ДОСВІД ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОСТОРІ ЄВРОПИ ПІД ЧАС ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19

Problem and purpose. The article analyzes the development of massive open online courses (MOOC), their structure and application in the practice of higher education, the introduction of new experience and strategy of distance learning at the Department of Physical Culture of the Siberian Federal University. The purpose of the article is to analyze the stages of the emergence and development of one of the areas of distance learning – massive open online courses (MOOC) and to analyze their application in the educational process of the University. The methodology of the research is based on the analysis of theoretical materials and research works of foreign and domestic scientists on the development of massive open online courses and the experience in the implementation of massive open online courses. Results. The article is devoted to the theory and experience of using MOОС in the world and in the educational process of the University. The authors describe the main intermediate results of the massive open online courses introduction in the educational process at the Department of Physical Culture of the Siberian Federal University. The problems, errors in the work with the MOОС and the aspects correcting the errors in future are analyzed. Conclusion. The results obtained so far allow us to conclude that the possible option of using distance learning technologies in the form of MOОС in teaching the discipline of „Physical Culture” is effective but requires additional research and further considerations.

This chapter analyzes the instructional quality and learning design of different categories of online courses and their history, with a special focus on massive open online courses (MOOCs). Online courses have a long tradition that has gained public attention, broad interest, and huge numbers of participants thanks to the introduction of free MOOCs accessible online for all interested learners worldwide. In this chapter, we first define MOOCs, their characteristics, and history. Afterward, theoretical frameworks and practical instruments and tools based on scientific research are presented. From the beginning, the quality of MOOCs (and of online courses in general) has been debated. That led to discussions about the learning design and outcomes of MOOCs, which we introduce in the next section. Key research findings and practical validated instruments for designing and evaluating MOOCs (and online courses in general) are presented. Then following, the key benefits of MOOCs and the main arguments and scenarios for their usage are summarized. Based on our analysis of the research results, practices, and standards, a framework for categories and types of (massive open) online courses is proposed, called the typologies of online courses (TOC) framework. As part of the global community for open educational resources (OER) and in combination with the UNESCO recommendation on OER, MOOCs can play a significant role in achieving the SDG4 of the United Nations: inclusive and equitable quality education for all. This is true in particular during times of public lockdowns, such as during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

There has been much research done on online learning including research on online educational activities and methods. The use of technology is gaining rising importance in higher education due to the benefits that it brings. In terms of adopting new technologies to teaching, new forms of teaching, such as massive open online courses (MOOCs), are increasingly seen as a feasible future form of learning. The importance of MOOCs in higher education has caused debates in the computing education research. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the pedagogical implications of MOOCs to higher education. Research in MOOCs is of vital importance because these courses may offer meaningful learning opportunities for those otherwise impossible through means of distance learning. The concepts of e-learning, online learning and distance learning have been previously addressed where previous research has indicated that the integration of online technologies to higher education do not automatically support learning. Many education institutions still question the sustainability of courses using extensive online technologies in higher education. The authors open up new research opportunities in a student-centered design in MOOCs incorporating a personalized learning environment to online education.

A massive open online course on the laws of thermodynamics has been designed using the 5Es (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate) lesson planning methodology and delivered using everyday engineering examples to provide familiar contexts for both a global cohort of more than 3000 learners ranging in age from teenagers to septuagenarians in 137 different countries plus a large class of 355 university undergraduates. In addition to the structured pedagogy, the massive open online course included innovations in the use of practical exercises, that could be performed in the learner’s kitchen, and worked examples to enhance the learning experience. The massive open online course was provided in parallel with an introductory undergraduate course and as an additional learning resource for the undergraduate students. A little less than one-fifth of the undergraduates participated in the massive open online course and just over half of these responded that it would be an acceptable substitute for traditional lectures. The percentage completing the massive open online course was relatively high at 28% compared to 21% for other massive open online courses on the same platform, which is attributed to the pedagogy and strong support for social learning based on a survey of fully participating learners in the last week of the five-week course.

What knowledge is available on massive open online courses in nursing and academic healthcare sciences education? A rapid review

IntroductionThe past decade has seen an increased presence of online educational platforms as a widespread mode for mass education evidenced by the growing popularity of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Unsurprisingly, The New York Times deemed 2012 the year of the MOOC. These online platforms have enlivened a national conversation on innovation and a debate on their effectiveness in achieving the United States' postsecondary education goals. This article examines the extent to which historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) can participate in this conversation by reviewing the extant literature on distance learning technologies at HBCUs and the available data on technological infrastructure at HBCUs using the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. Rather than solely joining the bandwagon, these authors suggest that HBCU leaders are in a suitable position to serve as advocates to bridge the persistent (racial) digital divide in the nation; a necessary first step if one is to envision MOOCs as a suitable supplement for education.As an emerging phenomenon in higher education, MOOCs persist without a stable definition (Baggaley, 2013). For this article, the authors define MOOCs as online courses offered through mediated agreements, and hosted in partnerships with companies such as Coursera (coursera.org), Udacity (udacity.com), edX (edX.org), NovoEd formerly Venture Labs (novoed.com or venture-lab.org), and Udemy (udemy.com; Billington & Fronmueller, 2013). MOOCs, unlike other forms of online education, are free, and aim to enroll thousands of students. Additionally, unlike the traditional models of online education, MOOCs engage with the flipped classroom model where instructors opt to act more like a tutor walking among the students rather than a sage on the stage performing a monologue (Voss, 2013, p. 23).Therefore, the question is asked, what is the capacity of HBCUs to integrate MOOCs into their learning models? Also, will MOOCs serve as an enhancement to HBCU campuses, their missions, and their students? In this article, these questions are answered by focusing on two key issues undergirding the assumption of MOOCs potential to innovate the future of higher education. First, the authors forefront the lack of adequate extant data (mis)used to claim that MOOCs can be effective throughout the varied institutional contexts of higher education. Secondly, attention is drawn to the national digital divide that hinders the potential for MOOCs to effectively succeed. Using these two propositions, the aim is to temper the knee-jerk disposition to believe that MOOCs can serve as a panacea for higher education's challenges.MethodologyThe basis of this article is a comprehensive literature review pertaining to HBCUs and MOOCs, supplemented with national data. A systematic approach is used to crafting a literature review. This approach is important as this is the first article to examine the topics of MOOCs within the HBCU context. This study is laying the foundation for future research. The literature review is divided into three sections that provide a landscape and delve deeper into the needs and concerns of key constituents on HBCU campuses. Section one focuses on the literature pertaining to MOOCs overall, the rise of technology on college campuses, including the HBCU context. Section two pertains to these general topics but examines the role and needs of faculty with this context. Finally, section three of the literature review considers the student and his or her learning and role in the potential adoption of MOOCs on HBCU campuses. In addition to a focus specifically on HBCUs, the authors also consider the overarching digital divide in the United States as well as the lack of data to make good decisions about the adoption of MOOCs at HBCUs. This comprehensive literature review leads to a set of recommendations for HBCUs to consider when thinking about adopting MOOCs as a part of their curricula or partnering with MOOC platforms. …

The running security and stability of massive open online course's teaching network directly affect the implementation process of massive open online course's teaching tasks. In order to provide valuable reference data for the management and maintenance of the network, this paper puts forward an analysis method of abnormal traffic of higher vocational massive open online course's teaching network based on deep convolution neural network. According to the structure of the teaching network of massive open online course in higher vocational colleges, a network model is built. Under this model, the flow data is collected, and the preprocessing of the initial flow data is completed through data cleaning, standardized conversion and clustering. The deep convolution neural network is established, and the characteristics of network traffic data are extracted through back propagation iteration. After discrete detection and feature matching, the abnormal traffic in the teaching network of higher vocational massive open online course is detected, and the visual analysis results are obtained. Compared with the traditional network abnormal traffic analysis method, it is found that the detection error and missed detection rate of the optimized design method are reduced by 3.75MB and 1.02% respectively, the accuracy of traffic abnormal type analysis is increased by 1%, and the analysis speed is obviously improved.KeywordsDeep Convolution Neural NetworkTeaching in Massive Open Online CourseTeaching NetworkAbnormal Flow Analysis

MOOC(Massive Open Online Course)란 대단위로 누구나 무료로 수강할 수 있는 온라인 강좌이다. 이러한 MOOC가 기존 대학체계를 무너뜨리고, 교육의 새 지평을 열 것이라는 전망이 있었다. 그러나 MOOC는 기존의 고등교육기관을 위협할 것이라는 최초의 전망과는 다른 양상으로 진행되고 있다. 그래서 본 연구는 MOOC의 허와 실을 드러냄으로써 MOOC를 우리 고등교육의 실정에 맞게 제작하고 활용할 수 있는 논의의 시발점을 마련하고자 한다. MOOC는 기본적으로 온라인 교육이므로 기존 온라인 교육의 본질적인 문제점인 '상호작용, 감독 및 평가'의 문제를 그대로 계승할 수밖에 없다. 그리고 새로이 추가된 'Massive' 개념은 교육 현장에서 가장 민감한 부분인 강좌당 학생 수 문제를 불러일으키며, 'Open' 개념은 MOOC가 불특정 다수를 염두에 둔 강좌이므로 맞춤형 교육에 역행된다. 결론적으로 MOOC는 자기 주도적 학습 능력이 매우 탁월한 학습자들과 전통적인 온라인 고등교육기관에도 접근할 수 없는 사람들을 위한 교육 서비스로 자리매김 되고, 대학에서는 Flipped Learning의 수단으로 사용될 가능성이 매우 높다. 그러므로 향후 MOOC에서는 이 점이 고려되어 강좌의 대상에 맞게 차별화되어 개발될 필요가 있다. MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) is an online course aimed at limited participation and open access via the web. There is even the prospect that MOOC may break down the existing university system and open a new horizon of education. However, MOOC is going differently from the first prospect that it would threat the existing higher education institutions. So this study wishes to provide a starting point of discussion that we can produce and utilize MOOC to fit our situation of higher education by revealing the inherent problems of MOOC. MOOC is a basically online education, so that it cannot help inheriting the essential weakness of the existing one: the interaction, supervision and evaluation. The newly added concept 'massive' raises the problem of class size which is the most sensitive part in the field of education. The concept 'open' reverses a customized education because MOOC is a kind of video clips of a lecture for unspecific massive learners. As a conclusion, we predicts that MOOC will be positioned as a higher education service for very prominent learners in self-led learning ability and people who cannot access even traditional online higher education institutions. Also MOOC is highly likely to be used as a means of Flipped Learning in universities. Therefore, considering these points in the future, we need to develop MOOC to suit these targets.

In the first years of the 21st century a lot of educative innovation has been developed. One of the most relevant innovations for higher education institutions are the Massive Open On-line Courses (MOOC). In the field of Computer and Information Sciences, a lot of MOOC have been performed. In this paper we analyze the courses that are available in Coursera, one of the most popular platforms for delivering MOOC. Our intention is to assess to which extent the subjects suggested for the careers of Computer and Information Sciences are covered by the courses in Coursera. Despite the fact that are many courses in certain subjects, our results show that some subjects are not very well covered. Another conclusion that can be elicited from our analysis is that there are strong relationships among the courses that are available in Coursera. Key Words Massive Open On-line Courses (MOOC), Distance education, Computer Science.

BackgroundMassive open online courses (MOOCs) have become immensely popular in a short span of time. However, there is very little research exploring MOOCs in the discipline of health and medicine.ObjectiveWe aim to provide a review of MOOCs related to health and medicine offered by various MOOC platforms in 2013, by analyzing and comparing the various offerings, their target audience, typical length of course, and credentials offered. We also discuss opportunities and challenges presented by MOOCs in health and medicine.MethodsHealth and medicine–related MOOCs were gathered using several methods to ensure the richness and completeness of data. Identified MOOC platform websites were used to gather the lists of offerings. In parallel, these MOOC platforms were contacted to access official data on their offerings. Two MOOC aggregator sites (Class Central and MOOC List) were also consulted to gather data on MOOC offerings. Eligibility criteria were defined to concentrate on the courses that were offered in 2013 and primarily on the subject of health and medicine. All language translations in this paper were done using Google Translate.ResultsThe search identified 225 courses, of which 98 were eligible for the review. Over half (58%, 57/98) of the MOOCs considered were offered on the Coursera platform, and 94% (92/98) of all the MOOCs were offered in English. Universities offered 90 MOOCs, and the John Hopkins University offered the largest number of MOOCs (12/90). Only three MOOCs were offered by developing countries (China, West Indies, and Saudi Arabia). The duration of MOOCs varied from 3-20 weeks with an average length of 6.7 weeks. On average, MOOCs expected a participant to work on the material for 4.2 hours a week. Verified certificates were offered by 14 MOOCs, while three others offered other professional recognition.ConclusionsThe review presents evidence to suggest that MOOCs can be used as a way to provide continuous medical education. It also shows the potential of MOOCs as a means of increasing health literacy among the public.

Methods for teaching large numbers of people over the Internet have become a popular topic as new technologies for communication and teaching large audiences have emerged in recent years. Many educational institutions are turning toward MOOCs, or massive open online courses, as a technology for delivery of learning content. In this article, we describe a brief history of MOOCs and the technologies that support learning in MOOCs. We also illustrate what uniquely defines MOOCs in comparison to other forms of distance or online learning. We conclude with a discussion on the implications for teaching and learning with MOOCs and valuable steps for MOOC design, implementation, and future research.

Purpose: Building a diverse healthcare workforce warrants efforts to scale health careers education for underrepresented and nontraditional students, as health career opportunity programs are not accessible to many students. A massive open online course (MOOC) is a new model for education that offers knowledge and resources for free. Accessible globally to anyone with an internet connection, MOOCs have the potential to impart interdisciplinary knowledge and skills toward students' pursuits of health related careers. Here, we describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of the MOOC, “Career 911: Your Future Job in Medicine and Healthcare.” Career 911 seeks to enable students to explore health career options and build skills for their career journey, including: articulating a personal story, resume and cover letter writing, job search, interviewing, professional networking, and professional communications. We examine the reach and characteristics of enrolled learners from the first run of Career 911 (April 13 – May 24, 2015) and investigate the challenges and concerns students had about pursuing their healthcare career goals. Methods: Data collected included students' self-reported demographic information from a pre-course survey as well as students' content usage and engagement from participant tracking logs and activity metadata. Self-reported career challenges were parsed from homework submissions and coded using standard qualitative methods. Results: A total of 8,338 students from 159 different countries (44% from the United States) enrolled in the first run of Career 911. Whereas MOOC student populations tend to be male, older, highly educated, and employed, Career 911 students were female (56%), younger (mean = 34.2 and 18% were under the age of 22), currently still in school (43%), and not currently employed full time (63%). The most frequently cited challenges and concerns students had about pursuing their career goals included finances, time management, competition of getting jobs/getting into programs, and family commitments. In the six week run of the course, 450 students explored career websites; 220 students mapped their 1, 2, and 5-year career steps to achieve their target profession/job; 163 students put together a professional networking plan with informational interview questions; 132 students created a cover letter; and 125 students created a resume. A sizeable percentage of learners (11%) indicated that they were educators and were interested in using the course content for their own students. Conclusion: MOOCs have the potential to scale health careers exploration and career readiness resources to global populations, supporting thousands of students through content that can scale. We discuss several key challenges and opportunities for future MOOCs to enhance entry into health care careers and impact health equity globally. Citation Format: Melissa A. Simon, Laura S. Tom, Kasey Brown, Shaneah Taylor, Nadia Hajjar, Emmanuel Cordova Telles, Erika de la Riva. Career 911: A massive open online course (MOOC) to promote healthcare workforce diversity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B01.

The present study was conducted to recognize and analyze the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) aesthetics for sustainable education. For this purpose, two methods of the exploratory search (qualitative) and the questionnaire (quantitative) were used for data collection. The research sample in the qualitative section included the electronic resources related to the topic and in the quantitative section, 36 experts in the field of the distance education planning from the virtual learning environments and universities were selected voluntarily. The content analysis method was used to analyze the qualitative data and weighted average and Friedman's test was used to analyze the survey data for content analysis. The qualitative results of the study showed that the aesthetics of the MOOC should have a visual attraction in terms of the learner dimension, and they should be attractive and enjoyable in terms of the content dimension and regardless of any constraint, they must be linked to the natural environment regarding the dimension of the teaching organization and educational environment, indicating the equal effect of each of the four dimensions (the learner, content, teaching organization, and educational environment) of distance education. Quantitative results obtained from the viewpoints of the experts in the field of the distance education on the aesthetics of the MOOC showed that they can be assessed in the dimensions of the content, educational environment, and the teaching organization that will have a significant and special effect on the qualitative results on the MOOC aesthetics.

Technology advancement has allowed our education to make innovations, and massive open online courses (MOOCs) has become one of the promising programs that facilitate fruitful learning outcomes for many fields of study especially English language learning. This reflective study evaluated the first iteration of Indonesian Massive Open Online Course (IMOOC), in 2017, perceived from both facilitator and participant point of view, taking the IMOOC IAIN Salatiga camp as the sample subject of the study. Our reflections started with vignettes on challenges and opportunities for online learning and some attributes generally referred to as the basic requirements of successful open online course, such as, curiosity and richness in ways of the learning materials, preferences in learning and flexibility for the aspects of learning style and facilitation, and user-friendliness for the aspects of information and communication technology. Finally, our reflections as a facilitator and a participant to the first IMOOC discovered assorted technical and module-related issues faced by facilitator and participants respectively but both assured of opportunities prospective to develop professionalism in English language teaching in the future. In a more serious note, this study has formulated 3 attributes for the basic requirements of successful open online course namely providing multimodal contents in accordance with participant critical thinking level, accommodating different learning styles with stimulating facilitation, and utilizing current and user-friendly digital tools applicable and integrative in Indonesian teaching context.

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have received both praise and condemnation in higher education. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) debuted in 2008, and the phenomenon quickly acquired global traction. The present study aims to increase understanding of the effects of MOOCs on higher education and teachers' attitudes towards this emerging type of education by analysing existing research and data. The current study is quantitative, and the survey method of data collection was chosen due to the nature of the study and its demand. The population of the study included all higher education teachers of West Bengal. The analysis shows that there is no significant difference in male and female teachers' attitudes towards Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), nor is there a significant difference in teachers' attitudes towards Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) based on teaching experience. The major findings show that MOOCs have a positive influence on the attitude of higher education teachers.