Особенности самооценки эмоциональных состояний в кризисных ситуациях сотрудниками органов внутренних дел Российской Федерации

The subject of the study is the general professional initial training of police officers aimed at the formation of the personality of the subject of professional activity – a police officer as a citizen, defender of life, health, rights and freedoms of citizens, the interests of society and the state, a patriot of his Fatherland. The purpose of the study is the theoretical substantiation of the model of general professional initial training as the first stage of professional training (initial level of professional training of police officers), police officers first recruited, which is aimed at the formation of the personality of police officers with a basic level of general professional knowledge, skills, personal qualities and readiness to implement them in further professional activities. On the basis of the formed basic knowledge, skills, skills, professional and moral ideals, values and ethical norms, a police officer already within the framework of general professional initial training should become a person ready and capable of mastering new general professional knowledge, skills, abilities throughout his professional life. In conditions of insufficient general education and physical training of citizens accepted for training and increased requirements for the personal and professional qualities of modern police officers, it is necessary to rebuild the existing professional training, i.e. reformat the content of the educational process, forms, methods, means, technologies of training at the initial stage. The need to make changes in the professional training of police officers, who were first recruited, is caused by the increased requirements for their daily activities. At the present stage, a police officer needs to have formed basic general professional knowledge, skills, skills and personal qualities. Among them: respect for the honor and dignity of citizens, self-demanding and responsibility, determination and decency, morality and dedication, initiative and stress resistance, readiness for interaction and cooperation, physical fitness, readiness for the lawful use of force and special means, including firearms, etc.

In the article the problem of the system of urban management in emergency and crisis situations were considered. Composition and functions of the municipal government have been characterized. It was disclosed the concept of "emergency" and "crisis". Typology of crisis and emergency situations include: natural disasters, manmade disasters, sanitary-epidemiological, socio-political and economic crises. Crises have been classified: the reasons of occurrence, in the sphere of manifestation, on the possibilities of forecasting and duration. Typical measures to manage the liquidation of emergency situations in the city have been identified. Principles and steps of the City of crisis management are presented. Analysis was performed operational management experience life support in an emergency situation caused by the fighting. Was justified by the implementation of additional features for managing urban emergency response and overcome the consequences of the social, economic and environmental crisis. Perform additional functions involves restoration of vital facilities of the city, which are damaged by the fighting. Additional features of urban governance provide fault detection of communal, social, engineering, road infrastructure. Function provides an assessment permanently damaged facilities. Function ensures the development of the investment project for restoration of urban infrastructure. Analysis functions provide resource support the restoration project. Functions provide monitoring restoration projects of urban infrastructure.

The article is dedicated to the modern developmental problems of sport psychology.Nowdays the life of individuals is related to stress and stress resistance, which are reflected in everyday life, including sports. Learning successful ways to deal with stress is extremely important for an athlete. Sport (sporting activity) is inherently stressful for elite and novice Thai boxers,both of them equally exposed to stress during training and competition and need appropriate psychological support[2;8]. Almost every Thai boxer is in a state of high or pronounced stress. At the same time, men and women are equally susceptible to stress during sports activities. Such athletes widely use several self-supporting behavior strategies during their activities to cope with stress moreover, most of them reach a high level of expressiveness. In the work, an attempt was made to reveal the characteristics of the manifestation of stress resistance and self-control behavior formation of Muay Thai athletes, to study the mutual relationship between stress resistance and self-control behavior and the characteristics of behavior formation and manifestation. An experimental study was organized to study the manifestation of stress resistance of athletes of the mentioned sport [1]. Observations, testing and data processing methods were used for the studies, as a result very important conclusions were made. Various manifestations of stress resistance and self-control behavior among Thai boxers were revealed in the studied groups. In athletes, a high tension was observed in the self-monitoring behavior of positive reappraisal and seeking social support. This can be said to characterize Thai boxers as individuals who are focused on the personal, philosophical, reinterpretation of the problematic situation and are included in the broader context of the individual's self-development work. Perception of social support also indicates athletes' focus on interaction with other people, their support, attention, advice, sympathy, and expectation of concrete effective help. The dominant self-control behavior stress behavioral strategies of athletes are distraction and social distraction from the problem. An indicator of the level of neuropsychological stability or stress resistance is negatively correlated with self-control behavior strategies of taking responsibility and planning for problem solving, as well as problem solving strategies.

The article presents a brief overview of theoretical developments in the field of values of police officers in domestic and foreign studies. It is stated that in the field of psychology, personal values are often the object of research and usually have a variety of interpretations. Attention is focused on the fact that in the context of this work, values are understood as deeply rooted motives that form the semantic content of attitudes and standards of personal behaviour, which in the professional sense improves the specialist’s awareness of not only the importance of her/his professional activity but also the significance of her/his own contribution to its qualitative performance. The values of police officers play an important role in their effective psychological functioning and guide their further development. The aim of the article was to establish the semantic content of values and spheres of life in police officers with different levels of personal and professional fulfilment (PPF). To form the groups in the empirical study, the cluster analysis was applied by the k-means using data obtained with the help of the questionnaire of personal fulfilment (PF) by O. Shtepa and the questionnaire of professional self-fulfilment (PS) by O. Kokun. The data obtained in the study of PPF allowed dividing the total selection of police officers, which included 203 people, into three groups: the first group (low level of PPF) included 68 persons, the second group (high level of PPF) – 92 respondents, the third group (medium level of PPF) – 42 surveyed. It has been empirically established, that police officers who have a low level of PPF stand out by their striving for financial stability, and they need to have time for hobbies, which allows them to replenish resources. Police officers who obtain a high level of PPF take care of their image, they can creatively solve complex problems, they care about social development issues and strive for success in the profession. Professional and family life are important for police officers with a low level of PPF. Spheres of professional, family, and social life, the combination of which is optimal for qualified law enforcement officers, have become dominant within police officers with the high level of PPF. Police officers with the high level of PPF prefer to fully realize themselves in the profession, they want to be valued within it, to have a positive image, while devoting time to family and study

The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the administrative activities of the police in emergency situations, the specifics of the police's work in crisis situations are investigated, its regulatory and legal regulation, organizational measures and operational functions are analyzed, with an emphasis on evaluating the training of law enforcement officers for effective response in crisis situations. The work examines the main aspects of the organization and coordination of police actions during emergency situations, and also identifies problems that arise in the process of responding to them, including duplication of functions or gaps in the performance of duties. Special attention is paid to the importance of proper preparation of police officers for such situations, which includes regular training, increasing the level of interagency cooperation, implementation of modern technologies for monitoring and responding to emergency situations, as well as development of communication skills, mobility and adaptability. The article emphasizes the importance of improving the legal framework, providing resources and developing training programs that include practical training and training in the use of special equipment. In addition, factors that directly affect the effectiveness of the police, such as the organization of internal interaction and timely response to external challenges, are analyzed. The importance of a comprehensive approach to the training of law enforcement officers is highlighted, which will ensure not only effective response to emergency situations, but also contribute to ensuring public safety and stability in crisis conditions. The article also suggests directions for improving the existing mechanisms of police work in emergency situations, which will increase its efficiency and trust on the part of citizens.

Introduction. The problem of psychological support for students is always very relevant, especially in the conditions of military conflicts and crisis situations. War, conflict or other stressful events significantly affect the mental state of children and adolescents. It is important to investigate and analyze the peculiarities of psychological support of the participants of the educational process in the realities of the war in Ukraine. The relevance of this problem is manifested in the negative impact of excessive excitement, stress, anxiety and learning, the general development of children, the preservation of mental health and positive microclimate in the team. This requires a systematic response from educational institutions, government agencies and specialists in the field of psychology to provide support for children and adults who have experienced stressful situations due to military conflicts or other events. Purpose. Military conflict impact assessment on the mental health of participants in the educational process for the development and implementation of a psychological support program. Methods. The scientific research used the method of critical analysis of scientific and methodical literature, practical experience. The following methods were widely used: observation, interview, questionnaire, rating, modeling, survey, focus group, empirical experiment. Results. The study analyzed the impact of war events on the psyche and emotional state of participants in the educational process. The results of an empirical study of psychological indicators, which include an assessment of the level of stress, anxiety, depression and other mental reactions among students and teachers, are summarized; revealed their experiences, experiences and mental state during the war period. Based on the received data, a program of psychological support that meets specific needs has been developed. This program includes individual consultations, group sessions, stress resistance training and psychological meetings. Possible strategies of psychological support and methods of assistance for teachers in working with children during military operations are considered. Practical advice and recommendations for psychologists, teachers and parents are offered, which are aimed at ensuring effective psychological protection and support of participants in the educational process in the realities of the war in Ukraine. Originality. A program of psychological support for participants in the educational process in war conditions has been developed and adapted. The program includes individual consultations, group classes, stress resistance training and psychological classes. Conclusion. Methodical recommendations and tips for implementing a program of psychological support for participants in the educational process: ensuring safe and supportive climate in an educational institution, giving teachers and students the opportunity to consult with psychologists to discuss their emotions, stress and ways to overcome them; training of teaching staff. Organization and conduct of art therapy classes using game, simulation, role-playing methods; systems of trainings and classes aimed at developing stress management skills, self-help and self-regulation, increasing stress resistance. Creation of psychological support and discussion groups where participants can share their feelings, experiences and receive emotional help from each other. Information about free psychological counseling centers; distribution of textbooks, brochures and other materials that contain useful tips and strategies for emotional regulation in the conditions of the war in Ukraine. Involvement of parents, the public and local communities in supporting the psychological well-being of participants in the educational process.

A linguistic competence is considered to be a measure of functional knowledge of the language. The authors have an opinion that any kind of communicative activity should be treated as a part of a wider approach towards linguistic competence. It means that linguistic competence is determined by the quality of regular language as well as by the speaker’s internal culture. The concept of competence is described as a combination of the following elements: knowledge, skills, values and personal qualities. The purpose of this study is to reveal the characteristics of linguistic competence of the police officers, and their linguistic competence experience. The objectives of this article were to analyse the role of language in the human communication process, linguistic competence and its expression in police work, as well as to compare linguistic competences of the Lithuanian and Slovak police officers. The role of language in communication process has been reviewed by analysing the concept of communication, the main component of communicative competence – language (linguistic) competence. The analysis part of the article involves presentation of the methodology and results of the survey on the Lithuanian and Slovak police officers’ approach towards the linguistic competence. Based on the analysis of the survey, confidence and positive evaluation of the police officers’ language knowledge have been defined. Police officers were found to be interested in a regular and ethical language and its use. Police officers recognized that familiar, impolite and irregular communication affects the public image of the police. The results showed that respondents possessed a positive approach towards their existing linguistic competence. Furthermore, the survey revealed that police officers appreciate knowledge and skills of communication in foreign languages.

The article deals with normative legal acts that regulate the sphere of public relations regarding the protection of the rights of police officers to respect for their activities during the performance of official duties. Modern experience of legal regulation of protection against insults etc. of police officers in Poland, France, Germany and other European countries is presented. The conditional division of all normative legal acts that regulate the sphere of public relations regarding the protection of the rights of police officers to respect for their activities during the performance of official duties into three main groups is indicated (the first group includes international legal acts and normative legal acts of national legislation ; the second group includes normative legal acts of national legislation that provide for administrative responsibility for the violation of the specified rights of police officers, and the third group includes acts that provide for criminal liability for the violation of the specified rights). The article also talks about the existence of gaps in Ukrainian legislation regarding sanctions for disrespecting and insulting police officers while performing their official duties. It is emphasized that currently in Ukraine, the issue of protecting police officers from harassment, insults, etc. on the Internet, in social networks, on the punishment for creating video or other content on the Internet that offends the honor and dignity of police officers, the National Police of Ukraine as a state institution. The study also emphasizes that civil society has the duty to help policemen in every possible way, not only morally, but also physically, to perform their official duties, and the state must create all the conditions for the formation of favorable psychological and other conditions of service for policemen..

The article discusses stress factors that have a negative impact on National Police officers and what stress is and what its effects are. In domestic and foreign literature, the question of the impact of professional activity on a person and his condition has received quite extensive coverage. However, the role of these factors in the development of psychological (professional) stress, the mechanisms of regulation of this state, the substantiation of models for its study, assessment and prediction of stress resistance to the influence of extreme factors in the activities of a law enforcement officer, the role of personal determination were studied only in passing. Stress in a person’s life takes the first place among psychophysiological and biological processes. Stress is a life-saving mechanism that has been in operation for millions of years throughout human evolution. Stress is the body’s response to the external circumstances of the environment, which mobilizes defense forces to overcome or avoid threats. We know that the problem of experiencing stress is relevant, and the ability to overcome it is transformed into a frontal problem. Due to the lack of psycho-emotional preparation of police officers, the performance of operational tasks is low, injuries and injuries, and sometimes even deaths, occur. Taking into account modern living conditions, we can see how important it is to prepare police officers to deal with various stressful situations. We have investigated the impact of stress on the professional activities of National Police officers, as well as the main factors that can lead to stress, one of which is firing a firearm. The relevance of the study is determined by: the growing demands of the state and society for the effectiveness of law enforcement bodies, in particular bodies of internal affairs in the fight against crime and law enforcement; the extreme nature of the professional activity of police officers, the high level of mental losses, mental incapacity, injury and mortality in internal affairs bodies; there is a lack of theoretical and practical works on the study of psychological determinants the development of professional stress among employees of the main types of law enforcement activities; the need to improve the system of psycho-prophylactic work in law enforcement agencies bodies. Stress resistance is professionally important, a dynamic characteristic of the personality of a police officer, whic allows him to counteract stressful effects and master stressful situations. In addition, a high level of development stress resistance allows a police officer to be successful to realize oneself, to achieve vital goals, to be highly effective in professional activities, able to debug contacts with citizens and maintain relations with colleagues and loved ones, maintain physical and psychological health, etc. Ago, the question of formation and development of stress resistance among employees arises police as an important determinant of their professional development. And together with with him and the problem of tools, namely methods, methods and technologies prevention, neutralization and correction of stress that will help practical psychologists in the process of psychological support police officers.

The article is devoted to the research on the constitutional right to protect honor and dignity, the mechanism for its implementation in accordance with the norms of civil law. The work reveals the peculiarities of honor, dignity, and reputation of police officers. The interconnection of these categories is due to the dual nature of the status of a policeman as an individual and a representative of the authorities, a determination of his personal and professional qualities. At the same time, on the basis of a communicative approach, a distinction of these categories is proposed. Reputation manifests itself in public relations when a police officer carries out his official duties. In this sphere, the possibilities to protect reputation are limited by the need to ensure freedom of speech, the constitutional right to apply to public authorities. Freedom of speech in these cases has priority, provided its fair use. The protection of the reputation of a police officer is also a means of protecting the reputation of law enforcement agencies and the state as a whole. Honor and dignity as personal non-property rights can be affected in private relationships in which the policeman participates as a private person. At the same time, in the area of private relations, which have a special one-to-one trust-building character, the possibilities to protect honor and dignity are limited.

<p><strong>Context and relevance. </strong>Stress resistance is a key factor of professional efficiency and psychological well-being for law enforcement officers whose work involves exposure to chronic stressors. The study of their emotional and personal characteristics is of significant interest to occupational psychology and has important practical implications for improving professional selection and psychological support.<strong> Objective</strong>: to identify the emotional and personal characteristics of stress resistance in police officers compared to representatives of civilian professions.<strong> Hypothesis.</strong> Unlike representatives of civilian professions, the structure of stress resistance in law enforcement officers is largely determined by deep-seated personality traits (anxiety, aggression, and rigidity), rather than by situational factors. <strong> Methods and materials. </strong>The study involved 48 men (mean age 27,5 ± 2,53 years), divided into two groups: patrol and canine service officers (n = 24) and civilian professionals (tour guides, n = 24). A diagnostic battery was used: stress resistance test (Kirsheva, Ryabchikova), “Boston Stress Resistance Test (The Stress Audit)”, Spielberger-Khanin inventory, H. Eysenck's mental states diagnostic method. Statistical analysis employed the Mann-Whitney U-test and correlation analysis.<strong> Results. </strong>Police officers demonstrated significantly higher levels of stress resistance (lower scores on stress vulnerability and overall stress susceptibility scales) compared to the control group. They also showed significantly lower levels of trait and state anxiety, future-oriented anxiety, aggression, and rigidity. Correlation analysis revealed that high stress vulnerability in police officers was associated with a complex of negative personality traits: trait anxiety, aggressiveness, rigidity, and frustration. In the group of civilian professionals, stress vulnerability correlated primarily with situational factors: state anxiety and frustration.<strong> Conclusions. </strong>The stress resistance of police officers has a complex structure and is associated with low levels of trait anxiety, frustration, rigidity, and unexpressed aggressiveness. These findings highlight the importance of assessing this complex of emotional and personal characteristics during professional psychological selection for law enforcement agencies to predict success in chronic stress conditions.</p>

Police officers frequently find themselves in life-threatening situations as part of their official duties. Despite their courage in these high-risk environments, many officers grapple with an internal struggle when it comes to seeking help for their mental health needs. This hesitation can have a profoundly negative impact on their psychological well-being, creating an urgent need for greater understanding and support for officers facing mental health challenges. The objective of this study was to explore the help-seeking attitudes and lived experiences of police officers who have received a mental health diagnosis. Officers often avoid seeking psychological support due to the pervasive societal stigma surrounding mental health issues. The study involved police officers (n=13) assigned across various regions in the Philippines and utilized a purposive sampling procedure to select those participants of interest to the research objectives based on the set criteria. To gather comprehensive insights, a convergent mixed-methods research design was employed. The findings revealed a prevailing uncertainty about the psychological openness of the police officers. However, it is encouraging to note that they exhibited a strong propensity to seek help when needed. Despite their positive attitude towards reaching out for psychological support, the officers expressed considerable concern over the prospect of their loved ones discovering their engagement in psychological care. This apprehension highlights the obvious connection between being uncertain about psychological openness for their mental health and their agreeable attitude towards indifference to stigma, thus the fear of negative repercussions, a theme that emerged prominently in the study. Significant experiential themes among the participants included challenges to disclosure, gradual openness, symptom-focused explanation, workplace challenges, and empathy-seeking support. On another note, although there was clear evidence of a positive attitude toward help-seeking propensity, participants also revealed essential themes in their experiences, such as the importance of seeking professional help, the necessity of destigmatizing and normalizing seeking help, and acknowledgment of mental health needs emerged as essential considerations in their attitudes toward help-seeking. Furthermore, the study uncovered indications of indifference regarding stigma, in comparison with significant themes such as selective disclosure, struggles with isolation and lack of support, stigma and shame, and fears of being perceived as “crazy” or deemed unfit for duty. These resonate with the understanding of their personal lives and societal perceptions that police officers bear while addressing their mental health concerns.

Introduction. The development of territory and regions is one of the key issues that requires the attention of crisis management. In the context of current challenges and crisis situations, effective crisis management is crucial for ensuring the sustainable development of territories and regions. The relevance of the problem of territory development as an object of crisis management is determined by the need to ensure the long-term stability and prosperity of regions.
 The research hypothesis is that effective crisis management contributes to the sustainable development of territory and region.
 The aim of this article is to study and analyze the development of territory and region as an object of crisis management in order to identify optimal strategies for ensuring sustainable development.
 Research methods. To achieve the aim of this research, the following methods were employed: analysis of scientific literature, statistical data analysis, surveys, and interviews with experts in crisis management.
 Results. The research findings confirmed that effective crisis management contributes to enhancing the resilience of territories and regions in crisis situations. It was identified that optimal strategies include ensuring effective communication, flexibility, and coordination among different structures and actors of crisis management. Additionally, timely forecasting of potential crisis situations and implementation of preventive measures were found to be crucial for successful crisis management.
 The conclusions drawn from the research findings highlight the necessity of effective crisis management for ensuring sustainable development of territories and regions. The identified optimal strategies and recommendations can be utilized to enhance practical activities in the field of crisis management.
 Keywords: development; territory; region; crisis management; sustainability; efficiency.

Introduction: Stress is the physiological response to any stimulus that requires mental or physical focus or exertion. Police officers are responsible for enforcing laws in their jurisdiction. As there is a rise in the personal risk of verbal and physical assaults, as well as ongoing involvement in a range of unpleasant situations, the duties of law enforcement officers tend to become fundamentally stressful. This research aims to assess work-related stress and mental well-being among police personnel in the Mangalore jurisdiction. Methods: A Descriptive study was conducted with 220 police personnel from the Mangalore Jurisdiction from March 3, 2023, to March 31, 2023. The Operational Police Stress Questionnaire and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scales were used to gather data from participants selected through a disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. To determine the relationship between police officers' mental wellness and their level of work-related stress, Karl Pearson's Correlation Coefficient was calculated. Results: 87.3% of the police personnel experienced high stress, followed by 10.5% who had medium stress, and 2.2% who had low stress. The majority, 59.6% of police personnel, had medium mental well-being, 35.9% had high mental well-being, and 4.5% had low mental well-being. The results also showed that there was no significant correlation (r = 0.034) between work-related stress and mental well-being among police personnel. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is a high level of work-related stress among police personnel in the Mangalore jurisdiction, which is directly or indirectly affecting their mental well-being.

The article theoretically substantiates, for the first time, the feasibility of deploying micro-fulfillment center (MFC) networks as an adaptive logistics infrastructure in emergency situations, particularly martial law. A conceptual model for the formation of an MFC network is proposed, which considers key factors such as spatial demand, the availability and accessibility of resources, as well as potential risks that may arise during crisis situations. The developed model allows for a more efficient distribution of logistics flows and optimization of infrastructure to achieve high operational efficiency under conditions of limited resources. Particular attention in the article is paid to the systematization of challenges faced by quick e-commerce in urban environments during wartime, specifically issues related to infrastructure damage, disruptions to transport routes, and the need to ensure uninterrupted delivery of goods in areas where instability is observed due to the war. It is determined that MFC networks have significant potential in enhancing the resilience of logistics systems, providing quick and efficient access to goods even in challenging conditions. An important element of the research is the application of the K-means clustering algorithm to model optimal locations for MFCs in crisis situations, which is a novel approach in the study of urban logistics. Based on the analysis of spatial data and demand, the algorithm allows for the identification of the most advantageous locations for MFCs, ensuring high delivery speed and minimization of logistics costs. This tool enhances the efficiency of logistics systems management, making them more adaptive to the rapidly changing conditions of war or emergency situations.