Departing from the transactional logic of social exchange theory, this study adopts an attachment theory perspective to propose a paradigm shift. Within this framework, empowering leaders function as a secure base for their followers. And resilience emerges as the core mechanism through which such leadership behaviors foster a stronger sense of organizational identification. Furthermore, rather than assuming uniform effects, employee age is identified as a boundary condition that moderates the effectiveness of this process. Data were collected through a three-wave, time-lagged survey (N = 218) with two-week intervals among employees in the high-pressure Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China. Hypotheses were tested using the SPSS PROCESS macro (Models 4 and 7) with 5,000 bootstrap resamples to ensure the robustness of the proposed moderated mediation framework. Empowering leadership is positively associated with both employee resilience and organizational identification. Mediation analysis confirms that resilience is the key psychological mechanism linking leadership behaviors to organizational attitudes. Importantly, employee age significantly moderates the relationship between empowering leadership and resilience: the positive effect of empowering leadership on resilience is stronger for older employees and weaker for younger employees. Consequently, the indirect effect of empowering leadership on organizational identification through resilience is significantly more pronounced among older employees, supporting the hypothesized moderated mediation model. By shifting the paradigm from a transactional "quid pro quo" framing to an attachment-based perspective, this study advances the literature on resilience by demonstrating that resilience is cultivated through relational security rather than simple reciprocity. The findings challenge the prevailing "one-size-fits-all" approach and offer an age-contingent framework for resilience management. Practical insights are provided for fostering a resilient and committed multi-generational workforce in high-intensity environments by linking micro-level leadership behaviors with macro-level organizational identification through a lifespan developmental perspective.

ABSTRACT High‐value recycling of retired lithium‐ion battery materials is pivotal for the circular economy. The nickel‐rich strategy, with its merits in boosting energy density, stands out as a key approach for upcycling spent LiNi 0.54 Co 0.16 Mn 0.3 O 2 (SNCM). However, the inherent structural defects of SNCM and the heterogeneous reactions among precursors during regeneration jointly induce irreversible phase transformations, preventing the formation of an ideally ordered layered structure. Therefore, we developed a targeted bidirectional anchoring strategy involving pre‐anchoring Al species on both SNCM and Ni(OH) 2 surfaces. This method reduces the energy barrier for lithiation in the surface‐disordered structures of SNCM and suppresses the structural degradation of nickel‐rich intermediate phases, thereby addressing the root cause of structural disorder during upcycling. The upcycled cathode material exhibits a stable layered structure and a distinctive nickel concentration gradient from the surface toward the bulk. It delivers outstanding electrochemical performance, including a reversible capacity of 186.84 mAh g −1 at 0.2C and retaining 90.17% of its initial capacity after 200 cycles at 1C, outperforming current commercial materials. Furthermore, this study provides essential insights into solid‐state regeneration and establishes a pathway toward the high‐value recycling of degraded lithium‐ion batteries, demonstrating great potential for practical application.

Granite is a fundamental building material valued for its strength and durability, and it holds deep cultural significance around the world as a symbol of longevity and an integral part of historic architecture. However, few studies have been carried out to reveal the petrogenesis of these building stones, as well as their aesthetic characteristics for why they are suitable to be building and decoration materials. To figure out this question, this study presents an integrated analysis of building granites from both China and Spain. Four common Chinese building granites, classified by their trade names, show different geochemical features: the “Cengxi Red” and “Baihujian Red” granitoids show A-type granite features with high SiO 2 and alkali contents, enriched in high-field-strength elements, while the “Gingili Grey” and “Pearl Flower” granodiorites have I-type granite fatures with lower silica, metaluminous, and relatively higher CaO and MgO contents. We consider that the “Cengxi Red” and “Baihujian Red” granitoids may have originated from basaltic granulites in the lower crust with injected asthenosphere mantle-derived magmas, while the “Gingili Grey” and “Pearl Flower” granodiorites originated from the mixing of mantle-derived mafic and lower crust-derived felsic magmas. Different to Chinese building granites, all Spanish building granites have similar geochemical features of low temperature, metaluminous, relatively high alkaline, P and Rb contents. We consider that they are I-type granites which have protoliths of lower crustal alkalic meta-igneous rocks. Since the Chinese granites are relatively fresh and Spanish granites are relatively altered, the controlling factor of aesthetic characteristics between them is different: the former are mainly controlled by their mineral assemblage, while the latter are mostly controlled by their weathering degree.