АНАЛІЗ УМОВ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ РОЗВИТКУ РИНКУ ОВОЧЕВОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The residential real estate market plays a key role in the development of global and national economies, since it has acted as a powerful driver of GDP growth, increasing the level of employment, household incomes, and profitability of financial institutions, construction organizations and trading enterprises. The house price growth has two dimensions, threat to financial stability and source of economic development. The aim of this research is to formulate a list of criteria, based on which one can decide whether the house price at a given stage of housing market development needs to be constrained or not. The aim is achieved by a multi-perspective analysis of residential real estate market in Ukraine and its evolution. This research is based on general scientific and special methods of cognition, including abstract logical reasoning, grouping, and statistical analysis. The factors that con­tribute to the growth of house prices are formed using the method of principal component analysis, and the effect is estimated using least squares regression. Five stages of the evolution of the Ukrainian residential real estate market are identified according to two general indicators: housing price growth and credit activity. The segmentation is based on signi­ficant changes in market conditions and/or changes in housing price drivers, as well as changes in the regulatory environment. Factors affecting house prices at each of these stages were investigated using principal component analysis to identify variables for regression analysis. A set of criteria has been formed using which one can assess if the current rise in housing prices poses systemic risks to the national financial system and overall economy. Three hypotheses were put forward and their empirical verification was carried out, according to the results of which it was established that demand factors had the greatest impact on housing prices during the observation period; macro-financial conditions primarily affect prices on the primary real estate market; lending conditions affect price dynamics mainly only at the first stage of development of the housing market in Ukraine, which are determined in this study. The main drivers of the housing market in Ukraine are the unemployment rate, income growth levels, and population size. The conclusions drawn can significantly contribute to the monitoring system of the housing market in Ukraine and the analysis of the systemic risks it generates.

In Russia, agriculture is one of the sectors that have shown steady growth in production volumes over the past 20 years. This is partly due to the catastrophic decline in agricultural production at the end of the 20th century. Thus, a return to normal production level is perceived as growth. The development of the industry was also influenced by the introduction of restrictions on importing agricultural products. However, the growth in production volumes is not accompanied by an increase in investment, which casts doubt on the long-term positive trend. This paper reveals the essence and content of the investment attractiveness of the agricultural sector of the economy. The authors considered the investment attractiveness as the result of the analysis of the main economic, social, and political parameters of territorial production systems by a potential investor. Therefore, the authors revealed a connection between investment activities in the agricultural sector of the economy and the specifics of the intra-industry location of production, regional specialization, current state policy in relation to agricultural producers and rural areas, and the manifestation of the investment multiplier effect. The study established that the state’s investment policy in Russian agriculture should take into account the need to compensate for the reduction in economic resources available for the sector to increase agricultural production. At the same time, special attention should be paid to investments in the development of information, social, and labor resources involved in agricultural production.

This article analyzes the state and prospects for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Vladimir region. The authors demonstrate that SMEs play a key role in the regional economy, contributing significantly to GDP, job creation, and infrastructure development. The development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is an important factor in economic growth and social stability in Russian regions. The structure of region's SME is diverse, encompassing various legal forms, which provides flexibility and adaptability to market conditions. The article emphasizes the important role of government support, including preferential lending programs and tax incentives, as well as the development of support infrastructure (business incubators and technology parks). The article provides statistical information showing a positive trend in the number of enterprises (+2.2%), employment (+6.9%), and turnover (+15.5%) of small and medium-sized businesses in the Vladimir region over the past period. There has also been a significant increase in the average monthly salary of employees (+20.4%). The authors argue that the key factor for the further development of small and medium-sized businesses is the promotion of entrepreneurial activity among the younger generation. The article identifies the main challenges that hinder the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the region. The article discusses the need for government intervention in the economic regulation of small and medium-sized businesses. It emphasizes that without proper government support, the region's economy cannot effectively utilize its resources, which ultimately affects the standard of living and sustainable development of society. The authors identify the key strategic aspects of government support for small and medium-sized enterprises, focusing on creating a sustainable economic environment, developing a modern support ecosystem, and fostering effective collaboration with large businesses.

The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of the grain market in Ukraine and to justify approaches to choosing effective areas for its stabilization and increasing the competitiveness of grain on the world market in the post-war period. The following methods were used in the research: factor analysis to identify the influence of various factors on the level of grain competitiveness; the statistical method when determining the variation in the volume of grain production; the calculation and construction method for calculating the areas of implementation of climate technologies and the scope of investment required; forecasting when determining the amount of greenhouse gas emissions for grain crops; the abstract logical method when formulating conclusions. It was established that the strategic orientation of further grain market development in Ukraine should contribute to its stabilization and increase in the grain competitiveness on the world market in the post-war period, subject to compliance with the requirements of the European Green Deal on the transition to a climate-neutral circular economy by 2050. The stabilization of the volume of grain production in Ukraine at the level of 65-70 million tons and the restoration of soil fertility will be facilitated by the wider use of climate technologies (minimum tillage, organic farming, irrigation systems, etc.) in combination with the reduction of plowing-up of agricultural lands. The forecast of greenhouse gas emissions for grain crops for 2030 was performed in accordance with the indicators of the Updated Nationally Determined Contribution to the Paris Agreement, and the amount of required funding was determined. The proposed system of measures to stabilize the grain market in Ukraine in the post-war period will ensure market balance between supply and demand, coordination of the interests of players on this market, and increase the competitiveness of products on the world market without deteriorating the quality of land resources.

The Indonesian government has always paid considerable attention to the existence and development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This is because the number of MSMEs in Indonesia is very large, and MSMEs are able to absorb a high enough workforce with small business capital that easily adapts to market needs. The current era of digitalization requires MSME players to maximize promotional and marketing activities online. Besides that, MSMEs must obtain basic permits such as IUMK, HS and PIRT permits. Sinar Jaya Jelutung Village is located in Bangka Regency, has 98 MSME units. MSMEs that have pocketed new permits are 34%. The type of MSME cultivated by the community in the Sinar Jaya Jelutung Village is processed food. MSMEs do not yet have an online market place to sell MSME products online. Therefore, there is a need for assistance for MSMEs in the Sinar Jaya Jelutung Village to create technology-based and competitive businesses. To realize this there are several problems that partners (MSMEs) have, namely: lack of knowledge regarding clean standard production processes, and procedures for registration to obtain IUMK, HS and PIRT permits. Another problem that partners have is limited knowledge in using technology for promotion and marketing, so they have not reached a wider market share. Solutions that can be offered are to help partners by increasing knowledge about production processes with clean standards by conducting direct coaching to partners, facilitating the registration of IUMK permits, Certificates of Eligible Hygene Sanitation and PIRT. In order to reach a wider market share and to have strong coordination among MSME players, training was conducted on registration and design of packaging stickers for the promotion and marketing of all MSME products in the Sinar Jaya Jelutung Village. Community service activities with targeted partners for MSME actors in the Sinar Jaya Jelutung Sub-District are running smoothly and well, so they can achieve the set targets. This community service activity is in the form of outreach and direct assistance to target partners. The knowledge and awareness of MSME actors has increased regarding the submission of product legality, at the end of the activity all MSME actors already have NIB and PIRT certificates. Awareness of having attractive and informative packaging stickers is increasing, MSME players have received packaging stickers to support product promotion.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are considered a seed-bed of entrepreneurship and innovation in most emerging economies; nevertheless, SMEs sometimes lack an enabling business climate, which hinders their potential growth. This paper examines the effect of corruption and bureaucracy on SMEs growth in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. The study was a quantitative research, and convenience sampling method was employed to select 373 owners/managers as respondents for the study. Employing questionnaire as its main data collection instrument, the study used Gretl version 3.0 Statistical Software for the analysis of data collected. The results of the study revealed that 1% increase in corruption in the SMEs sector leads to 36.12% decline in SMEs growth (sales and employment), and 1% increase in bureaucracy leads to 28.76% decrease in the growth of SMEs. An interesting outcome of the study was that the excessive bureaucratic bottlenecks in the SMEs sector are implied by corruption. We, therefore, conclude that there is a significant negative relationship between corruption and bureaucracy and SMEs growth. It is, therefore, recommended that the government takes a giant-step to fight corruption in the SMEs sector by ensuring transparency and accountability of public officials and also streamline its systems and activities in the sector to reduce the excessive administrative barriers. The present study adds substantial value to the body of research on SMEs as it is the first research to have considered the joint effect of corruption and bureaucracy on SMEs growth in an emerging economy like Ghana. Published In: Munyoki, Bode (Eds.): Universities, Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development in Africa - Conference Proceedings 2017. Nairobi, Kenya, 19. July 2017

The necessity and importance of conducting agricultural market research was substantiated. Features of the process of marketing research were identified, taking into account the specifics of agricultural production and sales according to time requirements. The basic principles on the basis of which the algorithms for conducting market research are developed and directly carried out were determined. The main requirements for conducting research on the state of the agricultural market were outlined, the most important being objectivity, impartiality and independence from personal or political interests. The factors that should be taken into account when conducting marketing research on the state of the agricultural market were determined, taking into account both controllable and uncontrollable factors of the marketing environment. The stages of marketing research that meet the requirements of the agricultural market were offered. Gross production volume of agricultural products was predicted and trends in the whole branch were discovered, a polynomial trend line was chosen because the equation of this model has the highest coefficients of correlation and determination, and so it describes the dynamics most reliably. The agricultural market was studied in terms of marketing, i.e. from the perspective of two subsystems, the first of which is represented by the supply, and the second by the demand. It was established that the supply of basic foodstuffs is realised by means of domestic production, and the demand is realised by means of internal and external buyers. The overall price situation on the agricultural market in Ukraine was analysed and predicted. The contemporary features and problems of formation of prices for agricultural products are outlined. The research on the modern state of agricultural market gave a reason to claim about its development being rather steady, reaffirmed by the positive dynamics of gross agricultural production volume. Key Words: agricultural marketing, marketing research, economy, development trend, agricultural market, agricultural produce.

Inclusive finance has an important role in alleviating poverty and reducing income disparities. One of the development priorities in the Government Work Plan (RKP) is the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This is based on the fact that MSMEs have contributed a lot to the national economy. The development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is very strategic. One form of government support in developing MSMEs in Tarakan City is MSME capital support through cooperatives. Can every community, especially MSME actors, get the same access to Cooperative services or not and what are the implementations and implications of these institutions for community empowerment through MSME development.This study aims to (1) determine the supporting and inhibiting factors of inclusive finance for empowering farming communities through the development of MSMEs in Cooperatives in Tarakan City (2) Knowing and analyzing the implementation of inclusive finance for empowering farming communities through the development of MSMEs in Cooperatives in Tarakan City. The data analysis method used is descriptive qualitative according to Miles and Huberman. The results of the study show that (1) Financial inclusion in cooperatives in Tarakan City is implemented through a program of providing productive capital. The implementation of this cooperative program has been quite successful, but the performance of the program has not run efficiently. The indicators of financial inclusion in question are indicators of availability of access, indicators of use, and indicators of quality. (2) The implications of financial inclusion show a positive movement in value where most of the recipients have felt the benefits and changes in economic conditions. For those who previously had a business, they felt that there was an increase in income, and for those who started a new business, they felt that there was an increase in economic capacity, although it was not too significant. So, the implications of inclusive finance for Cooperatives in Tarakan City have been able to create empowerment for the community, although not yet significantly.Keywords: Inclusive Finance, Empowermen, Cooperatives

<em>The research was conducted on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Magelang and Temanggung areas. The problem in this study is whether social media and its benefits affect the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). How does the use of social media affect the marketing of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using social media on the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). to determine the effect of using social media on the marketing of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The method in this research is this research is a descriptive observational research on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Magelang City and Temanggung City. This study uses in-depth interviews and observations of SMEs. Methods of descriptive statistical analysis and qualitative analysis. Results are displayed in tables and graphs. The results show that MSMEs have used social media in developing their business, especially in product introduction and marketing. The most widely used social media are Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp</em>

Trends in the development of the housing market in Ukraine, dynamics of its fluctuations, the identification of key factors that may lead to changes and shifts in the Ukrainian housing market, the impact of the respective primary housing sectors, factors shaping the consumer preferences of households in connection with demand for housing, modeling the housing market and the prospects for the development of the housing market in Ukraine, are considered in this article. The authors pay attention to certain methodological features and factors that shape the specific functioning of the housing market in Ukraine and create the appropriate preconditions for determining the prospects for its further development. Taking into account the technical, operational, consumer and cost characteristics of such a product as housing, and the specifics of the organization and implementation of the production process in construction, the implementation of a cobweb model is proposed to determine the nature of functioning and prospects for further development of the Ukrainian housing market.

This paper has reviewed vegetable market development from vegetable circulation system, the develop history of the liberalize vegetable market and the growth of the vegetable wholesale market in China. From the development of vegetables market in China and its characteristics: the development of vegetable market in China is related to vegetable market system, the change of institution, some technology development and infrastructure. this paper has put forward some related measures to perfect the vegetable market and improve the vegetable circulation efficiency in China.

Purpose The Indonesian Government has taken many measures to support the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are expected to play a crucial role in employment creation, gross domestic product growth, and non-oil and gas export development. The purpose of this paper is to examine recent developments of SMEs in Indonesia. More specifically, it aims to address the following research questions: How important are SMEs in Indonesia? What are their main constraints? What is the impact of women entrepreneurs on SME development? and Can Indonesian SMEs be sources of innovation? Design/methodology/approach The paper analyzes data from Indonesia's National Agency of Statistics and reviews key literature and secondary data on Indonesian SMEs. Findings First, SMEs have been the main player in domestic economic activities as they account for more than 99.9 percent of all firms and employ 96.2 percent of the workforce. Second, key SME constraints include lack of finance and marketing difficulties. Third, representation of women entrepreneurs is still relatively low and can be attributed to low level of education and cultural/religious constraints. Finally, SME innovation capability is low for several key reasons. Originality/value The paper considers the involvement of women in SMEs in a Muslim-majority country and contributes to the literature on the innovation capability of SMEs.

This community service focuses on the development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) “Tempe Endul” in Paya Gambar Village, Deli Serdang Regency. Previously, these MSMEs faced barriers to promotion and sales because they were not registered on Google My Business and did not use digital technology. The purpose of the service is to increase the visibility of MSMEs by registering them on Google My Business and provide support in implementing digital marketing strategies. Through mentoring, field observations and interviews, “Tempe Endul” MSMEs can understand the importance of digital marketing. Loyalty helps register these MSMEs on Google My Business and optimize their business profile with contact information, address, product photos, and customer reviews. As a result, this business is now shown on Google Maps with a clear address, opening hours and full contact details. Using Google My Business offers significant benefits. Customers can easily find and order Endul tempeh, and this MSME can enhance its positive image and revenue. The use of digital technology enables MSMEs to compete in the industry 4.0 era and expand their market reach. This service illustrates the importance of adopting digital technology to increase MSME competitiveness, overcome advertising limitations and boost the local economy. The result of this service has been increased visibility and performance of “Tempe Endul” MSMEs through the implementation of Google My Business. With the help of digital technology, MSMEs can optimize marketing activities, reach more customers, and increase revenue. This move reflects the strategic potential of MSMEs in supporting the local economy and overcoming obstacles encountered in the current era of digitalization.

In Iran, approximately 94 percent of the country’s economic enterprises are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). SMEs are limited-scale economic entities that, through the accumulation of micro-financial resources, entrepreneurship, and linkages with industries, create opportunities for economic development. These enterprises also play a vital role in economic growth, employment, wealth creation, and poverty reduction in countries. Despite the significant role of SMEs in economic growth, in most developing countries these companies have not been able to perform effectively in the economic growth process. One of the major reasons for the lack of growth of SMEs in most developing countries is the lack of access to financing and severe constraints in accessing liquidity. Considering the importance of this issue, this study, based on global experience and adopting a systematic review approach, analyzes SME financing by the banking sector. In this study, 215 research works were identified, and after screening, 31 relevant and high-quality studies published between 2010 and 2024 were collected. Based on the findings of this research, it can be argued that company size, company age, corruption, company location, business plan, trust level, income and profitability level, length of banking relationships, number of company owners, field of activity, managerial personality, credit history, high liquidity and repayment period, and SMEs’ adaptation to technology are among the determining factors in improving SMEs’ access to bank credits and facilities.

The article examines the current state, characteristics and prospects of the market circulation of digestate, a by-product of anaerobic fermentation of biomass, which is a key element in the development of bioenergy and the circular economy. The chemical composition, agronomic value and classification of digestates depending on the type of raw material, aggregate state and degree of stabilisation are analysed. It is shown that digestate is an effective organic fertiliser capable of improving the physical and chemical properties of soils, promoting humus accumulation and restoring the microbiocenosis. Particular focus is given to the international experience of regulating digestate use in agriculture. The regulatory approaches of EU countries, Great Britain, China, the USA, Canada and Australia with regard to the safety, certification, logistics and agronomic monitoring of digestate-based fertilisers are analysed. The implementation of innovative technologies, such as digeponics, vermicomposting and microalgae cultivation, which enable the production of a wider range of value-added products, is emphasised. The need for further standardisation, infrastructure provision and incentive policies to develop the digestate market is emphasised. The potential environmental risks associated with the uncontrolled use of digestate are identified, in particular the eutrophication of water bodies and the accumulation of heavy metals. Statistical data on digestate production volumes in leading countries, including Germany, China, the United States and Ukraine, has been summarised. The key barriers to commercialising digestate are identified, and the strategic directions for integrating it into agricultural systems as a resource with high agronomic and economic potential are outlined. A comprehensive analysis of the current state, problems and prospects for the development of the digestate market in Ukraine in the context of the transition to a circular bioeconomy has been carried out. The agronomic value of digestate as a by-product of anaerobic fermentation, which can serve as an effective source of organic substances and macroelements for soil nutrition, has been revealed. The volumes of digestate production in Ukraine (1.5-2.0 million tonnes per year), the structure of its use, economic efficiency and factors affecting its market attractiveness have been assessed. Emphasis is placed on regulatory, technological, logistical and informational barriers that hinder the full development of the secondary market for biological fertilisers. The necessity for legislative recognition of digestate as an agrochemical product, the adaptation of national standards to European norms, the development of processing and certification infrastructure, and the creation of an information platform for market participants is substantiated. Mechanisms to stimulate demand, based on financial instruments and educational programmes for farmers, are also proposed. A scenario forecast for the development of the digestate market until 2030 is presented, considering the potential increase in its share of the organic fertiliser market from 8% to 22%. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematisation of international experience in regulating the digestate market, the adaptation of global practices to Ukrainian conditions, the assessment of the economic potential of digestate as a commodity product, and the formation of a forecast model for its integration into the agricultural sector of Ukraine.