Исследование повседневности современных подростков: присутствие в социальных сетях как неотъемлемая составляющая общения

With the rise and large-scale applications of social networking service, the prediction of information cascades has attracted extensive attention of researchers. User influence is an important factor affecting the dissemination of posts in online social networks. However, current studies usually take the number of users’ neighbors as their influence, and do not accurately describe the role of participating users in information dissemination. In this paper, a prediction model of information cascades in social networks is established based on the Hawkes process, and the model considers three factors, i.e., post influence, user influence and users’ response time, to describe the occurrence probability of forwarding events. In order to utilize abundant information of local network topology, we present a new method of calculating user influence, combining with semi-local centrality and local clustering coefficients. Then, a regression tree algorithm is used to determine time correction coefficients to reveal dynamic post influence, and the popularity prediction of posts in social networks is realized. Comparison experiments of different models are carried out on real-world datasets to evaluate the effectiveness and prediction performance of the proposed model, and results show that our method outperforms other counterparts.

The present paper focuses on the cognitive modelling of literary text space. The aim of the research was to conduct a comparative study of the cognitive proxemic models of the subconcepts “virtual space” and “real space”, as represented in the multicultural novel «Walking in Two Worlds» by W. Kinew. In accordance with E.A. Ogneva’s research, a cognitive model of literary text space is defined as a construct which demonstrates the correlation between various constituents of the nominative field of the literary concept “space”, which is perceived and comprehended by the reader. The term “proxeme” is used to denote a word or a word combination that is semantically related to parameters of space. The article presents data on the quantitative relation between the types of thematic proxemic models which comprise the nominative field of the literary subconcepts “virtual space” and “real space”, namely, models of personalised anthropocentrically marked literary text space, models of non-personalised anthropocentrically marked literary text space, as well as those of non-personalised anthropocentrically unmarked literary text space. For each of the abovementioned categories of proxemic models the most common types of proxemes are identified. In addition to this, the representation of dynamic literary text space and the spatial axes is examined. The results obtained highlight the qualitative differences between the significance of the virtual literary text space and the real literary text space, as conceived by the author of the novel. Despite the fact that the characters perceive real life as less salient and important than their performance in the virtual space, the real literary text space turns out to be more intense in terms of human activity than the virtual literary text space and, therefore, not less meaningful, whereas the virtual text space is represented as an environment conducive to creativity alongside revival and/or preservation of traditional culture.

The conventional notion of community that favors a high ratio of internal edges to outbound edges becomes invalid when each vertex participates in multiple communities. Such a behavior is commonplace in social networks. The significant overlaps among communities make most existing community detection algorithms ineffective. The lack of effective and efficient tools resulted in very few empirical studies on large-scale detection and analyses of overlapping community structure in real social networks. We developed recently a scalable and accurate method called the Partial Community Merger Algorithm (PCMA) with linear complexity and demonstrated its effectiveness by analyzing two online social networks, Sina Weibo and Friendster, with 79.4 and 65.6 million vertices, respectively. Here, we report in-depth analyses of the 2.9 million communities detected by PCMA to uncover their complex overlapping structure. Each community usually overlaps with a significant number of other communities and has far more outbound edges than internal edges. Yet, the communities remain well separated from each other. Most vertices in a community are multi-membership vertices, and they can be at the core or the peripheral. Almost half of the entire network can be accounted for by an extremely dense network of communities, with the communities being the vertices and the overlaps being the edges. The empirical findings ask for rethinking the notion of community, especially the boundary of a community. Realizing that it is how the edges are organized that matters, the f-core is suggested as a suitable concept for overlapping community in social networks. The results shed new light on the understanding of overlapping community.

The article is devoted to the topical issue of identifying information threats in virtual communities of social networks and mechanisms for counteracting such threats. The process of organization of monitoring and content analysis of virtual communities in social networks is studied. The technology of detecting information threats of virtual communities in social networks and methods of their assessment have been developed. An approach to finding pages of discussions on social networks based on the Louvain method is proposed. The technology of determining the degree of information threat of the virtual community in social networks and ways to counteract the information threats of the virtual community have been developed.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the rules of behaviour of communicants in the process of distance learning. The purpose of the study is to consider the main difficulties that arise when students and teachers communicate in the virtual space, to identify their causes and ways to overcome them. The author focuses on the rules of email etiquette. The data obtained during a survey of students and teachers of the Perm State National Research University is used by the author. The relevance of the topic raised in this article is due to the fact that at present it is an urgent need to teach students and schoolchildren the basics of digital etiquette, namely, polite communication in social networks, compliance with the etiquette of official email correspondence, etc. The methods used for research include analysis, description, observation, comparison. The results of the study showed that in the moving to distance learning, when students ' communication with the teacher becomes mediated, many students experience certain difficulties, because they do not know the rules of behaviour in cyberspace. In this regard, it is concluded that teachers should include the module " Acquaintance with digital etiquette " in the course of training in order to make communication with students more effective and develop the necessary communicative competence.

The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the adolescents’ involvement in virtual cyberspace and the influence of activities in it on their social and psychological characteristics, as well as on the features of the critical brain systems functioning. Close and highest values of use by teenagers the frequency as a means of leisure video games and communication in social networks are considered. At the same time, the increase in the number of users with new technologies, according to modern scientific literature, outpaces the accumulation of knowledge about the influence of the information environment on the human psyche and brain, which are forming and developing in new conditions. There are evidence, provided the high values of the use two main types of digital technologies: virtual communications in social networks and video games, which can be associated with the methodical features of surveys and questionnaires and do not reflect the selectivity of adolescent behavior in cyberspace. Scientific sources suggest that a certain proportion of researchers are positive and optimistic about the use of video games in education and leisure, emphasizing their evolving effects on visual memory, spatial orientation and the ability to make correct decisions in uncertain or complex situations. At the same time, there is little evidence of significant changes in verbal-conceptual intelligence. The structure of intellectual functions changes with an emphasis on non-verbal intelligence clearly demonstrate the directional impact of computer games on the highest mental functions, the degree transformation of which depends on the game practice and content of games. The noted negative effects of adolescent gaming activity on the emotional and social characteristics of gamers’ behavior can be associated not only with the gaming time so perhaps with the premorbid features of adolescents, such as depressive experiences. Most researchers on the impact of over-the-counter social media on the psychological and social characteristics of adolescents express similar views, characterizing fans of virtual communication as aggressive, hostile personalities, with superficial assessments and reduced criticism of information in blogs and accounts. This set of properties of users by social networks creates a basis for their involvement in various anti-social actions in cyberspace and real public life. In connection with these facts, it is necessary and possible to research the role of social networks’ commercialization as the causes of the emergence of underage millionaires, bloggers, whose example and success educates much more effectively than school and family. Clinical study over the fascination with video games and virtual life in social networks are in DSM-V in the form of a special form of technology dependences, internet- addiction. Internet abuses based of the specifics of the activity of neural networks, regulating higher mental functions and behaviors. There is the risk of organic lesions of the central nervous system of modern adolescents and social disability of the younger generation. At present, it is not clear the cause-and-effect relationship of premorbid features of abuser and the rate of addiction formation, which certainly requires further research of adolescents, whose leisure time is increase to many hours of action on the Internet and gadgets. The facts mentioned in the article emphasize the relevance and importance of studying psychophysiological and physiological mechanisms, which are most sensitive to the influence of information factors of the environment. It is necessary to formulate a general practical task of preventing excessive fascination with the Internet and gaming by teenagers, the formation of digital diagnostic methods of assessments of brain and mental functioning, as well as corrective psychological and educational activities and programs.

ABSTRACTInformation schools (iSchools) have grown along with heightened understanding of the rapid changes taking place in the information society and in the humanities. This growth has led to the characteristics of multidisciplinarity and the need for ongoing discussion and collaboration in information field (i-Field) research in terms of human behaviors and information technology. To promote collaboration in the context of research and education, it is necessary to understand the current activities of iSchools in relation to their collaboration patterns. This study analyzed the research patterns among iSchools at the macro and micro levels, and combined the analysis resultsFor the analysis,, 41 iSchools were identified from the iSchool directory. Co-authorship and an institution-profiling network were extracted from conference papers and posters presented at the iConference 2008-2013 to mine scholarly communication patterns. Social networks (friendship networks) among them were also extracted from Twitter by collecting their common followees to identify their interest in current public issues. The network analysis was performed at the micro and macro levels.In the micro-level analysis, the structures of social networking and scholarly communication among 41 iSchools were constructed and compared statistically by executing quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) correlation. The QAP correlation analysis determines whether a relationship exists between two particular nodes in two networks at the same time. At the macro level, comparison between the top interest in social networking and that of scholarly communication was performed by revealing top co-word networks. Additionally, co-authorship patterns and institution profiling patterns among 196 institutions, including the 41 iSchools identified in scholarly communication, were compared statistically to identify similarities and differences in communication patterns of iSchools compared to non-iSchools.The analysis provided evidence of the current prominent collaborating bodies and their neighbors as proactive actors accelerating scholarly communication and social networking. The social networking pattern and institution-profiling pattern were significantly related at the micro level, and the co-authorship pattern was significantly related to the institution-profiling pattern at macro-level. Additionally, iSchools that actively elaborate social networking and scholarly communication at the micro or macro levels were identified and compared to determine whether iSchools that could bridge other iSchools and non-iSchools in both social networking and research. The significant interest in social networking revealed in this study was related to IT trends and higher education while the research interest in the iField was related to linking information science to society, technology, and culture.Keywords: Social network analysis, Bibliometrics, Twitter, Social networking, iSchool, iConference1. INTRODUCTIONiSchools are recognized as an emerging name for information schools whose approach applies information science and technology to culture, education, and business (iSchools). Because membership and research activities of iSchools have expanded rapidly since 2003, it is important to define the major activities and research these schools have pursued to understand where they stand in the fields of research and education. Recent studies have examined the overall research activity and education programs of iSchools (Chen 2008; Subramaniam & Jaeger 2011; Wiggins & Sawyer 2012; Wu, He, Jiang, Dong & Vo, 2012) and these studies could be regarded as a reflection of the need for further research.The purpose of this study was to enhance the understanding of iSchools and their research activities by identifying their major interests in current issues and research. The researcher assumed that iSchools' social networking patterns could represent their interests in current issues, and publications could show their research interests and activities. …

The problem area of cultural periodicals is made up of their conceptual specificity. Cultural periodicals serve as distributors of peculiar information. Traditionally, the distribution of this kind of knowledge has been based and reliant on the printed format. At the turn of the 21st century, with the era of virtualization gaining dominance, changes started getting manifested. As both culture and world outlook initiated a transformation while following the digital trends, cultural periodicals inevitably started facing the new trends of publishing and communication. They were actually forced to adapt to the changes, i.e., to distribute their cultural content not only in the traditional, but also in the digital format. They started setting up websites, and launching communication in social networks. Hence, in the era of virtualization, printed cultural periodicals ceased to serve as the only means of reaching the reader, that is, reading on the screen and communication in social networks became an inseparable part of their everyday reality. In this context, discussions were flaring as to which form of publishing – the virtual, or the traditional printed format, is the more appropriate one for cultural periodicals, and how the two formats of publishing should be aligned. Thus, the relevance of the research of cultural periodicals is determined by two aspects: 1) the importance of cultural mass media, including cultural periodicals, for the cultural life of the nation, especially in the context of the mass culture and globalization; and 2) the problematic situation of publishing Lithuanian cultural periodicals at the time of media transformation , especially prior to 2015, which may be deemed the year of the initiation of the threshold in the publication of cultural periodicals. It was then that countless discussions and social campaigns started in an attempt to note the very existence of cultural periodicals and the issues they were facing. This period of a shift continued until 18 May 2018, when the Association of Cultural Periodicals was established, which actively contributed to the establishment of the Media Support Foundation. This has given cultural publications greater visibility, visibility and accessibility. Together, this has opened up more opportunities for research and reduced research gaps in this area.

Communities in social networks form with different purposes and play a significant role in interpersonal interactions. Analysis of virtual communities indicates a more precise understanding of the behaviours and desires of individuals in social networks. In this paper, new measures have been proposed for analyzing implicit and explicit communities in Online Social Networks (OSNs). The measures of “potential value of the community members” and “value of the community messages”, which are used for calculating the measure of “community value” are among the most important measures introduced in this paper. Another measure introduced is “user influence rate” in a community, which represents the contribution of a person in creating value in a community. To provide a sound dataset, we collected the information from several real implicit communities in Twitter based on different hashtags. Finally, the suggested measures have been analyzed and compared statistically and behaviourally across different communities. The results of this research well indicate the importance and practicality of the measures introduced in Community analysis of Twitter.

: Current approaches to community detection in social networks often ignore the spatial location of the nodes. In this paper, we look to extract spatially-near communities in a social network. We introduce a new metric to measure the quality of a community partition in a geolocated social networks called spatially-near modularity a value that increases based on aspects of the network structure but decreases based on the distance between nodes in the communities. We then look to find an optimal partition with respect to this measure - which should be an ideal community with respect to both social ties and geographic location. Though an NP-hard problem, we introduce two heuristic algorithms that attempt to maximize this measure and outperform nongeographic community finding by an order of magnitude. Applications to counter-terrorism are also discussed.

The paper considers marketing communications in social networks that allow to constantly maintain two-way feedback from consumers. Authors understand social media marketing as the use of existing platforms to raise brand awareness among consumers by using the principles of these platforms. Forms of platform promotion are defined: traditional and social (organic). The paper analyzes and systematizes the most popular social networks, which include: Facebook, Whatsapp, Youtube, Instagram, Tik Tok, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Snapchat. The considered social networks are divided into: social networks, professional networks, video hosting, knowledge sharing media, micro-blogs and user forums. The paper presents the TOP social networks in the world as of 2019. The paper highlights and substantiates the benefits of marketing in social media, namely: brand building, customer loyalty, conversion, customer service, awareness raising and branding; customer base growth; attracting traffic, leads and sales, etc. As social networks promote active communication between companies and consumers, stimulate interaction among users - the factors that influence customer engagement are identified in the work; it was investigated which content on the brand's page on social networks attracts the majority and makes you want to visit again. It is justified that when using SMM (SocialMediaMarketing) you need to pay more attention to the published information, as this is one of the main factors influencing customers. The paper emphasizes the importance of openness as the main factor in creating a trusting relationship "brand-consumer", which in turn shapes the behavior of the buyer in reality. SMM has been proven to be a powerful media platform for customer communication, brand building, sales growth and website traffic, as the brand demonstrates its openness to communication through social media. It is substantiated that with the help of social networks brands remain in trend.

Community social networks (CSN) include individuals and groups, and those with strong partnerships and relationships are well situated for implementing community-based interventions. However, information on the nature of CSN relationships required for multilevel community-based interventions is not present in the literature. Using data from the multi-level Children’s Healthy Living (CHL) trial to reduce child obesity in nine Pacific communities, this study aimed to develop a methodology based on Social Network Analysis (SNA) to understand how CSN evolved over the course of a two-year trial, as well as the characteristics of CSN most successful in impacting indicators of childhood obesity. The two-year trial was considered in four six-month intervals. Within each interval, implemented activities, as recorded in CHL monthly reports, were coded by activity implementer(s), e.g. government agency, school, or community-based group, as well as for collective efficacy impact of the activity, e.g. to leverage resources from outside the CSN or to facilitate civic engagement. Coded data were used to create CSN maps for the four time intervals, and SNA techniques examined the CSN characteristics. CSN density increased over time, as measured by the number of ties within the network. Schools, community-based groups and large organizations were identified as the primary implementers of the CHL intervention and formed a community implementer backbone. Social leveraging, i.e. linking local groups to people with authority over outside resources, was shown to be a central component in intervention success. It took time to develop strong CSN, and stronger (denser) CSN were more successful in building social cohesion and enacting community change. Findings illustrate a methodology that can be useful for tracking the development and impact of CSN.

Anonymous communication in social network is an effective way to protect users privacy. This study aims to conduct comparative analyses on different anonymous communication schemes in social network by grouping them into three groups' as Onion Router schemes, Ring Router schemes and the techniques that are not related to Onion and Ring schemes. The text extracts the main impact factors and mechanism in these current latest schemes to identify strengths and limitations of each schema. Then, a universal anonymous communication scheme model in social network will be proposed. This new model applies ring structure and onion encryption in the circuit, where the hidden server is part of the ring.

Searching for a community based on query nodes in a graph is a fundamental problem and has been extensively investigated. Most of the existing approaches focus on finding a community in a social network, and very few studies consider location-based social networks where users can check in locations. In this paper we propose the GeoSocial Community Search problem (GCS) which aims to find a social community and a cluster of spatial locations that are densely connected in a location-based social network simultaneously. The GCS can be useful for marketing and user/location recommendation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to find a social community and a cluster of spatial locations that are densely connected from location-based social networks. We prove that the problem is NP-hard, and is not in APX, unless P = NP. To solve this problem, we propose three algorithms: core-based basic algorithm, top-down greedy removing algorithm, and an expansion algorithm. Finally, we report extensive experimental studies that offer insights into the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed solutions.

Introduction states that the creation of the Internet leads to the unification of social networks’ communication norms and rules, as wellas to the development of an artificial language of communication. They facilitate the communication of different nations’ representatives in the globalization and multiculturalism context. The aim of the article is to identify the mutual influence of communication processes in social information networks and the multiculturalism phenomenon. The socio-cultural approach methodology was used to study the social information networks communication peculiarities within the context of cultural transformations. The linguistic means of communication of cultural content were investigated through the method of cultural-semantic analysis. Research results substantiate that the language of communication in various Internet spheres social networks differ both in form and in content. However, the information and communication technologies language uses common characteristics such as emoticons, which affect emotions and feelings. Different information networks keep the same meaning for those characteristics, which makes them understandable for all users alike. The problems of social networks communication in the conditions of multiculturalism are also revealed. They relate to the existence of not one, but several variants of English language (American, Indian, Australian, etc.). Discussion deals with the research results of the philosophers and scientists who to some extent touched upon the problems of social networks communication such asS. Huntington, M. Castells, D. Ivanov, V. Lyakh, L. Orokhovskaya, V. Onoprienko, S. Yagodzinskiy. The differences between the results obtained by the author of the article and the indicated researchers are shown. Conclusion indicates that the use of computer information technologies lead to the Internet communications specific language formation. It allows the Network users to understandeach other through the words, signs, symbols in multiculturalism environment. People learn to make common ideas and interests.