РОЛЬ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗНАННЯМИ У ЦИФРОВІЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЯКІСТЮ В ХАРЧОВІЙ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

PurposeThe paper aims to identify causality amongst small and medium enterprises' (SMEs') performance indicators, propose an integrated index of business performance and quality practices and investigate the effect of quality management system (QMS) on business performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a two-stage approach. In the first stage, the authors gathered responses with a questionnaire on variables affecting business performance and identified dimensions using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Path analysis was carried out to identify causality between the dimensions. In the next stage, the validation of stage 1 findings was carried out to substantiate the proposition that QMS affects performance. Questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews were conducted during the second stage. The analysis was done following the case study protocol – within- and cross-case analysis and validated with supportive and conflicting literature.FindingsThe results show that the employee – dimension is crucial to process effectiveness, customer satisfaction and finances. Customer satisfaction results from employee satisfaction and processes. QMS impacts processes and employee performance, thus establishes the causality between business performance factors and QMS. QMS impacts finances in the short run but yields long-term benefits and is dependent on two factors – degree of knowledge of quality practices and its application in business.Originality/valueThis study reveals the performance dimensions of SMEs, their causality and the impact of QMS on performance. It suggests a shift from traditional approaches, correcting defects using statistical quality control approaches, to a sustainable growth path – a long-term approach. This study puts forward two associated indices – the business performance and the knowledge of quality practices and its application index.

IT-experienced executives and digital-physical integration: An internal capabilities perspective

The article aims to investigate the impact of digital technologies on increasing energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions in modern conditions. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the identification and quantitative analysis of the relationship between the level of digitalization and indicators of energy efficiency and decarbonization. For the first time, the DESI index has been used for a comprehensive assessment of digitalization in the context of energy security and sustainable development, establishing a statistically significant correlation between digital transformations and energy efficiency indicators. Additionally, recommendations have been proposed for adapting the international digitalization experience in the energy sector to Ukraine’s national conditions, which is crucial for transitioning to a carbon-neutral economy. The article employs the following scientific methods: data analysis – to examine trends in digitalization and energy efficiency; cluster analysis – to systematize and classify information sources; correlation-regression analysis – to evaluate the relationship between the DESI (Digital Economy and Society Index) and WETI (World Energy Trilemma Index); synthesis and generalization of international experience – to develop recommendations for adapting leading international digitalization practices in the energy sector to the national conditions of Ukraine. The article analyzes the impact of digital technologies on increasing energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions in the modern world. For this, the Google Trends tool was used, which made it possible to analyze the popularity of queries related to digitization and digital transformation over the past five years. Based on data from Scopus® and VOSviewer, the study identified five key clusters: decarbonization and digitalization, energy, energy efficiency, energy investment, and sustainable development. Correlation-regression analysis between digitalization and decarbonization was carried out. For this, the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) was chosen, which allows a comprehensive assessment of the digitalization process in different countries through such indicators as the level of Internet connection, digital skills of the population, the integration of digital technologies in business and the development of electronic services. The study results indicate a moderate correlation between the DESI and the World Energy Trilemma Index (WETI), which assesses energy security, equity, and environmental sustainability. A statistically significant positive relationship between these indices was also established, which indicates the relationship between the level of digitalization and energy efficiency indicators. The practical significance of the article lies in developing recommendations for implementing digital technologies to increase energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions at the national level. The proposed strategies can be used to improve energy system management, integrate renewable energy sources, reduce costs, and enhance the resilience of energy systems to external threats, including cybersecurity. This article can be helpful for scientists, students, politicians, representatives of government organizations, and enterprises working in the field of energy and ecology. It will be a valuable source of information for those interested in sustainable development, the digitalization of energy systems, and the implementation of innovative technologies to improve energy efficiency.

The article describes an algorithm developed by the author for assessing a quality management systems (QMS) effectiveness of management companies, which involved in the operation of “intelligent buildings”. Unlike other approaches described in the scientific literature, this algorithm is based on the joint application of collective and individual expert assessments to form a set of criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of QMS and for determining each criteria’s level of significance. Formulas for rank calculation of the criteria and for determining a level of a relative increase/decrease in the effectiveness of the QMS are given. A graphic interpretation of the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the QMS and its trend is proposed. The algorithm takes into account the requirements of regulatory documents to assess the performance of the QMS.

ABSTRACT: Digital transformation (DT) is the use and integration of digital technologies in all areas of an organization, leading to profound changes in its activities, operations and value creation for customers. It has become a matter of survival for organizations across all sectors, geographies and sizes. Despite its widespread adoption, DT success is not achieved by investing in technology alone; it is necessary to analyze the factors that influence success and understand why some companies gain a competitive advantage while others fail. This study examines three key factors of DT: business model innovation, digital technology integration and digital talent management, and their relationship to performance. In addition, we examine the environment in which each organization operates, considering the technological intensity of the sector as a potential moderating factor between these factors and performance. The study focuses on Spanish manufacturing companies, using data from the ESEE. By analyzing a panel data set of 9215 observations between 2011 and 2017, we provide evidence that the technological intensity of the sector significantly affects the relationship between business model innovation, digital technology integration, the development of new competencies and performance. The study shows that companies in medium- and low-tech sectors can benefit more quickly from investments aimed at business model innovation, digital technology integration and the development of new competencies, and achieve better short-term results compared to companies in high-tech sectors. These results suggest that, despite their limited investment in R&D, companies in medium- and low-tech sectors have resources and capabilities that compensate for their innovation activities.ABSTRACT: Digital transformation (DT) is the use and integration of digital technologies in all areas of an organization, leading to profound changes in its activities, operations and value creation for customers. It has become a matter of survival for organizations across all sectors, geographies and sizes. Despite its widespread adoption, DT success is not achieved by investing in technology alone; it is necessary to analyze the factors that influence success and understand why some companies gain a competitive advantage while others fail. This study examines three key factors of DT: business model innovation, digital technology integration and digital talent management, and their relationship to performance. In addition, we examine the environment in which each organization operates, considering the technological intensity of the sector as a potential moderating factor between these factors and performance. The study focuses on Spanish manufacturing companies, using data from the ESEE. By analyzing a panel data set of 9215 observations between 2011 and 2017, we provide evidence that the technological intensity of the sector significantly affects the relationship between business model innovation, digital technology integration, the development of new competencies and performance. The study shows that companies in medium- and low-tech sectors can benefit more quickly from investments aimed at business model innovation, digital technology integration and the development of new competencies, and achieve better short-term results compared to companies in high-tech sectors. These results suggest that, despite their limited investment in R&D, companies in medium- and low-tech sectors have resources and capabilities that compensate for their innovation activities. Keywords: Digital transformation; performance of Spanish manufacturing firms; business model innovation; digital technology integration; digital talent management; industry’s technological intensity. Keywords: Digital transformation; performance of Spanish manufacturing firms; business model innovation; digital technology integration; digital talent management; industry’s technological intensity.

Productivity is one of the components that every company must have. For companies that utilise human resources, it is directed at increasing employee productivity and performance to the maximum. The company PT WIKA Beton Tbk in Majalengka already has an ISO 9001: 2008 certificate and has implemented the ISO 9001: 2008 quality management system as a standard for the precast concrete products it produces. The purpose of this study is to analyse the application of ISO 9001: 2008 to increase employee productivity and performance simultaneously and partially at PT.WIKA Beton Tbk in Majalengka. This study uses the statistical method of path analysis, completed using the SPSS for windows release 20.0 programme. The study results show that the direct effect of the quality management system on productivity improvement is 5.76%, the effect of resource management on productivity improvement is 1.00%, the effect of continuous improvement on productivity improvement is 40.45%, and the combined effect is 85.80%. The effect of quality management system on employee performance is 0.1521%, continuous improvement on employee performance is 77.088% and combined is 71.30%. The effect of productivity improvement on employee performance is 72.932% and the combined effect is 73%. While the indirect effect between the quality management system to increase productivity through employee performance is 24.096%, resource management to increase productivity through employee performance is 7.174% and continuous improvement to increase productivity through employee performance is 54.314%. The results show that the company pays more attention to variables that have a major influence on improving employee productivity and performance.

The article examines the role of personnel in the development of the quality management system of machine-building enterprises in Ukraine in the context of martial law and the worsening personnel crisis. It is argued that the quality management system is a comprehensive management technology aimed not only at controlling product quality, but also at ensuring the effectiveness of production and economic activities and the sustainable development of enterprises. Scientific approaches to interpreting the essence of the quality management system are summarized, which made it possible to highlight its systemic, integrated, and process-oriented nature, as well as to determine the key importance of the human factor in its functioning. The basic principles of the quality management system have been analyzed, and it has been established that the principle of staff involvement plays a decisive role in the practical implementation of other principles, in particular customer focus, process and system approaches, continuous improvement, and fact-based management decisions. The dynamics of staffing and labor productivity at Ukrainian machine-building enterprises in 2021–2024 were studied, revealing a steady trend toward staff reductions and a simultaneous increase in output per employee due to the intensification of labor, automation of production processes, and increased requirements for professional competence of employees. Key problems of staffing in machine-building enterprises during the period of martial law have been identified, including the outflow of qualified personnel, decreased motivation, increased occupational safety risks, and limited opportunities for professional development. It is argued that under such conditions, the effectiveness of the quality management system largely depends on the level of staff involvement, the development of their competencies, and the formation of a culture of responsibility for quality. A mechanism for integrating employees into the quality management system of machine-building enterprises is proposed, aimed at activating staff participation in process improvement, combining motivational tools with quality indicators, and ensuring the sustainability of enterprises in crisis conditions.

Digital transformation reshapes firms into more digital, data-driven, and customer-centric organizations. Because it often supports innovation, firms are widely expected to benefit from higher performance and productivity. However, it remains unclear whether higher national levels of digital integration translate into higher aggregate enterprise productivity. This study adopts a socio-technical and ecosystem perspective to examine the relationship between digital technology integration and enterprise labor productivity across the 27 EU member states, while also considering the role of key ecosystem enablers. A balanced country-year panel of data (N = 162) was constructed from Eurostat Structural Business Statistics on the apparent labor productivity of total enterprises, together with Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) indicators on the integration of digital technology, human capital, connectivity, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, covering the period from 2017 to 2022. To this end, fixed-effects regression models were estimated using robust standard errors clustered by country and combined with correlated random effects (CRE/Mundlak) decomposition. This methodological approach was adopted to distinguish short-run within-country dynamics from persistent between-country differences. The study contributes to ecosystem-level DESI research by using this distinction to assess how country-level digital integration is associated with enterprise productivity. The fixed-effects results provide no evidence that year-to-year changes in digital technology integration, on their own, are associated with higher enterprise productivity. Additionally, no statistically significant interaction effect was observed with either human capital or digital connectivity. By contrast, GDP per capita was found to be a robust positive predictor of enterprise productivity. The CRE/Mundlak results indicate that the majority of between-country productivity differences are attributable to differences in economic development. Furthermore, there is evidence of a positive association between the average level of digital technology integration and human capital. Taken together, these findings suggest that national digital technology integration reflects business environment conditions at the ecosystem level. While it may create opportunities for enterprise business model innovation, its productivity implications are more likely to emerge gradually through stronger absorptive capacity and complementary capabilities. Consequently, the study suggests that enterprise digital transformation policies should be aligned with investments in digital skills and broadband infrastructure. These policies should also support process redesign, greater interoperability, and the implementation of AI-enabled technologies.

Many empirical studies that suggest that ISO certification has no effect on performance continue to cast doubt on the effectiveness of quality management systems (QMS) on performance. This paper examines quality management systems and how they affect the performance of manufacturing firms in Malaysia because of this contradiction and the dearth of empirical studies there. Food processing companies still struggle to put quality management systems into practice in a way that results in improved organizational performance. As a tactic to obtain a competitive edge in the target market through the creation of superior product quality, market growth, and improved customer satisfaction, many manufacturing businesses in Malaysia are still finding it difficult to adopt efficient quality management systems.
 The article offers deeper understandings into the advantages of quality management systems, methods, and concepts that managers should consider for any certification, including ISO, TQM, & others, to be effectively applied and then transfer to improved company performance. The study discovered a significant positive relationship between the competitive performance of a firm and the quality management techniques under investigation. These quality practices—which include top management support, capacity expansion, adoption and exploitation of information technology, and control measures—are essential to achieving and maintaining this competitive performance.
 The study suggests that manufacturing companies should concentrate on changing the organizational culture as a whole in order to make it overtly quality-oriented. In order for the company to reap the rewards of a quality management system, it is essential to regularly conduct training in this area in order to instill habits and make employees more amenable to the change of working methods. Organizations may increase internal efficiency via the use of quality management strategies, which is a must for competing in the global market.

This paper elaborates on the role of higher education in knowledge management in the conditions of the digital economy, considers challenges and prospects connected with the digital transformation of economy and society and the necessity for the formation of new competencies with employees, analyses the trends of development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation and the level of digital literacy of the population and the state of personnel training for the digital sector, substantiates the importance of adapting the system of higher education to new realities through the integration of digital technologies into the educational process and development of digital competencies of students and teachers, and emphasizes the necessity for the system approach to the development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation, in particular, in the context of import substitution, investments in science and education, and commercialisation of R&D. The research methodology is founded on theoretical approaches to the educational process and its transformation under the influence of modern digitalisation trends. It covers the provisions of connectivism, constructivism, and the theory of active training and socio-cultural theory. These theoretical concepts are analysed in the context of Industry 4.0 and University 4.0, which involves a close integration of digital technologies into production and educational systems. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, observation, literature review, graphical method, etc. are used to formulate theoretical conclusions. The main value of the paper lies in substantiation of the necessity to create an adaptive organisational model of knowledge management, which combines academic traditions and values with the flexibility of information systems and the potential of digital technologies, as well as the generalisation of the adaptive measures of the higher education system, which are a reaction to current trends inherent to the educational environment.

Relevance of the research topic. Changes in legislation and regulation aimed at supporting digital transformation are creating new opportunities for businesses. Ukrainian enterprises need modernization and adaptation to modern conditions of competitive business. Digital technologies are a powerful tool for increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Ukraine's integration into Euro-Atlantic structures, such as the European Union and NATO, creates new opportunities and requires enterprises to meet standards and requirements. All this creates a basis for discussing the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on digital modernization. Formulation of the problem. Ukraine, like other countries, faces the need to modernize its business in conditions of deep changes in the world economy. This modernization includes the transition to digital transformation, which is an urgent strategic goal for many Ukrainian enterprises. The implementation of digital technologies and processes confronts enterprises with numerous challenges and problematic issues. Analysis of recent research and publications. In general, this problem attracts considerable attention of both Ukrainian and foreign researchers. They explore various aspects of business digitalization and examine its impact on enterprise modernization in the context of Euro-Atlantic integration. However, the task of further research may be the integration and generalization of the results, the development of specific recommendations for Ukrainian enterprises and the determination of optimal strategies for their development. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The interaction of digital technologies and Euro-Atlantic European integration at the level of individual enterprises and industries, as well as the analysis of practical examples of the implementation of digital initiatives in small businesses, have not been sufficiently studied. Additional research is needed to study cyber security issues, the development of financial models for enterprises, the study of ethical issues related to the collection and processing of data in the digital environment, as well as the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on legislation in this field. Problem statement, research goals. The research is aimed at studying the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on the process of digitization of Ukrainian enterprises, as well as determining the key factors that influence this process. The article aims to contribute to the understanding and effective use of opportunities that open up to Ukrainian enterprises due to integration with Euro-Atlantic structures in the context of business digitalization. Methodology of the study. Complex of scientific abstraction, theoretical comparative analysis and synthesis of own innovative ideas. Presentation of the main material (results of work). An overview of the degree of use of digital technologies in Ukrainian business was conducted, including statistical data, the level of infrastructure and the activity of enterprises in this direction. The influence of Euro-Atlantic integration processes on the development of digital technologies in Ukraine is analyzed, in particular in the context of the harmonization of legislation and ensuring access to European markets. Key factors affecting the successful implementation of digital projects in Ukraine and obstacles that may arise in this process have been identified. Based on the obtained results, recommendations were formulated for Ukrainian enterprises and state bodies on issues of speeding up the process of digitization and Euro-Atlantic integration. In conclusion, the main conclusions of the study are given, indicating the relevance and importance of further measures for the development of Ukrainian business in the context of digital modernization and integration with Euro-Atlantic structures. Field of application of results. Training of applicants in the specialty 073 "Management" with medium and long-term strategic vision. Conclusions in accordance with the article. Digitization opens up new opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises to develop and carry out international operations. However, it also creates challenges in securing investment and training. The development of the digital market in Ukraine promotes the emergence of new innovations and creative services. The digital market in Ukraine is connected with Euro-Atlantic integration through harmonization and increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises on European markets. The key technologies of digital transformation in Ukraine include Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, etc. These technologies directly affect the development of business in Ukraine. A SWOT analysis allows you to track the strengths and weaknesses of a business in the context of digitalization, as well as identify opportunities and threats in the market. PEST analysis examines political, economic, social and technological factors affecting business in the context of Euro-Atlantic integration and digital transformation. The digital economy is becoming an increasingly important component of Ukraine's GDP and contributes to the growth of national business and raising the standard of living of the population.

ABSTRACTThis study assessed the risk factors affecting the effectiveness of quality management systems (QMSs) and thus developed the risk management framework (RMF) for QMS in industrial and sectorial regulators (ISRs). Data were collected from 21 ISRs using a quantitative research design. The reliability test was conducted using SPSS 23.0, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), normalization, and matrix analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that out of 58 risks assessed, only 35 are critical for QMS effectiveness. This suggests that QMS effectiveness can be achieved if resources are allocated to solving these 35 risks while organizing extra resources for non‐critical ones. Poor documentation, trade tariffs, and customer spending habits were identified as the most critical risks, while career attitude, managing credits and debts, and climate and weather were the most unlikely risks. A regression analysis was performed to assess the effectiveness of QMS, and the results showed that risk factors significantly affect QMS performance. Customer satisfaction had a high R‐squared value of 0.889, explaining approximately 88.9% of the variance, while continuous improvement had a higher effect. The study developed a RMF to enhance QMS effectiveness, allowing for the control of risks encountered using proposed risk management practices.

Quality management system design: A visionary approach

Library is all about service, therefore UPT Perpustakaan Universitas Jember commited to always do a continuous improvement on their service by implying quality management systems ISO 9001:2008. Tools to evaluate the effectiveness of quality management systems is quality audit which is held by Badan Penjamin Mutu (BPM) and performed annually. Quality audit performed by interviewing respondents, ask the respondents to filling in the questionnaires, and the last method is observing the library activity, and analyzes if the reality meets the standards set by the UPT Perpustakaan itself. There are 3 types of finding resulted by quality audit avtivity, they are cathegorized as observative finding, minor finding and mayor finding. Minor findings have been found in Pembinaan Koleksi's sector and Gugus Penjamin Mutu's sector whilst the mayor findings coming from Sirkulasi's sector, Pengembangan dan Kerjasama's sector and Layanan Perujukan dan Koleksi Khusus's sector. Mayor findings means that management should give more attention to the implimentation of quality management system which is implied to these sectors because the findings can influence the conformity between the processes and the products offered so that those will affect the services's quality given by the library. Minor findings means that finding will not influences the quality of the services, and generally human error is the cause of that findings. But although it will not influences the quality of the services, the minor findings still needs to be documented and need a correction action to correct the findings so that in the future, the management can prevent similar findings to ever occured again.Keywords: ISO 9001:2008, Library, Quality Audit, Quality Management Systems

An effective quality management system is critical for having a smooth and efficient supply chain system. Establishing and maintaining quality systems is more challenging for smaller companies compared to larger organisations. This paper presents a cost effective and do-it-yourself approach to design and implement a quality management system for smaller organisations. It proposes a quality system implementation framework for small-medium sized companies to enable their transition from a no-quality system to having a more effective quality system. The study also proposes an effective continuous improvement and system maintenance plan after implementing the quality system. The proposed framework is validated using a case study of a small door manufacturing company. The findings of this study reveal several setbacks during quality management implementation and suggest means to overcome them. Benefits and results achieved by implementation of proposed framework will be useful for quality practitioners, quality managers, consultants, and engineers, especially in small companies.