Социокультурные и институциональные механизмы и ресурсы современных и советских солидарных практик (на примере советского шефства и корпоративного волонтерства)

Abstract: Robert Guédiguian's cinema comes across, on several levels, as a practice of solidarity. His works have been built on a close and unusually stable cinematographic community over decades. This social practice of filming is connected with a content-related political orientation that can be understood as having a Marxist foundation. If one defines friendship as the practice of living in solidarity, which connects familial bonds to their living environment and the world, then the two tendencies of a local and collective-historical exploration of friendship observed here can undoubtedly be noted in Guédiguian's work, which spans five decades. Looking at Guédiguian's oeuvre, it is striking that friendship is not only closely linked to a political understanding of the world but also to the Mediterranean region. As the son of an Armenian father and a German mother, themes of historical exile and contemporary migration from the Mediterranean play an important role in many of his Marseille films. Against this background, I contend that Guédiguian's cinema not only negotiates social practices of friendship and solidarity, it also brokers notions of belonging to the Mediterranean region. In this article I will elucidate Guédiguian's understanding of Mediterranean friendship. To this end so, I will focus on the unusually optimistic and playful film, À l'attaque! (2000), which has been often overlooked internationally. This film negotiates Mediterranean friendship as a solidary, sensual principle of life—not through a spatial opening of l'Estaque but in the form of a conte, in other words, through numerous transmedial references.

In recent years, the global financial crisis and the ensuing austerity measures in European countries have resulted in dire cuts to public services, massive job losses, and diminished incomes. At the same time, and parallel to the economic crisis, a refugee crisis has arisen. In this context, ordinary citizens and new or re-energised networks of cooperation among civil society actors (e.g. non-governmental organisations (NGOs), churches, trade unions, cooperatives, grassroots initiatives) foster (transnational) solidarity practices. These practices grow in importance as they try to address people’s needs, often unmet by national governments given their lack of financial resources. This article investigates whether and to what extent civic initiatives and organisations are involved in transnational solidarity activities. Moreover, it seeks to identify those factors that seem to promote or inhibit the scope of transnational activities. The article critically analyses the initiatives and practices of Transnational Solidarity Organisations (TSOs) in eight European countries on the basis of data on transnationally oriented civic groups and organisations committed to organising solidarity activities in three fields of work (disabilities, unemployment, and assistance to refugees). The analysis aims to contribute, through fresh empirical data, to the scholarly discussion in the field of transnational solidarity mobilisation and organisations by pointing out that most solidarity organisations remain active primarily at the local and/or national level(s) and that only a minority of solidarity organisations are engaged in cross-national activities. Transnational activities are associated with formalisation and professionalisation. Moreover, maintaining a web of transnational partners, being able to communicate with such partners, and conventional action repertoires seem to be conducive to transnational activism. Organisational values linked to cosmopolitanism are also important, but their impact on transnational solidarity actions is mediated and conditioned by the TSOs’ level of formalisation.

Purpose This study aims to examine the potential effect that corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in general and business ethics, more specifically, can exert on the financial performance of companies using advanced machine learning (ML) techniques. Design/methodology/approach Based on a sample of 523 international firms headquartered in North America and Western Europe between 2005 and 2019, the research design employs advanced machine learning algorithms including LightGBM, CatBoost, XGBoost, NGBoost, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest to assess the relationship between business ethics, CSR practices, and financial performance. In addition, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique was used to provide comprehensive insights into feature contributions to individual predictions. Findings Findings indicate a growing interest in business ethics and societal practices over the past decade. The results have revealed that the adoption of an ethical and socially responsible approach is associated with financial performance. Practical implications This study provides actionable insights for multinational companies, emphasizing the role of business ethics and social responsibility practices in enhancing financial performance. It also holds significance for practitioners aiming to improve financial efficiency. By exploring the relationship between social effectiveness and financial efficiency, this research leverages ML techniques to offer a deeper understanding of this critical connection. Originality/value This study contributes to the field by using advanced ML techniques, including SHAP, to explore the relationship between business ethics and CSR practices on Financial Performance. The findings, particularly the superior accuracy of XGBoost among algorithms, provide valuable insights into the implications of business ethics and social practices on firm financial performance.

Nowadays volunteer organizations are becoming more and more popular, which promotes building the trend towards socially oriented business by implementation of corporate volunteering programs. The growth in volunteer projects number fosters volunteer centers emergence all over the world and a serious impact of volunteer projects motivates a deeper study of this phenomenon. It should be pointed out that at present society is going through an active stage of passing over from situational volunteering to more systematic and deliberate functioning. The authors show that this fact is connected with the global development of culture of corporate social responsibility in our country and in the world and therefore, with introduction of standards and principles of corporate social responsibility in the in-company environment of organizations.

This paper asks what can we learn from breaking down systems to understand the development of systems. Through ethnographic fieldwork around a large-scale infrastructure development project in the ocean sciences experiencing a scale downward and threat of further defunding, I highlight four often overlooked components of innovation and development that have important implications for the HCI community. The first debunks the mythical liquidation and restart of Western development's "fail fast, fail often" mantra by tracing the complexities of breaking down an infrastructure, highlighting that the end of a technology is entrenched in longer-lived social, political and organizational consequences. The second dives deeper into these social consequences, as formalized structures are broken down and new temporary and contingent working orders surface to fill their place. Third, I signal the critical consequences of the thoughtful practices of assessment and evaluation of both human and material resources that occur during the downturn of systems. Last, I discuss the deeply personal connections that amplify through processes of breaking down systems.

The college volunteers association of oral health education and service,which could enhance the students' social practice abilities,was established by School of Stomatology,the Fourth Military Medical University in 2006. In order to evaluate the social practice teaching effectiveness of college students and undergraduates majored in stomatology,and find out the different reactions to social practices teaching between them,a survey was held by the form of questionnaire in 2008.The survey results show that students of stomatology are very fond of social practice.The analysis of differences caused by the two groups could help to enhance the humanities qualities of stomatology students. Key words: Social practices; Humanities quality; Undergraduates; Junior college students; Teaching effectiveness

En este artículo ofrecemos un análisis filosófico político de un caso “ejemplar” de criminalización de la solidaridad hacia migrantes y refugiados en la actualidad: el caso de Carola Rackete, capitana del Sea Watch 3, que en 2019 protagonizó un salvataje enel Mediterráneo. Con base en desarrollos teórico-conceptuales de autores centrales de la filosofía contemporánea como Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Judith Butler, Étienne Balibar y Jacques Derrida, buscamos abordar las contradicciones ético-políticas que conllevan hoy las prácticas de solidaridad hacia personas en situación de movilidad internacional. El manuscrito se encuentra divido en cuatro secciones: en la primera, analizamos el nivel jurídico del caso; en la segunda, abordamos la lucha jurídico-política en torno a la definición de “lugar seguro” y el problema del “tráfico de fronteras”; en la tercera, indagamos la cuestión de la personalización de las acciones solidarias como estrategia de despolitización del campo humanitario; y, en la cuarta, insistimos en la necesidad de reposicionar el alcance político del derecho humanitario hoy.

This study aims to explain the solidarity behavior toward a specific needy group that is not part of the national community (refugees) in comparison with vulnerable in-groups (the disabled or the unemployed), taking into account the interplay between individuals’ political orientations and their social dispositions based on the ranking preferences of solidarity beneficiaries. Through a multivariate regression analysis of survey data in eight European countries, we find that respondents’ ranking preferences have a lower impact on solidarity practices toward refugees, which are strongly fostered by progressive political orientations. This means that support for refugees relies on a universalistic conception of solidarity and entails political commitment to both leftist positions on economic issues and to libertarian stances on cultural issues. The latter only affect solidarity actions toward needy out-groups, unveiling the tensions between universalistic-particularistic concerns that are embodied in individual perceptions of deservingness between groups and in the cultural–identitarian dimension of political conflict.

Globalization has become one of the most influential forces shaping political and social policies in Indonesia, producing both opportunities and challenges for national sovereignty, governance, and cultural identity. This research aims to analyze how globalization influences Indonesia’s political and social policies and to examine the extent to which Indonesia demonstrates agency in responding to global pressures. Employing a qualitative research design, the study was conducted from June to August 2025 in Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and Bandung, with data collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis. Findings reveal that globalization has strongly influenced political reforms such as decentralization, democratization, and human rights policies, while also shaping social policies in education, cultural preservation, and social welfare. At the same time, Indonesia demonstrates a dual and hybrid approach, selectively adopting global norms while maintaining national priorities and local identity. Globalization has also generated paradoxical effects, fostering openness and innovation while simultaneously stimulating cultural resistance, social inequality, and identity reassertion. The study concludes that Indonesia exemplifies adaptive globalization, negotiating global pressures with local values and strategic interests. This research contributes theoretically by integrating political and social perspectives in the globalization discourse and practically by providing insights for policymakers to design inclusive, culturally sensitive, and context-responsive policies.

One of the more interesting aspects of the dialogue between the mediums of the still and moving image that has taken place over recent years has been a concern within fine-art photography for the cinematic. Photographers have turned to the style and iconography of the established genres of cinema as a means of reinventing the pictorial form of the tableau and thereby to explore the possibilities of narrativity within the static image. However, beyond any aesthetic interest the contemporary genre of the ‘cinematic photograph’ may hold, it is argued here that it may be indicative of an important shift in the social, economic and technological bases of fine-art photography. This essay suggests that the significance of the ‘cinematic photograph’ lies in its complex forms of technical production, the mobilisation of skilled labour and professional expertise, and the deployment of substantial economic resources, which are to be found in the film industry. Through an analysis of the work of the American photographer Gregory Crewdson, the authors demonstrate how the formal and iconographic properties of his images are inseparable from his adoption of the cinema's specific modes of production and that the latter is central to a reading of Crewdson's photographs. The consequences this holds for our understanding of the medium of photography are developed with reference to Raymond Williams's concept of ‘medium as social practice’. The authors conclude that the ‘cinematic photograph’ might be regarded as symptomatic of a trend within contemporary art practices to model themselves on cinema as the emblematic form of cultural production of ‘late capitalism’, a trend that has significant implications for the dominant conceptions concerning the nature of the work of art and the role of the artist.

Several identifiable events have propelled local and international interest in contemporary visual art practices in Ghana in the 21st century. These include international exhibitions and art fairs, workshops, symposia and the emergence of significant projects spaces and artists foundations. Much of these developments occurred in Ghana from 1999 to the present day. The Internet, mobile phones, and social media make it possible for young artists to bypass, or subvert, established institutions. The outcome has been largely positive in bringing visiting artists, museum curators, and other art-world notables to engage directly with contemporary Ghanaian artists and seek out new talent. However, despite these formal platforms that have served as crucibles or catalysts for current artistic practice in Ghana, the practitioners themselves have, to a large extent, remained self-reliant. As individual artists may be considered institutions in their own right, it is not surprising that some have established their own art centers: Ablade Glover’s Artists Alliance Gallery, Accra; Kofi Setordji’s ArtHAUS; and Kati Torda’s Sun Trade Beads, Accra, and the Studio. These new developments have exposed Ghanaian contemporary artists to new audiences. A plethora of related activities in fashion, film, and photography have also received widespread attention. My essay carries out case studies of five artists associated with blaxTARLINES KUMASI: Dorothy Amenuke, Edwin Bodjawah, Bernard Akoi-Jackson, Patrick Tagoe-Turkson, and Ibrahim Mahama, who represent the cutting edge of new Ghanaian interactions with the global contemporary.

This paper addresses how corporate social responsibility of multinationals in China influences their Chinese subsidiaries’ performance. Using panel data regression, (1) we investigate the effects of corporate social moderating effects of institutional and geographic distances between their home countries and China. Our findings show, first, that subsidiaries’ corporate social performance is associated positively with their profit in China. Second, we find that the greater the cultural, economic, and geographic distances between the home country and China, the less likely it is that a subsidiary will benefit from corporate social responsibility. We enrich the theoretical understanding of the institutional conditions under which corporate social responsibility leads to specific outcomes by adding new institutional elements—the differences of culture and the economies between multinationals’ host and home countries. Our findings suggest that although corporate social responsibility is still new to China, being socially responsibility provides financial benefits to multinationals. Their global and local corporate social responsibility strategies have to adjust based on local cultures and economic levels, especially with respect to fundamental beliefs about spirituality and values. The paper fulfilled the research gap between multinationals’ social practices and their performance in host countries at the subsidiary level by providing empirical evidence concerning the responses to corporate social responsibility initiatives in emerging markets and clarifying the conditions under which foreign affiliates’ corporate social responsibility engagement in the host country can gain better returns in local markets.

Bourdieu’s concept of the social space is a powerful tool for analyzing social inequality in contemporary societies (Bourdieu 1984). His theory combines a structural dimension of various types of resources – called capitals – with a theory of social and cultural practices. As a relational approach, it refers to the relative differences of resources (here: capitals) and elements of cultural practices between individuals or social groups, rather than the absolute level of resources or substantial forms of cultural practices. Bourdieu’s central argument is that the structural dimension of the social space is homologous to the system of differences and oppositions that underlie and structure the social and cultural practices, i.e., the space of lifestyles. This homology is caused by socialization effects which are inherent to the processes of attaining and reproducing various forms of capitals by individuals or families. This theoretical framework allows for a dynamic understanding of social classes: Social classes can be understood as groups of individuals which share similar experiences of acquiring and reproducing certain sets of capitals, via both family socialization and status attainment processes over the life course.

This paper provides a discursive analysis of interviews with eight police officers about a range of contemporary issues concerning the police force. Officers drew on three common linguistic resources (police status, conformity, and internal pressure) which are identified, illustrated and discussed in terms of their social consequences and rhetorical effectiveness. We suggest that these discourses operate collectively to maintain the reputation of the police. This is achieved through the imperative of rigidly conforming to standards. Diversity is discriminated against at the point of recruitment and also via a series of internal pressures for existing officers who fail to conform. We have tried to demonstrate the discursive resources producing such social practices. We argue that a climate of conformity pervades the wider police culture and discuss the implications of this.

The Creation of Social Space and Emotions through Gestures: An Ethnographic Study