РАЗВИТИЕ СРЕДОВОГО ДИЗАЙНА КАК НАУЧНОЙ И АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЙ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ В РОССИИ И КИТАЕ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ

The article presents a study of the peculiarities of legal regulation of the development of the regional creative industry cluster in the Saratov and Ulyanovsk regions through the analysis of materials of federal laws, strategic documents for the development of regions, regulatory and legal acts aimed at supporting socio-economic development, regulation of investment and innovation, entrepreneurship in the cultural sectors industries based on data obtained by content analysis. The concept of “creative industries” has not been fixed in the Russian legal field, although it is embedded in the rhetoric of the executive branch of individual regions in software solutions for the development of their innovative potential, urban comfortable environment, small and medium-sized businesses. The study is based on an analysis of categories such as creative industries, creative clusters, and spatial development. The purpose of the study is formulated at the intersection of the problem field, including the representation of the concepts in question in official documents, programs, regulatory acts as management mechanisms and systemic support for the sphere of culture and art, creative entrepreneurship. To achieve the goal, content analysis was used. In the framework of this method, legal and strategic documents of the federal, regional and municipal levels in the field of cultural policy, culture and art, socio-economic development, outlined by the time interval from 1991 to 2019, were selected. The units of content analysis are culture, creativity, creativity, entrepreneurship, social and economic security, innovative development, investment activity, spatial and regional development. The selected categories were analyzed taking into account the specifics of territorial management and regulation of the sphere of culture and art. During the analysis of official documents, thematic areas were identified that determine the semantic field of creative industries, including the legal field of culture, spatial and innovative development of regions as a potential for the development of clusters of creative industries, regional features of including creative industries in the agenda of socio-economic development of Russian entities. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are drawn that the institutionalization of creative practices related to economic activity is gradually acquiring formal relations, making the segment of creative and creative industries visible to regional entrepreneurs and governments. At the same time, the concept of creative industries at the moment has not received due attention from the legislative and executive authorities. Outside of discussions are questions of the development of creative clusters and the conditions for their functioning within the framework of cluster policy. This, in turn, makes sustainable discussions about the residual principle of financing the sphere of culture and art, maintaining the discourse on culture and art in the aspect of preserving traditions, values, social norms and expectations of the state and population.

This chapter aims to seek insight into engagement in context, conceived through Productive Disciplinary Engagement (PDE), which can be perceived as a condition for sustained disciplinary and interdisciplinary interest and motivation. Despite ongoing trends in the design and implementation of enriched learning environments that are expected to boost effective use of material and digital tools along with new sources of information, the empirical research on their motivational and emotional consequences is still in its infancy. These environments challenge, cognitively as well as motivationally, emotionally, and socially, both students and teachers alike. Keeping in mind the challenging times for future learning and work-life, engagement and motivation are discussed with a focus on science disciplines. In these fields, there is a strong call for proficient skills in collaborative team learning, problem-solving, and collective knowledge creation in anticipation of an uncertain, challenging future. Knowledge-intensive work and knowledge demands are escalating along with fast technological development, and simultaneously tasks that demand new, not yet even existing and partly unpredicted knowledge and expertise are increasing. In addition, knowledge and expertise are progressively more distributed, with new knowledge, products and innovations being created in collaboration that crosses disciplinary borders. In this chapter, three case illustrations in different science fields and learning contexts provide empirical evidence for the discussion on the learned lessons from these illustrated studies designed to support PDE, and the potential significance of PDE for productive collaboration, sustained disciplinary interest, and motivation given later development of adaptive expertise.

The article formulates the main directions and aspects of the topical and unexplored problem of genre implementation of PR communication and its variability in the cultural and artistic sphere in the Ukrainian humanities. Based on the texts of the National Art Museum of Ukraine, the Museum of the History of the City of Kyiv, the Kyiv National Academic Young Theater, the Kyiv Academic Drama Theater on Podil, the National Cultural, Art and Museum Complex "Mystetsky Arsenal", the Kyiv International Film Festival "Molodist", published on their official websites, pages on Instagram, Facebook, and the video hosting Youtube, an analysis of existing genres, their invariants and varieties that implement PR functions and proposals in accordance with the main goals and objectives in the most appropriate ways using verbal and non-verbal means, taking into account the object (art, culture), the heterogeneity of recipients, and the requirements of the modern digital environment is carried out. It was found that since the cultural and artistic product is highly emotional and socially significant, the genres of PR texts should reflect informativeness (press release, post-release, reportage, etc.), analyticalness (article, review, comment, etc.) and emotionality (stories, reels, etc.), influentialness / manipulativeness (advertising genres), aesthetics (the studied sphere of social activity largely meets these needs of recipients). It was found that the genre system of PR in the cultural and artistic sphere is open and dynamic, consisting of three main groups that function simultaneously, ensuring integrated communication: traditional PR genres, media genres and Internet genres. The transformation of traditional genres, the emergence of new ones and their combination are due to "economy of attention and language resources", dialogicity and interactivity, creolization. Research into the effectiveness of individual genres at different language levels and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for generating PR texts in this area have been identified as perspective.

Associations between the home physical environment and child self-regulation: A conceptual exploration

PurposeThe purposes of this research were to review, analyze, synthesize and define the principles, indicators and required design elements of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and the potential role of the design of the courtyards in preventing campus violence; to examine the relationships between built environment design and campus violence inside Al al-Bayt University (AABU), Jordan; and to examine to what extent the design of the open public spaces and courtyards inside AABU meet the design principles of the CPTED.Design/methodology/approachThis research used descriptive-analytical approach, semi-structured interviews, archival records and videos to collect the location-based data of violent events and incidents that occurred on the campus of AABU (the locations of students' fights). Additionally, this research used AABU images; plans, spatial analysis, site visits and direct observations to analyze and assess the courtyards’ design and to examine to what extent the design of courtyards and open public spaces in AABU achieve the CPTED indicators, and the availability and the quality of the required design elements of CPTED and their role in violence prevention.FindingsThis research found that environmental-based design plays a major role in reducing crime opportunities and promote positive social behavior. This research found that the indicators to achieve the CPTED principles in all courtyard design inside AABU are very low and all the courtyards’ designs are not complied and conformed to the CPTED principles, and as a result, the design of the courtyards encourages and may facilitate violence in the university campus. It has been found that the availability and the quality of the required CPTED design elements are very low in all courtyards. Therefore, the existing design elements in all courtyards in AABU are not preventing the university violence. The correlation result revealed that there is significant relationship and strong/very strong negative linear association between the numbers of the students' fights and the applying of CPTED principles, indicators and required design elements (r = −0.85).Research limitations/implicationsThe data collected from AABU campus only and a larger study is certainly required to underpin these findings. Therefore, future research is needed to replicate and duplicate this research in order to expand the results.Practical implicationsThis research has implications for designing/redesigning the open public space and courtyards inside universities. This research recommended that redesigning all courtyards and applying the principles of CPTED are necessary to prevent campus violence. Redesigning includes adding landscaping elements, fountains, water features, pedestrian furniture, portrait, setting areas, new modern sculptures, shaded areas, lighting, memorial places, digital screens and cameras. Moreover, this research recommended that the university should pay more attention to continuous control, repair and maintenance to all courtyards after redesigning them. Finally, this research introduced a design proposal for one of the courtyards to apply the CPTED principles that promote positive behavior and prevent campus violence.Originality/valueIn the last few years in Jordan, some of the public and private Jordanian universities suffered from a newly emerging negative phenomenon, which is violence between students inside the campus. Many researchers and governmental institutions have stressed the urgency to explore the social, cultural, behavioral and environmental strategies that may effectively prevent campus violence. Additionally, little attention has been paid to the role of built environmental design in preventing campus violence. Moreover, no research assesses the applying of the CPTED principles and their indicators in courtyards’ design in Jordanian campuses.

Interdisciplinarity, which is a part of the research paradigm in all fields of science constitutes a real challenge in research. It manifests itself particularly in the diversity of the undertaken research topics, in the variety of the adopted research approaches (theoretical, methodological, normative, empirical-descriptive), and in the flexibility and the ability to see both the scientific problems as well as the economic and social needs. The ability to cross the boundaries between the fields of technical and social sciences, to identify problems and to seek solutions at the frontiers of scientific disciplines, the eagerness to work in research teams diverse in terms of competence, age, skills, creating conditions for both the personal development and that of individual team members, breaking the stereotypical ways of thinking in the process of solving problems and anticipating future events are all features of an academic culture nurtured by Professor Joanicjusz Nazarko. His profile, which is an extraordinary example of the successfully implemented interdisciplinarity principle in research and teaching, is presented in this article at the occasion of his 60th birthday. The paper highlights the research of Professor Joanicjusz Nazarko, presents a review of his extensive scientific work and lists some of his publications.

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to develop scientifically based concepts for the formation of artistic and design images of Ukrainian festive and educational events in a landscape environment (using the example of the National Literary and Memorial Museum of G.S. Skovoroda). Methodology. The research methodology is based on systemic and environmental approaches, which are focused on the study of complexly organized systems, which include open-air museum complexes. The work uses structural and compositional analysis and synthesis of architectural and design objects in the natural landscape; historical and chronological, visual and analytical, comparative analysis method, typological systematization method, monitoring method, expert subjective assessment method, and experimental design and forecasting method. Results. The following are identified: priority global trends in the field of lighting design of the subject-spatial exterior environment, which are widely used in the practice of Ukrainian lighting designers; types of architectural and landscape LED lighting in the territories of museum complexes are systematized. As a result of the pre-project analysis of the design object, the following were developed: an updated planning solution and functional zoning of the territory of the G.S. Skovoroda museum complex; concepts of light-color complex formation of design objects for the implementation of scenarios of national Ukrainian holidays (Ivana Kupala, Apple Savior) using immersive technologies (virtual reality). A landmark art object was designed – a fountain based on the idea (drawing) of G.S. Skovoroda “Unequal equality for all”. This design concept of artistic and design images in practice, it can be implemented by specialists from Kharkiv enterprises and LEDLIFE LLC, which perform similar tasks in the city of Kharkiv. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the obtained research results lies in the fact that: – for the first time, based on systematized modern world trends in the field of LED technologies, design concepts for the formation of artistic and design images of Ukrainian folk holidays in the landscape environment of the National Literary and Memorial Museum of G.S. Skovoroda have been developed; – the stylistic techniques of LED lighting and the selection of LED equipment in accordance with the theme, symbolism and attributes of Ukrainian folk holidays and festivals have been improved; – the scenario approach to the formation of light and color design objects in the architectural and landscape spaces of museum complexes has been further developed. Practical relevance. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the obtained theoretical results in the educational process of higher education applicants in the educational and professional programs “Architectural and Landscape Environment” and “Environmental Design”, as well as in the possibility adaptation and implementation of developed design concepts of artistic and figurative solutions for Ukrainian folk holidays in similar Ukrainian open-air museums.

In some circumstances, immersion in virtual environments with the aid of virtual reality (VR) equipment can create feelings of anxiety in users and be experienced as something “frightening”, “oppressive”, “alienating”, “dehumanizing”, or “dystopian”. Sometimes (e.g., in exposure therapy or VR gaming), a virtual environment is intended to have such psychological impacts on users; however, such effects can also arise unintentionally due to the environment’s poor architectural design. Designers of virtual environments may employ user-centered design (UCD) to incrementally improve a design and generate a user experience more closely resembling the type desired; however, UCD can yield suboptimal results if an initial design relied on an inappropriate architectural approach. This study developed a framework that can facilitate the purposeful selection of the most appropriate architectural approach by drawing on Norberg-Schulz’s established phenomenological account of real-world architectural modes. By considering the unique possibilities for structuring and experiencing space within virtual environments and reinterpreting Norberg-Schulz’s schemas in the context of virtual environment design, a novel framework was formulated that explicates six fundamental “architectural paradigms” available to designers of virtual environments. It was shown that the application of this framework could easily be incorporated as an additional step within the UCD process.

El estudio examina las estrategias y prácticas utilizadas por los artistas en el oeste de Ucrania para promover y representar el arte contemporáneo a finales del siglo XX y principios del XXI. Nuestra atención se centra en el papel de las instituciones culturales y artísticas en la configuración del valor del arte durante una época de crisis y cambio en la jerarquía de estas instituciones. El estudio utiliza una variedad de fuentes, incluyendo catálogos, folletos de galerías, archivos privados y productos de librería actuales, así como entrevistas con participantes en estos procesos. Argumentamos que el surgimiento del arte contemporáneo en Ucrania occidental está estrechamente relacionado con la formación de un capital cultural a fines del siglo XX gracias a la participación de capital social, político y burocrático. El estudio también analiza las formas en que los artistas y poetas han pasado de la «esfera del arte» a la «esfera de la cultura» al convertirse en «estrellas» y crear sus propias instituciones, como curadurías independientes, entornos artísticos para el diálogo cultural, galerías privadas, editoriales y distintos formatos mediáticos.

Feminism is for everybody

Background. Within the framework of art-historical discourse, the peculiarities of the influence of design developments and concepts on progress of humanity are considered. Researchers offer ambiguous estimates of this phenomenon, discussions are lasting and different opinions on the issues of influence of design on technological and cultural progress of human society are putting forward. The aim of the paper is to systematize and generalize scientific concepts about the design role in the society progress. Novelty of the research consisting in synthesis of information on features of development of design for the last years in various spheres of culture and social practice defines its practical significance: the Ukrainian educators and art critics can consider the information contained in the article useful to develop new strategy of training in bases of design to non-specialist students. Methodology. Major publications and monographs on the subject have been reviewed. It has been found that terminological judgment of design began with the middle of the XX century, first, within postmodern paradigm. The design as a component of culture correlates with cultural and art traditions, philosophy, ecology and other areas of public and humanitarian knowledge. Hence, the study of the role of design in ensuring progress provides for the wide use of theoretical and methodological tools not only of design theory, but also of other disciplines: art history, cultural studies, social psychology, aesthetics, ecology, etc. The design is considered both as universal and as a national phenomenon. The definitions of design in the works of a number of domestic and foreign authors in the context of its cultural-creative influence are compared. The analysis of design in its connection with artistic creativity is carried out. The components of contemporary design art are determined, the characteristic to the newest manifestations of design is given. Results. The design represents the hierarchical structure expressed by means of а material, space and balance of proportions, contrasts, repetitions (in ornaments, etc.), scale and a form, a size, a color and density, texture and weight, and other. It is possible to consider culture of design as the huge multilayered text, which is written down by different ways in different spheres of culture and art. However the dilemma “art or production” in the sphere of design is inevitable. Design is directly involved in technical progress in material culture and uses the art of planning, invention, modeling as a method, also introducing new object forms (see, for example, Vershinin & Melentyev, 2005: 1001). The design role in culture is connected with creation of esthetically perfect fine environment. At the same time, it is differentiated essentially depending on the region of the world. So, design creativity is reasonably considered a manifestation of project activities and project culture of the 20th century. However, the progressive function of design at the beginning of the 21st century is that design is becoming a way to bridge the gap between technical civilization and spiritual culture, and design projecting is becoming a way of harmonizing human life in a modern environment. The importance of design for the progress of humankind is clearly demonstrated by the modern ecological direction, one of the components of the international movement of “green” design, namely, “environmental” design. This concept implies the creation of products that are compatible with the environment, the reduction and complete elimination of the negative impact on nature through the use of alternative resources and energy, as well as non-toxic materials. Ideally, the design should be in line with the “3R” ecological principle: reduce, reuse, and recycle. The value of design for progress in art can be understood, having only tracked integration of painting, architecture, industrial and graphic design and having seen what the role in tangled process of creation of design is played by contents and a form, which also are the expression of the thought, the point of view and social responsibility of the designers. It is also important to emphasize the role of the designer’s profession, because for many artists design and art is a cultural mission, where life and work are inseparable. Judgments of design in art are formed, proceeding from two types of estimates: symbolical, or associative (external), and formal (internal). Symbolical estimates are mostly subjective and have no relation to design or art per se, being most often based on a habit, rumors, others thought, personal factors, prejudices, misunderstanding, that is on social, psychological, political, financial and even religious factors. Internal assessments concern an esthetics and actually design (appearance of the work of art, its visual quality) regardless of what it personifies. If external estimates belong to contents, then internal – to beauty. The latter is difficult to measure it and here such factors as talent, erudition, taste, susceptibility, experience and visual feeling matter. When determining a role of design in art, it is also necessary to remember that the principles of laconicism, laws of color, a rhythm and even plot equally work in any material, these fundamentals exist out of time, space, the state, school or style. To resume, human progress is largely driven by the positive influences of design concepts. Summarizing the views of Ukrainian and foreign researchers, it can be argued that design as a type of purposeful creative activity of mankind contributes to progress, since: 1) provides support for the development of civilization by creating new and improving known man-made objects; 2) creates an optimal human environment in order to achieve maximum comfort of his existence; 3) contributes to the formation of creative personality traits, its purposeful activity, which is one of the main social tasks. Design acts as an universal phenomenon, which covers different spheres of human activity, being, at the same time, the factor of socio-cultural communication and the basis for personality realization. As the socio-cultural phenomenon, it correlates with understanding of the person as source of intrinsic forces acting like the harmony catalyst in space.

Introduction. The relevance of this study is explained by the rapid social and political homogenization of Europe; the “disclosure” of many documents indicative of sociocultural changes in Eastern Europe; an increasing chronological gap between the research subject and its researcher that enables to use scientific verification methods instead of ideologically “correct” paradigms.Methods. The methodological basis of this article is the principles of systematicity and objectivity. While conducting this research, the author also used genetic, typological, comparative, hermeneutic and semiotic methods.Results. Throughout the postwar history, Polish filmmakers were bringing stories about World War II to the silver screen. The concept of a war feature film also changed depending on the postwar development of Poland.Discussion. The necessary conditions for studying the evolution of Polish war feature films based on systematicity and objectivity are as follows: the analysis of the Polish sociocultural postwar development (periodization with distinguishing essential characteristics of each period); the determination of main trends in the development of spiritual culture as a part of sociocultural processes; the analysis of the state-party politics in the sphere of culture, art and cinema.Conclusion. Throughout the postwar development, Polish filmmakers were addressing the topic of war. Their attitude to war changed depending on the country’s socio-cultural development and the evolution of its spiritual culture. For instance, war feature films were the most prominent trend in the development of the Polish cinema in the second half of the 1940s and the first half of the 1950s. Between 1956 and 1960, the Polish Film School was established and was characterized by a high interest in war-related films (alongside other topics and problems represented in the cinema of that time). In the 1970s, war feature films were still relevant but gave way to flicks about modern times. In the 1980s, this topic “withdrew into the shadows” not only in cinematography but also in other artistic spheres. It was mostly used in films to better interpret other topics.

Landscape ecology as a discipline in science is rather young. However its principles appear promising in outlining conservation strategies including a wide range of organisms, particularly birds. Birds due to their mobility use a variety of environmental resources, especially habitats. However, currently these habitats are only available in patches over most of the tropical world. Further whatever is left is under constant human pressure. This paper, therefore, addresses this problem and suggests means of dealing with it using the landscape approach as outlined by landscape ecology. The landscape approach starts with the realization that patches of habitats are open and interact with one another. Corridors of trees along roads, hedgerows and canals in a landscape can aid in the movement of species. Hence the landscape approach considers patches of habitats as interacting elements in the large matrix of the landscape. The landscape approach also integrates concepts. It puts together often debated issues such as whether to preserve maximum species diversity, to maximize representativeness, or to preserve only the valuable species. Based on a case study of the Uttara Kannada district in Karnataka, these oft-opposing views and complications can be dealt with practically and synthesized into a conservation strategy for the diverse avifauna of the Western Ghats.

Media is an important aspect of the socio-cultural field of modern human. The flow of media information tends to continuous growth and development, penetrating all spheres of human life, realizing the phenomenon of ubiquity. Gradually, this phenomenon takes on the function of creating a cultural environment and also draws the individual into the process of global creativity.At the same time, media culture remains a contradictory phenomenon capable of forming anonymous positions regarding cultural, artistic, moral values, etc. Thus, the media field carries with itself the potential for destruction, which can extend primarily to the spiritual and moral realms of human existence.However, the main functions of modern media culture are positive.Today, the problem of media culture is a vast industry that attracts the attention of researchers. New theoretical concepts and approaches to the study of outlined issues are emerging.An important role in the study of different aspects of media culture and the formation of the foundation of a modern understanding of media reality play the research of V. Benjamin, J. Baudrillard, M. McLuhan, G. Marcuse, Z. Krakauer, O. Astafieva, O. Baranov, V. Vozchikova, I. Zasursky, N. Kirillova, A. Kostina, K. Razlogov, V. Savchuk, K. Tarasov, L. Kogan, Y. Usov, A. Fedorov, N. Khrenov, M. Yampolsky, I. Chelysheva and others. These authors conducted research that helped to identify the main patterns and key trends in the development of media culture.Defining the notion of media reality and media space requires the study of the work of scientists in various fields of science, including philosophy, history, sociology, etc. Such works are the works of P. Bourdieu, G. Simmel, V. Ilyin, L. Ionin, P. Sorokin A. Filipova, A. Jacobson.Various theoretical concepts of mass media, studying the concepts of media reality and its representation, in particular, and detailed studies of the theory of communication, are present in the works of G. Bakulev, M. Vasylik, J. Nikolaev and others.Some aspects of mediareality problems are considered in the works of Zh.P. Verillo, J. Deleuze, J. Derrida, N. Luman, M. McLuhan, M. Foucault, V. Konev, O. Kuznetsova, S. Lishayev.Issues under consideration are also in the field of attention of Ukrainian researchers, in particular, V. Golovey, M. Zhurba,N. Zrazhevskaya, V. Ilganaeva, V. Isayev, T. Lugutsenko, M. Mazorenko, D. Petrenko, B. Potyatinnik, L. Starodubtseva, G. Chmil and others.A comprehensive study of the concept of media culture as a factor that can directly influence the formation of the image of reality in the public consciousness, seems to us an important question today. In particular, the issue of the historical development of audiovisual, that is, on-screen, media culture, which becomes the main media environment, is particularly relevant.The formation of the modern media culture originates from the invention of photography and cinematography. The development of these phenomena as technologies and the increase of their aesthetic potential created the basis for the emergence of television and digital art, whereby the development is in the direction of increasing the potential of interactivity.The advent of technogenic arts allowed humanity to enter a new - iconic - era of media culture. With the development of media, specific expressive means have emerged. Today media culture has ample opportunities to represent media reality. Technologies that were intended to serve as a means of copying reality began to transform it. In line with further technological advancements, technogenic arts are taking on new functions, significantly expanding the possibilities of constructing the surrounding world.

The article deals with the problem of rejuvenation of the staff potential in scientific organizations and higher educational institutions through the selection and motivation of talented young specialists to build their career trajectory in the field of science, high technology and higher education. The authors provide a detailed description of the target characteristics necessary for successful work in a creative environment. Based on original methods and building on the basic provisions of the theory of motivational complex work activities and use of the MMPI diagnostic test, they define the reference variant personality, and motivational profile of the scientist and compare it with the real profiles of undergraduate and graduate students wishing or not wishing to continue their graduate education with subsequent employment in a higher school or scientific organization. By logical comparison of the reference and real profiles, the article came to the paradoxical conclusion that people who are predisposed to scientific activity do not have aspirations to enter graduate school. Those who are professionally unfit for scientific activity, on the contrary, tend towards graduate school. Based on the analysis of the causes of this situation, a number of proposals for improving the system of professional selection and motivation of talented young professionals are formulated and justified. They are mainly related to the development of diagnostic tests for career guidance and the use of the postdoctoral institute. The authors suggest that the implementation of these proposals will contribute to the rejuvenation and strengthening of the human resources of higher educational institutions and scientific organizations in the Russian Federation.