Zittau/Görlitz University of Applied Sciences

Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are an emerging class of polymers exhibiting the potential to introduce recyclability into polymer networks. For industrial applications, robustness of material properties and predictable dynamic behavior are highly desirable. In this study, diepoxides of varying purity were used to prepare hybrid CANs. Hybrid CANs are based on both dynamic vinylogous urethane bonds and permanent bonds formed by the reaction of amines and epoxides. We specifically investigate the robustness of the materials dynamic exchange behavior against impurities that impair or modify the network characteristics. Stress relaxation experiments reveal that the dynamic behavior remains relatively stable up to ca. 23 % monomer impurity. At higher impurity levels we observe pronounced changes of the exchange dynamics. All materials, regardless of purity, exhibit incomplete stress relaxation. Macroscopic manifestations of this fact are visible defects in the nominally purest materials upon reshaping. Thermal and dynamic-mechanical analyses further show that network density and glass transition temperature decrease with increasing impurity, while overall the thermal stability remains largely unaffected. The results demonstrate that hybrid CANs based on vinylogous urethane exchange chemistry can tolerate moderate monomer impurities without losing key dynamic properties, offering insights for industrial-scale processing and material design.

Zusammenfassung In diesem Kapitel erfahren Unternehmen, wie sie effektive Klimaschutzmaßnahmen entwickeln, priorisieren und erfolgreich umsetzen können. Es stellt eine Maßnahmenhierarchie sowie praxisnahe Beispiele für kurz- und langfristige Maßnahmen in Scope 1, 2 und 3 vor. Die Bewertung erfolgt anhand von Klimawirksamkeit, technischer und wirtschaftlicher Machbarkeit sowie Risiken. Der Aktionsplan dient dabei als zentrales Steuerungsinstrument, ergänzt durch einen Überwachungsplan. Kompensation wird ausschließlich als Mittel zur Neutralisation unvermeidbarer Restemissionen verstanden und Anforderungen an glaubwürdige CO₂-Zertifikate und Einsatzmöglichkeiten auf freiwilligen und verpflichtenden Märkten dargestellt.

Zusammenfassung Dieses Kapitel zeigt, wie Unternehmen systematisch Klimarisiken identifizieren und bewerten können. Es unterscheidet zwischen transitorischen Risiken und Chancen, bedingt durch gesetzliche, technologische und gesellschaftliche Veränderungen, sowie physischen Risiken durch akute und chronische Wetterereignisse. Mithilfe von Klimamodellen, Szenarioanalysen und Ursache-Wirkungs-Ketten wird ein strukturiertes Vorgehen zur Risikoanalyse vorgestellt. Die Bewertung erfolgt über Kriterien wie Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeit, Beeinflussbarkeit und Nutzen. Für physische Risiken werden die Schritte Scoping, Screening, Expositionsanalyse und Risikomatrix erläutert. Das Kapitel liefert damit eine praxisnahe Grundlage für das Risikomanagement im Klimakontext.

It is sometimes unavoidable to run high and extra-high voltage circuits on common overhead line towers. The spatial proximity between the conductors inevitably leads to inductive and capacitive coupling between both voltage levels. However, it is not necessary to entirely eliminate coupling, provided it doesn’t have a detrimental effect on the operation of the overhead line or on the other components of the grids involved (including compliance with the relevant limit values for voltage and current asymmetries). This paper describes the basic principles and the modelling of the electromagnetic coupling of a 400 kV and a parallel 110 kV (low-impedance neutral point grounding) system. Based on their geometry, critical configurations are shown and the dimensions for induced voltages and influenced currents are given. Measures to avoid ferroresonance are presented.

This contribution investigates the influence of high frequencies as well as harmonics on refractive field grading material for medium voltage cable accessories. The dielectric losses of the refractive field grading material are first measured and evaluated to determine the influence of harmonics. Then, a model of a medium voltage cable joint incorporating the test sample as field grading material is computed using Finite Element Method (FEM). Using a Multiphysics approach, the electrothermal behaviour of the model is evaluated under the influence of high frequencies and harmonics. Preliminary results show that high frequencies do not significantly increase the electric field strength on the interface. Additionally, high frequencies up to 2 kHz also d o not result in any significant temperature increase in the field grading material. Similarly, under harmonics, the increase in the electric field strength remains negligible.

Abstract Women remain persistently underrepresented in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) fields, particularly in higher career levels and leadership positions. Despite numerous programs designed to support women individually – such as mentoring, coaching, and training – gender disparities endure, suggesting that these interventions fail to address the structural roots of inequality. This article presents a research design that adopts a systemic perspective informed by Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) and Critical Systems Heuristics to shift the focus from changing women to transforming the behaviour of responsible, but largely unaffected, system participants – namely, men in positions of power. We conducted problem-centred interviews with women in STEM to build purposeful activity models of their career experiences and challenges. These served as a basis for discussion in workshops with responsible, but not affected system participants, e.g. professors and research associates. While the initial aim was to generate actionable recommendations, it became increasingly clear that the workshops’ most significant impact lay in the processes of self-reflection and shifts in attitude among male participants, catalysed by the depth and openness of the group discussions. Changing these attitudes is particularly crucial because men in these positions shape and sustain institutional logics; thus, transforming their perspectives represents a key leverage point for systemic change. Despite methodological challenges and unresolved questions regarding its long-term impact, this study demonstrates a power-critical adaptation of SSM by integrating elements of Critical Systems Heuristics to address power asymmetries and epistemic injustice supporting transformative processes in power-unequal contexts.

Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung versteht sich als Forum für wichtige Ergebnisse der Kindheits- und Jugendforschung, für Theoriebildung und für Fragen der (gesellschafts- und bildungspolitischen sowie pädagogischen) Praxis.

Abstract Einsamkeit ist ein ambivalentes Gefühl, das sich positiv und negativ auswirken kann. Chronisch negativ erlebte Einsamkeit kann mit Krankheiten, niedriger Lebensqualität und verkürzter Lebensdauer einhergehen. Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung sind erhöhten Risiken chronischer Einsamkeit ausgesetzt. Ursächlich sind negative sozialen Einstellungen, eingeschränkte Interaktionsmöglichkeiten und interpersonelle Kompetenzen. Die Personengruppe ist geeignet, medizinethische Themen im Umgang mit Vereinsamung zuzuspitzen, weil sich in ihren Lebenslagen multiple Probleme verdichten.