ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА РАЗВИТИЯ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ ПОЧЕК И МОЧЕВЫДЕЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ СРЕДИ ДЕТЕЙ, ПРОЖИВАЮЩИХ В РАЙОНАХ КРАЙНЕГО СЕВЕРА

We aimed to determine the characteristic adverse events (AEs) of iodinated contrast media (IOCM) and to compare the safety profiles of different IOCM. This study used the database of AEs reports submitted by healthcare professionals from 15 Regional Pharmacovigilance Centers between June 24, 2009 and December 31, 2010 in Korea. All reports of IOCM, including iopromide, iohexol, iopamidol, iomeprol, ioversol, iobitridol and iodixanol, were analyzed. Safety profiles were compared between different IOCM at the system organ level using the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Among a total of 48,261 reports, 6,524 (13.5%) reports were related to the use of IOCM. Iopromide (45.5%), iohexol (16.9%), iopamidol (14.3%) and iomeprol (10.3%) were identified as frequently reported media. 'Platelet, bleeding & clotting disorders' (PRR, 29.6; 95%CI, 1.9-472.6) and 'urinary system disorders' (PRR, 22.3; 95% CI, 17.1-29.1) were more frequently reported for iodixanol than the other IOCM. In conclusion, the frequency of AEs by organ class was significantly different between individual media. These differences among different IOCM should be considered when selecting a medium among various IOCM and when monitoring patients during and after its use to ensure optimum usage and patient safety.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and urinary tract disorders such as Mutraghataroha (Urinary Tract Infection - UTI), Mutrakshyam (Anuria), Mutrakriccharam (Dribbling Urination), and Mutrashmari (Renal Calculi) are prevalent health concerns that significantly impact renal function and overall well-being. Conventional treatments, including antibiotics, diuretics, and dialysis, often lead to side effects and complications. Ayurvedic medicine offers a holistic and natural approach to maintaining kidney health and managing urinary disorders. This study clinically validates Nephrofit Capsule, a proprietary Ayurvedic formulation, for its efficacy in supporting renal function, alleviating urinary disorders, and improving prostate health. The primary objective of this Phase-IIA, single-center, open-label, therapeutic exploratory clinical trial was to assess the safety and efficacy of Nephrofit Capsule in managing kidney and urinary tract disorders. Methods: A total of 20 patients diagnosed with kidney and urinary disorders were recruited following ethical clearance. Patients were administered 1-2 capsules twice daily with lukewarm water for 30 days. Clinical and laboratory investigations were conducted on Day 1 (Baseline) and Day 30 (End of Trial) by qualified AYUSH practitioners. Symptoms such as frequent urination, painful urination, urinary retention, and kidney function markers were closely monitored. Results: After 30 days of treatment, 75% (15 patients) exhibited very good improvement, 15% (3 patients) showed moderate improvement, 5% (1 patient) had mild improvement, and 5% (1 patient) had no significant improvement. The study also found notable improvements in prostate health in male patients. Conclusion: The findings confirm that Nephrofit Capsule is an effective Ayurvedic intervention for kidney health, urinary tract infections, and prostate health. The formulation demonstrated significant symptom relief and improved renal function, making it a promising natural alternative for managing renal and urinary disorders. Further large-scale trials are recommended for broader validation.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and urinary tract disorders such as Mutraghataroha (Urinary Tract Infection - UTI), Mutrakshyam (Anuria), Mutrakriccharam (Dribbling Urination), and Mutrashmari (Renal Calculi) are prevalent health concerns that significantly impact renal function and overall well-being. Conventional treatments, including antibiotics, diuretics, and dialysis, often lead to side effects and complications. Ayurvedic medicine offers a holistic and natural approach to maintaining kidney health and managing urinary disorders. This study clinically validates Nephrofit Capsule, a proprietary Ayurvedic formulation, for its efficacy in supporting renal function, alleviating urinary disorders, and improving prostate health. The primary objective of this Phase-IIA, single-center, open-label, therapeutic exploratory clinical trial was to assess the safety and efficacy of Nephrofit Capsule in managing kidney and urinary tract disorders. Methods: A total of 20 patients diagnosed with kidney and urinary disorders were recruited following ethical clearance. Patients were administered 1-2 capsules twice daily with lukewarm water for 30 days. Clinical and laboratory investigations were conducted on Day 1 (Baseline) and Day 30 (End of Trial) by qualified AYUSH practitioners. Symptoms such as frequent urination, painful urination, urinary retention, and kidney function markers were closely monitored. Results: After 30 days of treatment, 75% (15 patients) exhibited very good improvement, 15% (3 patients) showed moderate improvement, 5% (1 patient) had mild improvement, and 5% (1 patient) had no significant improvement. The study also found notable improvements in prostate health in male patients. Conclusion: The findings confirm that Nephrofit Capsule is an effective Ayurvedic intervention for kidney health, urinary tract infections, and prostate health. The formulation demonstrated significant symptom relief and improved renal function, making it a promising natural alternative for managing renal and urinary disorders. Further large-scale trials are recommended for broader validation.

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are promising technologies that can help make the health system more efficient, which concurrently can be particularly useful to help maintain a high quality of life for older adults, especially in light of healthcare staff shortage. Many health issues are challenging to manage both by healthcare staff and policymakers. They have a negative impact on older adults and their families and are an economic burden to societies around the world. This situation is particularly critical for older adults, a population highly vulnerable to diseases that needs more consideration and care. It is, therefore, crucial to improve diagnostic and management as well as proposed prevention strategies to enhance the health and quality of life of older adults. In this study, we focus on detecting symptoms in early stages of diseases to prevent the deterioration of older adults' health and avoid complications. We focus on digestive and urinary system disorders [mainly the Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and the Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)] that are known to affect older adult populations and that are detrimental to their health and quality of life. Our proposed approach relies on unobtrusive IoT and change point detections algorithms to help follow older adults' health status daily. The approach monitors long-term behavior changes and detects possible changes in older adults' behavior suggesting early onsets or symptoms of IBS and UTI. We validated our approach with medical staff reports and IoT data collected in the residence of 16 different older adults during periods ranging from several months to a few years. Results are showing that our proposed approach can detect changes associated to symptoms of UTI and IBS, which were confirmed with observations and testimonies from the medical staff.

Process of care and activity in a clinically inclusive ambulatory emergency care unit: progressive effect over time on clinical outcomes and acute medical admissions

ABSTRACT: A pet such as a domestic cat (Felis Catus) with a sterile male sex aged 1 year 7 months with a body weight of 3.7 kg where the animal is affected by urinary system disorders namely Nephritis. Nephritis is kidney inflammation that can occur in the glomerulus, pyelum or tubules. Clinical symptoms shown in patients include polyuria, decreased appetite, and vomiting. For the diagnosis of Nephritis clinically evaluated based on changes in urination behavior, palpation of the dorsal abdominal caudal thoracic is temporarily labored based on a urine dipstick test containing protein ++ (± 100 mg / dL), leukocytes valued at +, urine specific gravity of 1,015 while based on ultrasound examination thickening of the renal cortex, medullary and cortical border is not apparent, renal size is 4.21 cm, kidney capsules that appear hyperechoic, and ascites in the abdomen. Cats treated with isotonic fluid infusion fluids, wet and dry diet diets, antibiotics, multivitamins, and anti-inflammatory. Inpatient animals for 4 days showed improvement in clinical symptoms, namely drinking quite well, starting to stand up, there was movement for activities, and urine was clearer.

BACKGROUND: The miR-29 family (miR-29a/b/c) is recognized as a tumor suppressor, directly targeting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), key regulators of epigenetic gene silencing. Even though miR-29 has been implicated in tumor progression, its regulatory interaction with DNMT3A/3B, particularly in prostate cancer (PCa), has not been elucidated well. This study was conducted to explore the potential of miR-29a/b/c in targeting DNMT3A/3B in PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), addressing a critical gap in understanding their epigenetic role.METHODS: This study used tissue samples that were taken surgically from 30 subjects that consisted of 15 diagnosed PCa and 15 BPH patients (as the control group), aged between 18-75 years, with urinary system disorders and had a prostate specific antigen (PSA) value between 1.18 and 56.15 ng/dL. The miR-29a/b/c and DNMT3A/3B expressions were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The variations in mean values across groups, the associations between miR-29a/b/c and DNMT3A/3B expression levels parameters, as well as the correlation between miR-29 levels and DNMT3A/3B variables were then statistically analyzed.RESULTS: The expression levels of miR-29a/b/c were significantly downregulated in the PCa subjects compared to the BPH subjects (p<0.05), and negative correlations were observed between miR-29a/b/c and DNMT3A/3B in the PCa subjects (p<0.001). In addition, a significant inverse correlation was detected only between miR-29a and DNMT3B in BPH subjects (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that miR-29a/b/c in PCa may act as a negative regulator directly targeting DNMT3A/3B. These findings support the role of miR-29s in developing miRNA-based strategies for treating PCa.KEYWORDS: prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, epigenetic, DNA methyltransferases-3A/3B, miR-29a/b/c

Recognizing Pregnancy-Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Mutravaha Srotodustigata Vikara comprises a group of urinary system disorders described in Ayurveda, includ-ing Mutraghata, Mutrakriccha, and Ashmari. These conditions significantly impair the quality of life due to symptoms such as dysuria, urinary retention, pain and obstruction. Classical Ayurvedic texts emphasise Shama-na Chikitsa as a practical, non-invasive approach to managing these disorders, especially in the early or moder-ate stages. To review and systematically present the role of Shamana Chikitsa in the management of Mutravaha Sroto-dustigata Vikara based on classical Ayurvedic literature. A narrative review was conducted using classical Ayur-vedic texts such as the Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and the Ashtanga Hridaya, along with teaching ma-terials prepared for postgraduate academic purposes. Information related to disease classification, dosha pre-dominance, drug formulations, single herbs, dosage, anupana, and duration was compiled and analysed. Mutravaha Srotodustigata Vikara encompasses various urinary disorders, broadly classified as Mutraghata, Mutrakriccha, and Ashmari. Shamana Chikitsa using Kashaya, Churna, Ghrita, Guggulu, and Vati formulations demonstrated therapeutic utility through mutrala, shothahara, vatanulomana, ashmari-bhedana, and balya ac-tions. Dosha-specific formulations showed targeted effectiveness in alleviating symptoms and restoring urinary function. Shamana Chikitsa offers a holistic, safe, and practical approach in managing Mutravaha Srotodustiga-ta Vikara. When applied with proper dosha assessment, it can prevent disease progression and reduce the need for invasive interventions.

Objectives: 1) Describe the clinical course and diagnostic findings of cats with histopathologic evidence of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). 2) Identify risk factors for ALI/ARDS in cats.Animals: Sixty‐five client‐owned cats with moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia, pneumonitis or alveolitis consistent with ALI/ARDS on post‐mortem examination and clinical evidence of respiratory compromise.Procedure: Retrospective evaluation of medical records, postmortem examination and radiographs.Results: Cats in this study tended to be middle aged (mean 6.5±4.9 years). They had a short duration of illness (median 4 days; range 0–120 days) and of dyspnea (median 1 day; range 1–7 days). On presentation, the cats were tachypneic (mean respiratory rate 53±23 bpm) and relatively bradycardic (mean heart rate 166±43 bpm). The majority of cats were dyspneic (n=39) at presentation; all others developed respiratory difficulties during hospitalization. The mean white blood cell count was within normal limits (14.6±14.0 k/μL); 8 cats had a leukocytosis and 7 were leucopenic. Clinical findings consistent with SIRS (n=39) and sepsis (n=10) were common. Thoracic radiographs were reviewed in 31 cats and alveolar disease was the most frequent pattern (105 lung lobes) followed by interstitial disease (86 lung lobes). No cat had normal thoracic radiographs throughout hospitalization. Underlying disease was not identified on post‐mortem examination in 15 cats (23%), but in the remaining cats underlying diseases included infectious systemic disease (n=11), neoplasia (n=8), respiratory (n=8) and urinary (n=7) system disorders, acute pancreatitis (n=7), hepatic diseases (n=5), major trauma (n=4), sepsis (n=3), CNS (n=2) and other systems (n=5). Nine cats had more then one underlying process.Conclusions: This study describes a naturally‐occurring syndrome of ALI/ARDS in cats analogous to that which occurs in dogs and humans. In cats, ALI/ARDS occurs as a sequela of a variety of underlying systemic diseases, but in approximately one‐quarter of patients an underlying cause is not identified at necropsy. It is important to consider ALI/ARDS in systemically ill cats who become dyspneic; in cats with pulmonary disease with acute worsening of respiratory status and in cats with pulmonary infiltrates for which no other cause can be identified.

Background: The mechanical ventilator is an indispensable breathing tool in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). But the mechanical ventilator is associated with the risk of Ventilator Associated Penumonia (VAP). VAP occurs due to poor hygiene of the endotracheal tube (ETT). ETT hygiene should be maintained to inhibit bacterial development in the lungs using suction above cuff endotracheal tube (SACETT) to prevent VAP.Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of SACETT in preventing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in critical patients in the ICU.Methods: This was a quasy experimental study with posttest only with control group design with 15 samples in intervention group (SACETT and Chlorhexidine 0.2%) and 15 in control group (ETT, Open Suction, and Chlorhexidine 0.2%) with purposive technique sampling. The Simplified Clnical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) was used to measure VAP.Results: This study illustrates that there was no VAP incidence in the intervention group, and as much as 13.3% VAP in the control group. SACETT was more effective in preventing VAP than in standard ETT on day 4 (p = 0.001).Conclusion: SACETT is more effective in preventing VAP than standard ETT in the fourth day in patients with neurological, cardiovascular, urinary, digestive, and immune system disorders.

This large-scale meta-analysis aimed to provide the most comprehensive synthesis to date of the available evidence from the pre-COVID period on risk and protective factors for (internet) gaming disorder (as defined in the DSM-5 or ICD-11) across all studied populations. The risk/protective factors included demographic characteristics, psychological, psychopathological, social, and gaming-related factors. In total, we have included 1,586 effects from 253 different studies, summarizing data from 210,557 participants. Apart from estimating these predictive associations and relevant moderating effects, we implemented state-of-the-art adjustments for publication bias, psychometric artifacts, and other forms of bias arising from the publication process. Additionally, we carried out an in-depth assessment of the quality of underlying evidence by examining indications of selective reporting, statistical inconsistencies, the typical power of utilized study designs to detect theoretically relevant effects, and performed various sensitivity analyses. The available evidence suggests the existence of numerous moderately strong and highly heterogeneous risk factors (e.g., male gender, depression, impulsivity, anxiety, stress, gaming time, escape motivation, or excessive use of social networks) but only a few empirically robust protective factors (self-esteem, intelligence, life satisfaction, and education; all having markedly smaller effect sizes). We discuss the theoretical implications of our results for prominent theoretical models of gaming disorder and for the existing and future prevention strategies. The impact of various examined biasing factors on the available evidence seemed to be modest, yet we identified shortcomings in the measurement and reporting practices.

The routine use of urine dipstick testing in the consulting room of the family physician has fallen into disfavour for several reasons. One of the arguments cited most often is that it is time consuming and not cost beneficial. This is particularly true with respect to small children, because of the difficulties experienced collecting urine from this group of patients. The aim of this review is to stress the important role that urine dipstick testing plays in the diagnostic work-up of any patient with a kidney or urinary tract disorder. A practical approach is provided on urine dipstick test abnormalities in relation to kidney and urinary tract disorders in children.

Imaging modalities for diagnosing kidney and urinary tract disorders in children have developed rapidly over the last decade largely because of advancement of modern technology. General pediatricians and neonatologists are often the front line in detecting renal anomalies. There is a lack of knowledge of the applicability, indications, and nephrotoxic risks of novel renal imaging modalities. Here we describe the clinical impact of congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract and describe pediatric-specific renal imaging techniques by providing a practical guideline for the diagnosis of kidney and urinary tract disorders.

Alpha-1-antitrypsin is a potent antiprotease playing an important role in maintaining protease-antiprotease balance. It protects the structures of extracellular matrix against destruction by proteolytic enzymes. Loss of elasticity occurs when increased protease activity is accompanied by qualitative impairment or reduced concentrations of antiproteases. Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency is a risk factor for obstructive lung disease, including emphysema, liver and kidney disorders and, less often, follicular panniculitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (previously Wegener's granulomatosis). Literature also emphasises the role of AAT in the development of aortic aneurysms, and results of biochemical studies support this theory. Aortic aneurysm is an important clinical problem, unceasingly associated with high mortality. For this reason, it is exceptionally important to identify its risk factors. Studies on the relationship between AAT and development of AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm) have been conducted since the 1990s. Due to the development in molecular diagnostic techniques, new reports on the topic appeared over the last decade.