아동기 및 청소년기 피학대 경험과 우울 및 불안, 공격성, 자아존중감 간의 관계에 관한 연구

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Objectives This study aimed to categorize experiences of abuse in childhood and adolescence and compare and analyze cross-sectionally and longitudinally the differences in depression, anxiety, aggression, and self-esteem in childhood and adolescence. Although recent studies have examined the effects by stage of development (elementary, middle, and high school), this study aimed to suggest early intervention methods to prevent aggression caused by abuse experiences during childhood and adolescence by comparing the effects by stage of development (elementary, middle, and high school). That is, the study was conducted to verify how experiences of abuse, depression and anxiety, and self-esteem during childhood and adolescence affect aggression from elementary school to high school. Methods For this purpose, we used the data from the Korean Welfare Panel Survey on Children from 2015 to 2021 for 9 years. We analyzed the data of a total of 1,174 students who were enrolled in elementary school in 2015 (10th), middle school in 2018 (13th), and high school in 2021 (16th). The research model was analyzed using the SPSS program and PROCESS macro. Results Looking at the analysis results, first, to verify research question 1, the mediating effect was confirmed using PROCESS macro model 4. As a result, it was confirmed that there was a mediating effect of depression and anxiety between childhood and adolescence abuse experiences and aggression in all elementary, middle, and high school periods. Second, to verify research question 2, the moderated mediating effect of PROCESS macro model 7 was confirmed. As a result, the moderated mediating effect of self-esteem was confirmed in the relationship between childhood and adolescent abuse experiences and aggression, depression, and anxiety during elementary and high school, but the moderated mediating effect of self-esteem was not confirmed during middle school. Conclusions Based on previous research, the implications of the results of this study were discussed and an intervention plan to effectively reduce aggression was suggested based on the results.