СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ МОНИТОРИНГА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН)

In the modern conditions of the world economy, the structural components of economic security can be considered at different levels of the hierarchy of relations, in particular: 1.The global level, where the key factors affecting the economic security of the world economy are determined.This includes international agreements, economic relations between countries, international organizations and other global instruments affecting the state of economic, information and ecological security.2. Regional level, where specific aspects of economic, information and ecological security are considered in individual regions or a group of countries.Regional agreements, trade blocs, energy cooperation, economic integration and other regional initiatives are key components of economic security at this level.3. National levelcomponents of economic, information and ecological security that reflect the policies and strategies of a specific country.This includes internal reforms, the level of economic stability, foreign trade policy and other internal aspects affecting the economic security of the country.4. Sectoral levelreflects economic, information and ecological security in specific sectors such as finance, energy, information technology, and other industries that may be critical to overall economic, information and ecological security.Depending on the level of the hierarchy, these components interact with each other and affect the general state of economic, information and ecological security at different levels of the global economy.

Subject. The banking sector of the Republic of Tatarstan, specifics of investment activities, and future development directions. Objectives. To identify the features of investment activities of commercial banks in shaping the gross regional product (using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan), and to propose directions for further development of investment activity of commercial banks in the region. Methods. General scientific methods were applied, including analogy and data systematization, comparative and statistical analysis, forecasting and generalization techniques. The study relied on data from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the National Bank of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as federal and regional statistical services. Results. The specifics of active and passive operations of commercial banks regarding the use of securities market instruments were examined. An assessment was made of transformational changes in the structure of bank operations under the conditions of tight monetary policy by the Bank of Russia and the underdeveloped national stock market. The research revealed features of bank investment activity stemming from the specifics of the regional economy, as well as regional support provided by state and local self-government bodies. Area of application. The findings can be used in formulating state financial policy at both federal and regional levels, in developing strategies for the banking system, and in creating regulatory frameworks. Conclusions. External environmental factors, including economic regulation specifics at the regional level – particularly support for key economic sectors and budget-forming enterprises – have shaped the characteristics of investment infrastructure formation and the investment activity of commercial banks in the Republic of Tatarstan. These factors drive banks’ focus on supporting investment projects backed by regional authorities. The study concludes that a regional financial market is emerging, dominated by large commercial banks.

Aim. To analyze the current drug supply system for patients with bronchial asthma in the Republic of Tatarstan. Methods. Systematic, marketing, statistical, retrospective, situational analysis was performed. Bronchial asthma incidence data, data of drug supply system for patients with bronchial asthma in the Republic of Tatarstan were analyzed. Results. From 2005 to 2011 the number of patients with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma has increased by 23.9%, and there were 25 700 newly diagnosed cases. Out of 215 medications to treat bronchial asthma registered in the country, 68 are produced in Russia. The rate of inhaled medications produced by domestic is only 15.91%. Outpatients are provided with drugs under the federal and regional programs of preferential drug supply. In 2010 - over 81 thousand, in 2011 - over 87 thousand of prescriptions were issued under the program of vital drug supply for patients with bronchial asthma. The cost of drug supply exceeded 60 million rubles in 2010, in 2011 it was about 67 million rubles. There was a 5.87% increase of number of patients covered by drug supply in 2010-2011. If the patient denies the drug supply, he/she is responsible to pay for his medication, the approximate cost of treatment of patient with bronchial asthma is over 28 000 rubles per year. In 2011 the number of patients supplied under the regional supply program has significantly increased by 76.29% leading to decrease of cost of medications supplied per 1 patient. Conclusions. The need to find evidence-based solutions to the problems of drug supply system for patients with bronchial asthma at the regional level was identified.

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to examine the features of economic security in an oil-producing region and to identify approaches that may contribute to its strengthening, using the Republic of Tatarstan as an illustrative example. The relevance of this issue is associated with changes in the technological environment and the general economic situa tion. Tasks. The study aims to clarify the content and structure of the concept of regional economic security in relation to the oil-producing sector, to review the dynamics of oil production and the factors influencing the stability of the industry, and to consider certain technological and organizational aspects that may support the strengthening of economic security in Tatarstan under current conditions. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research includes methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative and logical analysis, generalization of scientific sources, as well as selected elements of statistical assessment of oil production dynamics. A comprehensive approach was used to obtain a more complete picture of trends in the development of the regio nal oil sector. Results. The results indicate that the oil industry of Tatarstan maintains a relatively stable position despite the presence of several technological, institutional and human-resource- related risks. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the main changes in oil production levels were identified, and the factors affecting regional economic security were outlined. The study also considers certain directions related to digitalization and technological modernisation that may enhance the stability of the oil-producing sector. Conclusions. The conclusions suggest that improving the economic security of an oil-producing region is a multidimensional task that requires a combination of technological measures, organizational initiatives and human capital development. Although certain results have already been achieved, further research remains necessary due to the influence of external economic and technological changes on the industry.

Subject. The article considers the monitoring of economic security of apartment management companies. Objectives. The aim is to underpin methodological approaches to identifying risks and threats associated with the activities of management companies of apartment buildings that are significant for socio-economic development of municipalities and regions. Methods. The study employs general scientific methods of cognition. Results. We established that management companies do not use methods for assessing threats and risks to ensure economic security. The study of the economic security of management companies demonstrated their clear impact on the economy of the region and the well-being of some industries related to water, electricity and heat supply of apartment buildings, as well as on socio-economic indicators of regional (municipal) development. In connection with these circumstances, in the development of the methodology, we considered areas of risk identification and then, on their basis, threats. The developed methodology can be used for external monitoring by industry regulatory authorities to minimize threats to economic security at the regional level, and to support the management companies themselves. Conclusions. To assess the economic stability of the housing and communal services industry, it is important to investigate the activities of management companies. The offered methodology for identifying threats to management companies to monitor their economic security enables to identify risks and threats to the economic condition of management companies, which is necessary to ensure economic security.

Relevance of the research. For Ukraine, the relevance of the topic is enhanced by the need to develop a long-term model of economic recovery and modernization, which would be based on the principles of sustainability, economic sovereignty, social security and integration into the European security space. In the EU countries, in turn, there is a growing awareness of the need to strengthen economic and energy security, adaptation to the new reality, where the policy of “soft power” no longer ensures stability. Therefore, the issue of economic security is becoming key for the formation of modern economic policy of both Ukraine and the European Union. Problem statement. Modern economic challenges require a new scientific paradigm — an integrative model of security economics, which would allow states to maintain stability and competitiveness, providing protection from threats and creating a basis for long-term development. Analysis of recent research and publications. The issue of economic security is considered in various conceptual planes, for example, during the period of F. Roosevelt's “New Deal”, when economic stabilization was considered an element of national security in the USA. Ukrainian researchers, in particular, Ya. Zhalilo, consider economic security as the ability of the economy to self-reproduce and resist destabilizing factors. Other scientists focus on the resilience of the economic system to external and internal threats (O. Skoruk, Z. Gbur), methods of their neutralization, mechanisms for ensuring competitiveness and socio-economic stability. Research task. Theoretical justification and empirical analysis of the concept of security economy in the context of modern geopolitical challenges, as well as identification of key areas of economic policy of Ukraine and the European Union countries. Main material presentation. The article analyzes Ukraine’s national strategies in the field of economic security since 2014, and shows how the military conflict forced the state to move towards the integration of defense, energy, financial and social mechanisms into a common economic paradigm. Particular attention is paid to post-war recovery programs, including grant initiatives, stimulating small and medium-sized businesses, supporting critical infrastructure and attracting international assistance. It highlights research approaches to the analysis of economic growth as an ambiguous indicator of well-being and security, in particular with regard to environmental, social and institutional consequences. The concept of “economic socialization” is considered, which involves the development of human capital, social cohesion and citizen participation in decision-making as a key condition for sustainable development. In the context of the EU, the emphasis is on changes in the security paradigm, which were manifested through the adoption of the Strategic Compass, strengthening the defense potential, energy transformation and the conclusion of security agreements with Ukraine. It is shown that the security economy is becoming a new model of cooperation between Ukraine and Europe, focused on long-term stability, strategic autonomy, and the protection of democratic values. Conclusions. Economic security in the post-war recovery period will obviously be closely linked to social stability. After the war, many people face unemployment, loss of housing, and a decline in living standards. The state must ensure social support, the creation of new jobs, access to education, and health services. This will help avoid social tensions and ensure internal stability. Keywords: security economy, economic security, post-war recovery, economic growth, social cohesion, public policy, institutional stability.

Agricultural cooperation is in demand in the economy, which is due to the unattractiveness of the agricultural sector for investment, restrictions on attracting wage labor, increased risk, and an extensive social base. Due to the specifics of the external and internal conditions for the emergence and development, agricultural cooperatives have standard features that determine the extent of their distribution, the internal nature of the organization, and the prospects for modern development. The purpose of the study is to show the features of the development of the cooperative movement in the Republic of Tatarstan. It is concluded that the cooperatives of Tatarstan have a high potential for the development of cooperation as small forms of farming in the countryside. The measures applied to support the cooperative movement at the regional level are also different.

Aim. To analyze the current state of the sanatoriums-health resorts system of the Republic of Tatarstan and identify the demand by the population of sanatoriums-health resorts services for recreation and health promotion at the regional level.
 Methods. To analyze the functioning of the sanatoriums-health resorts of the republic, we used data from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service (20022018). We calculated the long-term mean values, standard deviation, growth rate, linear regression, the approximation coefficient in comparing the Republic of Tatarstan, Volga Federal District and the Russian Federation. The population proportion, which used the sanatoriums-health resorts services, bed provision per 10,000 population and bed turnover were calculated to assess the provision of the population with sanatorium-resort services. The study of the demand for sanatorium services by the population was carried out using a sociological survey.
 Results. In the comparative analysis, it was found that the Republic of Tatarstan is the region with a developed, relatively stable sanatoriums-health resorts system. The increase in the number of beds in sanatoriums (from 23.86 beds per 10,000 population in 2002 to 24.94 in 2018) and bed turnover rate (from 12.84 in 2002 to 16.59 in 2018) during the studied period indicated the continuity between curative and restorative-rehabilitation medicine. An increase in the proportion (from 3.07% in 2002 to 4.15% in 2018) with an overall increase in the number of stayed people (1.39 times) indicated the interest of the population in rehabilitation treatment and recreation in regional sanatoriums-health resorts. As a result of the survey, a portrait of the modern consumer of sanatoriums-health resorts was drawn up, and priorities in sanatorium choosing were determined.
 Conclusion. The Republic of Tatarstan belongs to the regions with a developed system of sanatoriums-health resorts and significant potential to its development, which is confirmed by the presence of natural healing factors, improved provision of sanatoriums-health resorts care and increasing demand of the population for services for rehabilitation treatment and recreation in regional sanatoriums.

The article is devoted to the systematization of financial indicators for assessing the level of countries economic security and defining the role and importance of indicators in the system of economic security monitoring. It is determined that the indicator approach is the most common in terms of assessing and monitoring the level of financial security and allows for effective management of financial risks. In this case, indicators act as measures of the degree of stability, reliability and efficiency of the country's economic system. The authors prove that indicators form the methodological basis for monitoring the level and status of economic and financial security. The indicators are classified according to security subsystems and take into account the peculiarities of their formation. The authors analyze the approaches to systematization of financial indicators used in Ukrainian practice, in particular, within the framework of the official methodology for assessing the level of Ukraine’s economic security, as well as within the methodology for assessing the level of financial stability and sustainability used by the National Bank of Ukraine. Among the approaches developed and implemented at the international level, the author examines the IMF Financial Sustainability Indicators System, the IMF and World Bank Debt Sustainability Framework, The World Bank Global Findex Database, and The system of Financial Indicators for Socioeconomic Development of The World Bank (Open Data). Keywords: financial indicator, economic security, financial security, security monitoring, resilience.

The third year of the full-scale war in Ukraine has given rise to a number of new challenges for the entrepreneurial activity of the industrial sector at the regional level. The issue of economic security has become paramount for business entities, its relevance being of the utmost importance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors and mechanisms that facilitate the transformation of entrepreneurial activity in the industrial sector of Ukraine at the regional level. The subject of the present study is the theoretical foundations, modern trends and transformation factors for the mechanisms of strengthening the economic security of entrepreneurial activity in the industrial sector of the Ukrainian regions. The research methodology is founded on the concept of Industry 5.0 development, which involves a shift of priorities from purely economic to social values and the welfare of society. The implementation of this concept should be a goal for each region separately and the country as a whole. In order to achieve the goal, the following methods were used: analysis of theoretical sources (to determine the essence of the concept of economic security and the mechanism of its formation at the regional level, taking into account the existing ones), comparison and generalisation (to analyse the latest publications of Ukrainian scientists), graphic and statistical analysis (to determine modern trends in the development of entrepreneurship in the industrial sector of Ukraine), analysis of strategic programme documents (to identify modern strategic favourable and unfavourable factors for strengthening the economic security of entrepreneurial activity in the industrial sector at the regional level). Results of the study: it is determined that the formation of economic security of entrepreneurial activity in the industrial sector of Ukraine at the regional level is carried out by increasing the volume of sales of products/services against the background of ensuring the resource, production, scientific, technical, human resources potential, provided that the welfare of employees and the absence of inflation; an instrumentarium for assessing the status of economic security of entrepreneurial activity in the industrial sector at the regional level has been defined, which provides for the analysis of individual coefficients with a threshold value, as well as the calculation of an integral indicator of the status of economic security of entrepreneurial activity in the industrial sector of the region; the article characterises modern factors of formation of economic security of entrepreneurial activity at the level of regions of Ukraine, in particular, the most promising branches of the industrial sector for a particular region of Ukraine and the standard of living of the economically active population with the status of internally displaced persons. Conclusion. It is evident that the most promising industrial sectors for enhancing the economic security of entrepreneurial activity at the regional level are energy, agri-food, extraction of critical minerals, processing industry, and IT sphere. It is important to note that these sectors are set to develop in parallel with the support for entrepreneurial initiatives and the implementation of the "green transition" in industry. However, it is crucial to ensure that the development of these industries is accompanied by balanced support for the most vulnerable categories of the population. This support should extend beyond professional reorientation, encompassing social and everyday support to ensure the proper quality of life for these individuals.

The article considers the main approaches of the theory of economic security. The concepts of "ensuring economic security", "managing economic security", "regulating the economic security of the region" are studied. The impacts affecting the adaptive readiness of the regional economic security complex, reflected in the concepts of "threat", "risk", "factor", "challenge" are noted. The expediency of a multi-vector approach to the organization of regulatory impacts of state and municipal government bodies aimed at ensuring the economic security of the country's regions in the context of overcoming modern threats is determined. A thesis is formulated about the place of regulation of regional economic security as an integral link between the systemic federal level of national security and heterogeneous regions of the country. Using the example of Perm Krai, the dynamics of the main indicators of regional economic security and their relationship with similar indicators of the Volga Federal District and the Russian Federation are considered, and an assessment of existing trends is carried out. The analysis of the elaboration of regulatory and legal documents of the Perm Territory using the extrapolation method of processing official statistics information has established the insufficiency of the measures taken to improve strategic planning in the region in the context of taking into account changing factors and conditions of the external environment. Significant deviations of the achieved results in ensuring the economic security of the Perm Territory from the forecast values approved by the strategic planning documents have been revealed, in particular in achieving the planned indicators in the areas of industrial and environmental safety of the region. It is proposed to revise the content of regulatory documents with the corresponding budget and resource content for the timely adaptation of the region to modern threats and challenges. It is recommended to pay special attention to such areas of economic security of the Perm Territory as: technological sovereignty, investment security and environmental protection.

In the context of global climate changes and the growth of the world's birth rate, effective ecological and economic security is strategically important for ensuring sustainable development of the country and international cooperation. The transition to a low-carbon, energy-efficient economy and the development of innovative technologies are becoming key factors in ensuring environmental and economic sustainability and security. The purpose of the article is to define and substantiate the patterns of development of the theory of ecological and economic security of the national economy. The results of the analysis showed the growth of scientific publications in the period from 2009 to 2022. Based on the analysis of the latest research and publications, it was found that the analysis of the sustainability of agricultural systems, agricultural land use and water management in the context of ecological and economic security of the national economy is a significant contribution to the research. Other directions of research include institutional, financial, investment and innovation aspects of the formation of the theory of ecological and economic security. Taking into account energy aspects and their impact on the overall security of the national economy is important for the further development of the theoretical base in this direction. Based on the results of the bibliometric analysis of scientific publications on ecological and economic security of the national economy, the authors established the existence of seven geographical clusters, the main participants of which include such countries as China, India, the United States of America, Germany and others. It is recorded that intensive research on this topic began in Ukraine in 2017-2018 due to political and economic challenges. The authors substantiated the regularities of the development of the theory of ecological and economic security of the national economy.

The article considers the evolution of views on the essence of the process of ensuring economic security. Issues of economic security are extremely important today. At the same time, today the political and military components of the status of our state are based on an insufficiently reliable economic basis. That is why Ukraine needs an effective organizational and economic mechanism to ensure economic security at the national and regional levels. The strategy of economic security of the region should include: characterization of external and internal threats to economic security as a set of conditions and factors that create security for the vital economic interests of the individual, enterprise, region; determination of criteria and parameters of the state of the economy that meet the requirements of economic security and ensure the vital economic interests of the region; mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the region, protection of its vital interests through the use of all institutions of state power of legal, economic and administrative measures Potential threats to economic security and sovereignty of Ukraine indicate the need for state intervention, the legitimacy of which is based on three provisions: forms of state regulation is impossible, as ignoring the economic functions of the authorities encounters obstacles associated with ensuring the functioning of the laws of the market; market mechanisms themselves cannot prevent and correct the emergence of economic disparities and economic crisis without appropriate state measures; expanding the arsenal of economic protection enables businesses to conquer new markets, maintain their market shares and protect their scientific, technical and commercial potential. The threat to the economic security of the regions today is posed by recommendations on the inexpediency of state regulation of macroeconomic processes, even with the help of market levers; privatization in the absence of appropriate conditions; unregulated liberalization of foreign economic activity and as a consequence of the penetration of cheap low-quality products and the destruction of national production; shadowing of the economy. More rational and scientifically sound economic regional relative independence will lead to positive changes in the national economy.

The article outlines trends in today global migration and its consequences for economic growth and security. Both positive and negative sides of ongoing processes are analyzed, in particular the effect of remittances on the one side and money laundering and terrorism financing due to activities of criminal organizations involved in migrant smuggling on the other side. Accordingly, challenges and goals for national public administrations are indicted.

Abstract. Ensuring economic security is a guarantee of independence and autonomy of the state, an integral condition for stability and effective functioning of society. Given the development of the world economy, ensuring the economic security of Ukraine, which is the basis of national security, is becoming an increasingly urgent problem. The formation of the system of economic security of Ukraine takes place in the conditions of economic globalization, which can not but affect the national interests and trends of socio-economic development of the country. It is to address this result that the issue of regulating the role and place of economic security in the general system of public administration mechanisms in Ukraine arises. In today’s realities there is a negative trend of increasing influence of external and internal threats on the activities of the state and its management. The modern concept of state development provides a single set of requirements for its institutions: openness of legal and economic systems; transparency of the mechanism of public administration, its economic, legal and information support; protection of economic interests of the state, social protection of life and health of the population, etc. Improving the management of economic processes in the state should begin with the development of a clear procedure and mechanisms for identifying and neutralizing threats in the system, which will contribute to the development of effective economic policy, state control over the socio-economic system, objective prioritization of economic reform, etc. Assessment of the current state of economic regulation has revealed that the main energy of the executive branch is spent not on overcoming the causes that provoke illegitimate phenomena, but on combating their consequences, so it requires the development of effective mechanisms for public administration of economic security. Keywords: evaluation, public administration, economic security, state, methodological approach. JEL Classification H83, H44, E44, L51, F52 Formulas: 9; fig.: 1; tabl.: 6; bibl.: 33.