Раціональне виРаціональне використання земельних ресурсів у процесі виробництва органічної продукціїкористання земельних ресурсів у процесі виробництва органічної продукції

The article discusses methodological approaches to modeling and forecasting the rational use of land resources and the use of geotechnologies. Modeling is performed using the concept of "digital twin" and specially developed criteria for the optimality of the rational land use system. The criteria are rea-sonable from the viewpoint of assessing the socio-economic condition of the territory in strategic planning, and environmental analysis. The criteria also correspond to the indicators that are used to assess the effectiveness of the cadastral system. Geotechnologies are used as a method of predictive modeling. The prototype of the system of rational use of land resources is proposed. The system con-sists of four subsystems: zoning and functional zoning; predictive modeling; long-term planning; monitoring of rational land use based on optimality criteria. The structure of the system of rational use of land resources has been developed, showing the relationship between subsystems and targets which are to be reached as the result of system operation. To assess the rational land use system, optimality criteria have been developed: the stability of the spatial structure to external influences; maximum in-volvement of land resources in economic use; value stability of the real estate object; compliance with regulatory requirements; indicators of the demographic situation; economic efficiency. The imple-mented structure of rational use system of land resources is the structure of the digital twin model for optimizing geosystem management processes. Based on the developed optimality criteria, more accu-rately fine-tuned model and cost-effective and environmentally sound management solutions are de-veloped.

Sustainable development is an important topic of urban research. The rational use of land resources is of great significance for urban development and is conducive to promoting regional governance and coordinated development. The purpose of this study was to construct an effective evaluation framework for urban land resources to maintain sustainable urban development. Taking the cities along the Jiangsu Section of the Beijing–Hangzhou Grand Canal as the research object, this study constructed an evaluation system for the sustainable use of land resources including the dimensions of economic level, social development, and environmental resources. The statistical data for 2010, 2015, and 2020 were selected to comprehensively calculate and evaluate the level of sustainable use of land resources in the study area via the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy combined weight method, which combines the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method. According to the research results, the sustainable use of land resources in the study area presented an overall upward trend from 2010 to 2015, and an overall downward trend from 2015 to 2020. Overall, the study area was in a critically sustainable stage, although the annual change rate of the level of sustainable use of land resources showed significant fluctuations and exhibited a spatial pattern of progressive increase from north to south. The cities in southern Jiangsu were in the initially sustainable and basically sustainable stages; those in central Jiangsu were in the critically sustainable and initially sustainable stages; and those in northern Jiangsu were in the unsustainable and critically sustainable stages. This study proposed a scientific and effective evaluation method for cities along the Grand Canal to explore the efficient, sustainable use of land resources in the future. The evaluation framework constructed on this basis can serve as an important reference for urban governance and is expected to guide the sustainable use and development of land resources for other cities of the same type.

The article is devoted to the assessment of the efficiency of the use of land resources in agriculture of the Kurgan Region. The analysis of the efficiency of agricultural land use was carried out for the period from 2015 to 2019, which allowed the author to draw objective conclusions about the current state of the land and the land resource potential of the region. Agriculture can be attributed to a complex economic system. Mutual processes between biological, technological, organizational and economic processes are expanded reproduction in agriculture. The branches of the agro-industrial complex and the branches of agriculture are closely interrelated. The main goal of agriculture is to achieve stable growth of agricultural production, reliable supply of food and agricultural raw materials to the country. Based on this, the issue of effective use of agricultural land available to economic entities becomes relevant. Unlike other means of production in agriculture (which wear out during operation, thereby reducing their properties, go out of economic circulation), the natural productivity of land resources can increase with rational use. One of the reasons for the inefficiency of the implemented land use policy is the actual lack of regular assessment and monitoring of the effective and rational use of land resources in agriculture, both at the level of individual agricultural producers and at the level of the region as a whole. The purpose of assessing the effectiveness of the land use system in the Kurgan region is to characterize the structure of land resources for making management decisions aimed at ensuring rational and efficient use of land.

The goal is to study the main factors influencing the rational use of land resources and the impact of regional specificities on the development of agricultural sectors, in order to form sustainable land use in rural areas. Methods – statistical, systemic, and comprehensive approaches served as the methodological foundation for the effective turnover of agricultural land; comparative analysis, subject-logical, and economic-statistical methods were used to process data on the land fund of the North Kazakhstan Region. Results – land cultivation optimization was considered from the perspective of understanding scientifically based indicators influencing the efficient use of natural-resource potential, such as the allocation of crop areas on agricultural lands considering soil fertility and legal regulation. A key condition motivating land users to improve land productivity in the long term is the use of land according to its intended purpose. It is noted that many of the problems arising during the creation of effective farming mechanisms stem from imperfect ecological-economic relations, disregard for ecosystem approaches, extensive agricultural practices, and deficiencies in land plot monitoring systems. Particular attention is given to issues of wind and water degradation and the urgency of radical measures to combat these phenomena. Conclusions – it is important to maintain and improve the quality characteristics of soil that affect crop yields. Stability of external land boundaries, land rights, and internal land-use organization are objective conditions for legal regulation of land ownership. According to the authors, the technological security of land areas is reflected not only in their layout and energy infrastructure but also in the availability of agricultural machinery to ensure full land utilization.

Urgency of the research. Full and effective use of the potential of land resources as one of the competitive advantages of agricultural production. Target setting. Effective and rational use of land resources is of great importance for the national economy of Ukraine. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Specifics of the effective use of agricultural lands were studied by such scholars as Balayev A. D., Balyuk S. A., Hrekov V. A., Krymska L. O., Koval M. V., Medvedev V. V., Melnychuk L. S., Tarariko O. H. and others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Scientists do not adequately cover the issue of structuring the problems of increasing the efficiency of agricultural land use. The research objective. The article is intended to identify and structure the main issues, the effectiveness of the use of agricultural land and determine the ways of their solution. The statement of basic materials. The article considers and structures the issues of efficient use of agricultural land in Ukraine. The influence of ecological and economic factors on the efficiency of land resources use negatively affecting the quality and fertility of the land is analysed. Conclusions. Effective use of land resources provides for the creation of a material base for ensuring the conservation, reproduction and further increase of the level of economic return of land.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the problems and obstacles that stand in the way of the development of sustainable land use in the communities of Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to how the war in Ukraine affected land relations and environmental and socio-economic problems caused by the war. The work is aimed at identifying different approaches to solving these problems that can contribute to the improvement of environmental security and socio-economic development of communities, as well as the possibility of adapting sustainable land use practices to new realities. The research was carried out as follows: the analysis of scientific works with suitable topics, the analysis of statistical data and the collection of data for the research base, the collection of expert assessments and opinions. The analysis of literature and research was conducted on topics related to sustainable land use and the impact of crisis situations on land and land management processes. Statistical analysis was carried out on the destruction of agricultural infrastructure, loss of land due to pollution or mining. The basis was taken from such sources as the data of the State Service of Ukraine on geodesy, cartography and cadastre and information from public reports of the UN [1]. Expert opinions and opinions were also taken into account, especially from representatives of communities affected by military actions. This method makes it possible to determine priorities for the restoration of land resources. The methods used made it possible to create a complete and comprehensive picture of the problems and opportunities of sustainable land use in modern conditions, and taking into account the state of war. It consists in a comprehensive analysis of the problems and obstacles to the development of sustainable land use in the communities of Ukraine, in particular during the martial law, and their integration with the challenges of the present time, which appeared before Ukraine due to the martial law. Such studies were not sufficiently conducted. The work assessed the impact of military actions on the degradation of land resources, identified the main problems and obstacles to sustainable land use during the military conflict, and proposed measures for the adaptation of communities to support the sustainable development of land use under martial law. In particular, the influence of martial law on agriculture, population migration processes, soil degradation and resource depletion is taken into account. It consists in developed recommendations and directions for local self-government bodies and other authorities regarding the implementation of approaches and methods of land resource management, taking into account crisis conditions, martial law. This should contribute to increasing the efficiency of the use of land resources, ensuring environmental safety and improving the well-being of the population. Therefore, the results of this work can be used to develop land recovery strategies in the post-war period, to plan measures to protect land resources during martial law, and to support the communities of the country in matters of rational use of land resources. As a result of the work carried out, the following results can be summarized. The main problems and obstacles that prevent and restrain the development of sustainable land use in the communities of our country are the irrational use of land resources, soil erosion, environmental problems - environmental pollution, corruption factors and gaps in the legislative base. To all this was added a full-scale invasion, hostilities, a large population migration, changes in land legislation and a "starvation" of personnel. The conducted analysis of the real and current state of land resources on the territory of Ukraine shows major problems, such as the degradation of arable land and the urgent need to implement measures that would correct this and restore the land. The main directions regarding the processes of improvement of land resource management systems have been established, which include changes in legislation, ensuring transparency and efficiency of management, introduction of modern technologies and approaches to monitoring and control of the state of land resources. The need to create and develop various strategies for the restoration of land resources in the post-war period, where it is necessary to emphasize ecology, reducing pollution, and rebuilding infrastructure, has been established.

Topicality. The implementation of an innovative way of development of the agricultural sector will increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian agriculture. Using the experience of developed countries and adapting certain models of innovative development of agricultural enterprises and the national economy as a whole, agricultural producers of the country can effectively manage production and economic processes, grow high-yield, high-quality and competitive products, increase the efficiency and profitability of production, reduce the consumption of material, energy, and labor and natural resources, reduce the negative impact on the environment.Aim and tasks. The purpose of this scientific paper is to study different views on the definition of the conceptual approach of innovation and investment development of the material and technical base of enterprises of Ukraine. This purpose made it possible to form the following tasks: to deepen the theoretical aspects of the economic essence of the material and technical base for the agricultural market, to reveal the conditions and regularities of its functioning; to assess the current state of innovations implemented by agricultural enterprises of Ukraine and to identify the main trends in their development.Materials and Methods. In the process of working on the article, materials of own research, analysis of statistical data, publications of domestic scientists were used. The research was carried out using the following methods: historical, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis - to outline the evolutionary, process-historical provisions of the formation of the theory and methodology of the development of the material and technical base.Research results. The transition to the innovation-investment model of economic development is impossible without attracting investments. In accordance with the legislation, investments are made in the form of capital investments for the purpose of reproduction of fixed assets and increase of reserves. Investment is a cumulative process of investing capital, during which successive changes in various forms of value take place; there is a dynamic relationship between interdependent elements of investment activity - resources - expenses - income. Innovation is the use of new forms of business organization and management, as well as intellectual work and technological developments aimed at improving social and economic activity. Investment and innovation processes should not be considered separately, but together. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model of innovation-investment activity that combines the principles of investment and innovation, methods and mechanisms of implementation, criteria for making innovation-investment decisions. (knau.kharkov.ua) The goal of the innovation and investment process is to increase the economic potential of the enterprise's material and technical base.Conclusion. The development of agriculture requires material and technical support that meets the standards of the EU and developed countries of the world. However, the problem of capital equipment of agricultural production in Ukraine has not been solved due to the narrowing of the reproduction of the main capital of the industry and the insufficient rate of accumulation in recent years. Increasing the productivity of agricultural enterprises is practically impossible without the introduction of innovations and investments in the material and technical base. Positive results can be achieved through the introduction of new production technologies, optimization of the machine and tractor fleet, rational use of land resources and soil cultivation, rational sowing and crop rotation, introduction of new varieties and hybrids that are more productive in terms of zoning, as well as the use of environmentally friendly and resource-saving technologies. Technological innovations and investments, optimization of the production complex and adaptation to modern trends in the agricultural market increase the economic efficiency and profitability of enterprises.

This article is dedicated to researching the geospatial features of the ecological state of soil and land resources in Khmelnitsky region. The relevance of this study stems from the need for a comprehensive assessment of the ecological condition of soil and land resources in Khmelnitsky region amidst increasing anthropogenic pressure. The aim of this work is to identify and analyze the geospatial features of the ecological state of soil and land resources in Khmelnitsky region last to develop scientifically sound recommendations for their rational use and conservation.The paper analyzes the modern structure of the region’s soil cover, focusing on identifying land use peculiarities. Key factors influencing the condition of the region’s soil and land resources have been determined. A comprehensive analysis of ecological indicators characterizing fertility, ecological resilience, and ecological stability was conducted, which enabled the visualization of the spatial distribution of ecological problems.The research results revealed regional differences in the ecological state of soil and land resources, influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Based on the conducted study, it was found that the ecological resilience and ecological stability of land resources largely depend on the structure of land use, the level of plowing, and the areas of ecologically stabilizing lands. The research results demonstrate the highest plowing rates in the central part of the region (71,7%) and low indicators of ecological stability (Kes = 0,32) and ecological resilience (Kes = 0,38). The northern part of the region has lower plowing rates of land resources (47,7%), significant forest cover, and consequently a higher level of ecological stability (Kes = 0,44) and ecological resilience (Kst = 1,31).The scientific novelty lies in the development and application of a comprehensive geospatial approach to assessing the ecological state of soil and land resources at the regional level. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in their potential use for developing and implementing effective measures for the protection and rational use of land resources, spatial planning, environmental monitoring, and forming strategies for sustainable development in Khmelnitsky region last.

The article analyzes and suggests a system and factors affecting the use of land resources as part of agricultural enterprises’ natural capital. During the study there have been used such methods as: analysis, synthesis, concretization and abstraction, classification, grouping and others. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the efficient and rational use of land resources of agricultural enterprises is the basis of the national security of a state. The agrarian reform hasn’t solved the existing problems of using land resources in agriculture yet, but it has also lead to many new ones that require an immediate solution to maintain the national security of the country at the proper level. The conducted research helped determine the place of natural capital and its relationship with other components of the definition of «capital», identify the structure of the natural capital of agricultural enterprises. There have been studied the specific features of the land resources of agricultural enterprises. The research has identified the main factors affecting the use of agricultural enterprises’ land resources. Their further study will allow developing a mechanism to preserve and improve the land fund by increasing the fertility of lands under their jurisdiction.KeywordsLand resourcesLand fundUse of land resourcesFactorsCapitalNatural capitalAgricultural enterprisesAgro-industrial complex

The article discusses the types of agricultural land use; The main characteristics of the land fund of the Russian Federation governing land monitoring are given. At the same time, the problem of forming effective approaches for the rational use of land resources in a market economy requires an urgent solution in order to increase the efficiency of not only the use of land resources, but also the creation of conditions for obtaining environmentally safe products from each hectare of land. With this in mind, the article analyzes various methods of land resources assessment, reviewed the existing proposals for the integrated development of rural areasA brief description of the analysis of the state of land resources is given. The conclusions about the future direction of research.

The article examines the current issues of accounting for land resources in agriculture, which are caused by the lack of unified methodological approaches to their classification, valuation, and representation in financial reporting. The current state of land accounting is analyzed, including shortcomings in regulatory and legal frameworks, the lack of detailed analytical accounting, and inconsistencies between accounting and cadastral records. Particular attention is given to the impact of military actions on the land resource accounting system, specifically issues related to landmine contamination, physical damage to land, the occupation of certain territories, and the inability to conduct inventory assessments in regions of active combat. The necessity of introducing specialized sub-accounts in the working chart of accounts is identified, which would allow for the recording of temporarily occupied land plots, lands that have suffered destruction or contamination, as well as plots requiring restoration after military actions. The need to improve the methodology for land valuation, considering modern conditions, including updating the normative monetary valuation and introducing adjustment coefficients that account for the degree of damage or land use restrictions, is substantiated. Furthermore, the article highlights the need to develop a unified methodology for accounting for land resources that considers the specifics of land use in agriculture, their legal status, and usage restrictions. The integration of digital technologies, particularly geographic information systems (GIS), is proposed to enhance analytical accounting and land monitoring, enabling real-time data updates and increasing the efficiency of land resource management. In the long term, the implementation of such approaches will contribute to greater transparency in the accounting system, improved financial control, and the sustainable use of agricultural land. The article also proposes the development of new forms of accounting and statistical reporting that include detailed information on the degree of land use, normative monetary valuation, classification by land categories, legal status, level of physical damage, and potential threats such as landmine contamination. The necessity of aligning accounting records with cadastral data is substantiated, which will enhance the accuracy of financial and managerial information, ensure effective monitoring, and support strategic decision-making regarding the restoration and rational use of land resources in agriculture.

Keeping the land accounting in the correct modern methods and carrying out a complete survey of the land areas and rational use of land resources, the accuracy of the cadastral data, determining the amount of the water fund lands by transferring them to the disposal of the relevant organizations is of great importance in ensuring economic stability in the regions. From this point of view, the article provides information on increasing the economic efficiency of cadastral indicators, the use of water fund lands in the regions and their control.

Exibei, located in the northwestern Hubei Province, is recognized as an important region for the geographical transition from north to south, which has significant ecological status. Consequently, the research on land use pattern in this region contains non-negligible value for environmental protection. This research provided a scientific basis and an effective support for the sustainable development of ecological environment in Exibei region and the rational use of land resources. In this paper, combing with geographic information technology and spatial statistical methods, we mainly focused on the temporal and spatial changes of land use in Exibei region based on remote sensing maps from 1990 to 2015. The results show: 1) during the study period, the distribution area of farmland, grassland and unused landscape decreased, whereas the forestland and water land were opposite; 2) the Single Land Use Dynamic Degree of building land was 1.46%, which was the largest among all land use types; 3) the Comprehensive Dynamic Degree in the study area was 0.06%, indicating that pattern change was not obvious.

Revealing the general laws of land use transformation (LUT) under the coupling evolution of different socio-economic and eco-environment (SE-EE) in mountainous areas is of great significance for rational use of land resources, regional socio-economic development, and eco-environment protection. This paper constructs a research framework of LUT under the coupling evolution of SE-EE and takes Fengjie County as an example to conduct a case study. The results show (1) the socio-economic development level and eco-environment quality showed an overall growth trend from 2000 to 2020, showed the distribution pattern of high in the Yangtze River valley and low in the mountainous areas, and low in the Yangtze River valley and high in the mountainous areas respectively. (2) The coupling evolution of SE-EE showed five types: synchronous development of SE-EE, socio-economic development and ecological retarded, socio-economic retarded and ecological restoration, low socio-economic development level, and low eco-environment quality. (3) The transformation of land use quantity, structure, and function corresponded to the coupling evolution of SE-EE. Cultivated land was reduced when the socio-economic development level was relatively high, and the function changed from production to ecological and eco-economic. When the eco-environment quality was high, cultivated land was reduced, and the function changed from production to ecological. (4) The framework constructed in this paper is universal to the mountainous areas represented by the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) and the plain areas where the LUT and SE-EE evolution are different from the mountainous areas.

Large-scale artificial forests have replaced original land cover types such as arable land, garden land, evergreen broad-leaved forest, and Pinus khasya forest. In particular, the widespread introduction of Eucalyptus has caused great changes in land-use patterns and affected ecosystem service functions. How to rationally allocate land, improve the land utilization rate, and ecosystem service functions in a limited land area have become research hotspots. This paper mainly studies the land-use optimization in Lancang County, a large-scale eucalyptus-introduced region, by using the gray multiobjective dynamic programming (GMDP) model and the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. The maximization of social, economic, and ecological benefits is used as the quantitative structure optimization objective in this model, while land-use suitability and spatial compactness are used as the spatial optimization rules. The results show the following: (1) The economic and ecological benefits are significantly improved after optimization compared with those of the current situation and the integrated land-use planning in Lancang County (i.e., the overall plan hereafter or the overall planning of land use by government departments). The social benefits are lower than those in the current situation and overall plan. (2) The suitability of the land-use spatial structure after optimization is improved to some extent compared with the land-use structures of the current situation and overall plan. In particular, the suitability of urban construction land is significantly improved after optimization. (3) The patch density (PD) index of each land-use type is significantly reduced after optimization. The fractal dimension (FRAC) indexes of urban construction land and natural reserves are increased compared with those in the current situation and in the overall plan. The compactness index (CI) of land use increases after optimization, and the degree of land-use fragmentation is improved significantly. (4) Land transfer is greater for arable land, garden land, forests, and natural reserves after optimization. Compared with the overall plan, more high-quality arable land and forest resources may be protected. In conclusion, optimized land use is conducive to promoting the rational use of land resources, socioeconomic development, and environmental protection in eucalyptus-introduced regions.