Структурно-семантичні особливості ідіом з колірними компонентами в англомовному діловому дискурсі

Aiming at assisting the color design of cultural creative product and outputting color schemes that correspond to multi-user image preference effectively, an interactive color design method driven by group consensus was proposed in this paper. Firstly, the triangular fuzzy number was used to quantitatively descript users' image preference and a consensus degree model of group users' image preference was constructed. By studying the process and basic principles of interactive genetic algorithms, the interactive evolution operation for cultural creative product color design was then implemented based on the group consistency of decision-making combined with the triangular fuzzy number, which can help generate cultural creative product color schemes that satisfy group consensus and satisfaction. Next, the color aesthetic measure model was used to rank and select the final product color design schemes. Finally, taking the color design of terracotta warriors' statue as an example, it is verified that the proposed method can effectively integrate the image preference of group users, and assist designers to better conduct cultural creative product color design with the consistent results of multi-user decisions.

In this article, we propose a method for supporting colour schemes for the exterior colour design of an urban scene in 3D and report on a user study for validating the proposed scheme. The realized simulator allows users to develop harmonized colouring schemes for an urban colour design in 3D with the selection of a dominant colour and subcolours automatically. The technical aspects include designing a colour scheming table based on a colour guideline, extracting the façade colour from an image collected from a real scene, and conducting colour scheming on a 3D scene. The proposed method enhances efficiency with respect to reducing processing cost as providing automatic colour scheme in 3D. In addition, the 3D simulator makes the proposed method interactive, which in turn increases the flexibility for manipulation of 3D simulated scenes by changing viewpoints by rotating, zooming, and navigating the simulator. The experimental results and a user study are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010.

The article analyses the latest changes in the lexical-semantic system of the Ukrainian language within clearly defined period – the year of 2020. It has been proved that the appearance of a new lexeme is associated with some intra- and extra-lingual factors. These lexical units are the carriers of information about what is happening in the society, and how the representatives of various social strata are involved in a particular event. It has been established that the most used words in the defined are connected with medicine; the dominant position occupies such nouns as covid, coronavirus. The article underlines that the spread of the COVID-19 in Ukraine influenced the formation of the phraseological system, e.g. folk poetic rhymes, which are usually variants of widely used paremic constructions. The motivational basis of lexical coinages has been analysed. This refers to the lexical units based on the surname of the current president; the dynamics of this process has been traced for the period 2004–2020. The author determined the mechanism of coining new lexemes based on the surnames of the prominent Ukrainian politicians close to President. The article clarifies the onomasiological basis of new lexical units of proprietary and non-proprietary origins of previously coined and newly coined or renamed political forces. An important way to expand the lexicon is to change the meaning of words. This is due to the fact that the lexical unit enters the innovative linguistic sphere determined by extra-lingual factors, when it acquires a new meaning or becomes a creative resource for other lexemes. The nouns vodomor (water starving) and Velur (the name of the restaurant notorious for breaking quarantine restrictions) have been carefully analysed, the constitutive possibilities of the latter, which relate to its lexical-semantic, syntagmatic nature, have been clarified. Exceptional attention is paid to the precedent expression “what is the difference” in the focus of its semantization (acquisition of ambiguity), grammaticalization (existence in the role of noun-adjective phrase or its functional equivalent – a complex occasional word), phraseological, semantic, syntax, axiology (attributive, object, subjective functions), word-forming possibilities (becoming on its basis a way of composing and suffixing nouns “kakaiaraznik” (What-is-the-differenter), “kakayaraznitstvo” (What-is-the-differentment)). The subject of the study was also the innovative structures that were formed on the model of lexical phrases with social meaning which are on the stage of forming.

Three color schemes (monochrome, dichrome, and polychrome) based on basic principles for color perceptionand cognition were optimized and applied to an electronic map in a horizontal-situation display. Principles forcolor discrimination, symbol coding, and color naming were applied for the super-imposed symbols (targets,waypoints etc) and for the map symbology (land, water, roads). The color codes were tested in a visual searchand detection experiment in a real-time simulation in an air-to-air mission with test pilots as subjects. Thesimulation task was as close as possible to a real-life situation. The pilots had to track a maneuvering targetwithin specified limits. Reaction times for target detection were recorded. After the simulation, the test pilotsgave a subjective estimation ofthe different color schemes. They also estimated them according to situationawareness using a rating technique on cognitive compatibility (CC-SART). All the results, both the objectiveand the subjective show that color schemes are advantageous in comparison to the monochrome code. Thereactions times were significantly lower for the chromatic color codes. The estimated situation awareness washigher for the chromatic schemes and the subjects gave higher preferences to the chromatic codes.Keywords: human factors, aviation, moving map cockpit displays, horizontal-situation displays, electronicmaps, color coding

Automatic mapping mechanism of color scheme from plane image to product 3D product model is researched. Color scheme is obtained from plane image by using color merging and main color extracting techniques,and based on this,product color scheme solution space is constructed. Under the premise of considering the factors such as color number,proportion,and random originality,the color scheme is mapped from the plane image to the surface of 3D product model,and the color schemes are demonstrated in visual way for the designer to choose. Interactive genetic algorithm is used to seek for the optimal scheme. From the scheme codes chosen by the designer,the program analyzes and calculates the implicit information about designer's imagery,and uses it to construct the fitness evaluation function so as to push forward the optimization of scheme. Verification of the design method is carried out in the design of exterior colors of product,in which the automatic extraction of color scheme,mapping and design optimization are realized.

This article explores the scientific study of color designations in creolized texts. Within this article, the author examines color designations within the context of a functional approach as a communication tool that enhances the expressiveness of a literary text, intensifying the substantive aspect of the utterance, and examines the relationship with linguistic forms and their purpose within the text. The use of color in a work of fiction helps create an emotional background, enhance artistic details, concretize the material world, complement the image, and express the emotions and feelings of the characters, thereby revealing the specificity of the linguistic worldview. The subject of this study is the color designations used in the names of Japanese manga characters. The aim of the study is to identify the linguacultural characteristics of Japanese manga character names containing the components "white," "red," and "blue." The results of the study will be of interest for further research in translation onomastics, comparative typology, and psycholinguistics. The primary research methods used were continuous sampling, textual, component, and contextual analysis. The research's novelty lies in its first examination of color designations in terms of identifying the linguacultural characteristics of Japanese manga character names. The study demonstrates that color designations in character names are part of the communicative component of the text and, moreover, serve as a connecting point between verbal and nonverbal components, enhancing the informative value of the creolized text. White, red, and blue are the most productive components in Japanese onomastics. Color and shade symbolism are introduced into the text to build an associative network, imparting additional characteristics to the character's appearance and character traits, and can form the basis of a plotline, helping to reveal the primary and secondary system of images and heroes in the work.

The research was conducted to explore the colour that can create a calm and peaceful environment in kindergarten classroom. Colour is the mood of a space as each colour has its own meaning. Hence, the colour used in every space need to suit with the activity done in the space. Kindergarten is among many other spaces that used colour a lot because children like colour and will be attracted by colour, especially bright colour. Kindergarten classroom is one of the spaces that preschool children stay in most of time, hence, the colour scheme required careful consideration to calm down children and let them concentrate on learning. From the previous research, it was found that researcher mainly focus on kindergarten design, kindergarten furniture design or on colour design in other interior spaces, such as restaurant, office, and hospital. Hence, the research gap for the will be the colour in the kindergarten classroom which can create a calm and peaceful environment. As there are different colour scheme for interior design, the most suitable colour scheme had identified for the kindergarten classroom to make the preschool children can calm down and pay attention in the classroom. The research concludes that the light green and light blue colour is the ideal colour for a calm and peaceful kindergarten classroom.

The article presents the results of research on the significance of the theological symbolism of the colour white in the context of Orthodox church architecture in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The analysis was carried out on the basis of manuscript sources, academic literature, private communications, online materials, and a photographic fieldwork of selected buildings. The study encompassed seven Orthodox churches and chapels located in Białystok, Hajnówka, Lewkowo Stare, Miękisze, Ryboły (Pietraszki sacred forest site), Stawiszcze and Wygoda. Both the dates of their construction and the changes in façade colour schemes over time were taken into account. The findings indicate that, while in secular architecture the colour white primarily fulfills an aesthetic function, in sacred architecture it refers to deeply rooted theological symbolism associated with God, Jesus Christ, and the concept of the church as the house of God. Particularly significant is its association with St Michael the Archangel, who is sometimes depicted in iconography wearing white robes. It was further observed that white occurs more frequently in the architectural elements of Orthodox churches with façades of other colours. The authors emphasise that, in the design of new Orthodox churches, tradition and colour symbolism should be taken into consideration, as they are of significance not only for the theological aspect but also for the architectural one.

The colors, their combination have always been important in the culture of any ethnic group. Their symbolic meaning played a tremendous role in everyday culture, in various religious and professional (agricultural and handicraft) ceremonies and rituals of the life and calendar cycles. But they acquired the most important value in wedding rituals. In this article the color semantics and symbols in the wedding rituals of Koreans in Uzbekistan are considered on considerable ground for the first time. The author examines the origins of veneration of distinct flowers, their functional significance in costume and bride’s jewelry and at various stages of the wedding rite.Index Terms: tradition, myth, semantics, symbolism, wedding ceremony, category, fire, hearth, porridge-pub, color triad, integration

Aim. To reveal the culture-specific peculiarities of foreign-language inclusions (Hispanisms) functioning within the framework of an English-language fiction text.Methodology. The article deals with the stylistic functions and translation methods of Spanish-language lexical units in Rudolfo Anaya's novel "Bless Me, Ultima" as carriers of implicit language and cultural information. The descriptive method, the method of contextual analysis of lexical units meaning, as well as the method of comparative analysis of the Hispanisms use in the English text and their translation into Russian were applied in the research.Results. In the course of the work the potential of foreign language inclusions to reflect intercultural relations in the language system was revealed, which allows the author to convey implicit information in the literary text.Research implications. The results of the study contribute to the theory of text, translation studies and comparative cultural linguistics.

Salado-polychrome ceramics, marked by distinctive black on white with red designs (Figure 1), coincided with the development of platform-mound communities and were the result of an amalgamation of technological traditions that occurred during a time of population movements and cultural changes in the prehistoric American Southwest. Saladopolychrome ceramics were the most abundant decorated ware of the Classic period (A.D. 1275–1450) and have been recovered from sites in central Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northern Chihuahua, including the site of Casas Grandes. Several archaeologists have interpreted Salado-polychrome designs as symbols of a regional cult (Adams, Crown, Rice) that eased the integration of diverse populations in times of migration and social stress. The color scheme and designs of Salado polychrome are distinctive compared to other contemporary and earlier ceramics, making definition of its development difficult.

Choropleth maps are fundamental tools for geographic data analysis, primarily relying on color to convey information. Consequently, the design of their color schemes is important in choropleth map production. However, the traditional coloring methods offered by GIS tools such as ArcGIS and QGIS are not user-friendly enough for nonprofessionals. These tools provide numerous color schemes, making selection difficult, and cannot also easily fulfill personalized coloring needs, such as requests for “summer-like” map colors. To address these shortcomings, we develop a novel system that leverages a large language model and map color design principles to generate contextually relevant and user-aligned choropleth map color schemes. The system follows a three-stage process: Data processing, which provides an overview and classification of the data; Color Concept Design, where color theme and mode are conceptualized based on data characteristics and user intentions; and Color Scheme Design, where specific colors are assigned to classes. Our system incorporates an interactive interface for choropleth map color design and allows users to customize color choices flexibly. Through user studies and evaluations, the system demonstrates acceptable usability, accuracy, and flexibility, with users highlighting its efficiency and ease of use.

This portfolio documents two related pratice-led, colour research projects at the Royal Edinburgh Mental Health Hospital. This practice-led colour research employed architectural design knowledge and emerging on-site evidence to devise colour schemes and to make site-specific wall paintings within shared areas and circulation spaces. Project 1 took place in ‘Pentland’ dementia ward from February 2017 – February 2018, and Project 2 involved the main corridor and Andrew Duncan Clinic reception area from April – November 2019. Although guidance is available for care homes and hospitals, it appears to be applied often without professional design input that can take into account light conditions, views in and out, and the social and cultural setting. Observations included monitoring the sun path, light quality, and room usage. Hand sketches were effective in communicating the conceptual ideas with large test panels of candidate paint colours. Newsletters at regular intervals kept staff, visitors and carers informed of the project and invited questions. Two themes emerged, namely ‘destinations’ and ‘directions’. Carers emphasised a need for spaces that are more homely and sophisticated, and small places within the circulation areas where patients can sit with their relatives. Feedback from the users indicated that a strong red and patterned wall panel seemed to act as a beacon and be sufficiently memorable to direct the patients at the most confusing intersections. Incidents (conflicts and arguments) were substantially reduced since the installation. Patients would sit with relatives in the circulation areas, as well as within private rooms. Staff reported that the dispersal of the patients around the ward may have diffused tensions, and therefore reduced the number of incidents between patients and staff. The work has been disseminated through peer-reviewed written output while the colour design is experienced on a daily basis by the hospital community. The projects have been disseminated through academic outputs that challenge the prevailing ‘tick box’ approach to the use of colour in health care environments.

Research objective: The authors set a goal to analyze the color symbolics in the folk costume of indigenous ethnic groups of North (Nenets, Khanty and Mansi) of the Tyumen region on the example of authentic sources, museum pieces and compare it with the main functions of the Luscher personality color analysis, to reveal the “collective subconscious”, nature of ethnic groups, their mentality. Sources: The basis of the article was the works of many researchers in various fields of science and culture (I. Newton, I.V. von Goethe, M. Lomonosov, N. Volkov, V. Kandinsky, I. Itten, M.O. Surina, R.G. Gadiyeva, O.Yu. Evseeva, O.A. Bakiyeva and others). In the course of the color analysis of the traditional folk costume and the identification of the color mentality of the ethnic group, color diagnostics according to M. Luscher was used. Content: The research of color was associated with the cultural activities of the peoples of the North of the Khanty (Ostyaks), Nenets (Samoyeds) and Mansi (Voguls). The color system was examined in traditional folk costume, it was developed over many centuries and carried information about the views of the people about the world around, their psychological characteristics (national character) and mentality. The novelty of the research is the relation of color preference, which the masters used in the manufacture of traditional clothing, and psyche features of these ethnic groups. Considering the color concept of Max Luscher and its relation with the psychological characteristics of a person and ethnic group, we developed criteria of color analysis of products of cooperative creative thought of ethnic groups (traditional costume): dominant (fundamental colors), subdominant (color in ornamental symbols), tonic (color emphasis in details), which would correspond to the main functions of color diagnostics in order to determine the color mentality of each nation individually. The article analyzes the color symbolism in the costume of the northern, eastern and southern Khanty, Nenets, Mansi on museum pieces in Tyumen, Tobolsk, Khanty-Mansiysk. The analysis obtained was compared with Luscher's color diagnostics and the results were verified according to the characteristics of textbooks on ethnopsychology. All this proves the certain intention in choice of the color scheme in a traditional costume, as well as provide the opportunity to highlight the features of the art of folk costume in different northern ethnic groups. Conclusions: In general, the color designation in the ornament of the indigenous small peoples of the Tyumen North (Khanty, Mansi and Nenets) disclose information about the way of life, folk traditions, rituals, the world outlook of the people who nomadized, was engaged in reindeer herding, hunting, fishing, and also the nature of the ethnic group, color mentality. The distinctive character traits of the small indigenous people can be identified by analyzing the color codes in the clothes: red-activity, blue - restraint, green - modesty, love of nature, for his family, etc. In general, the color mentality reveals cultural traditions with elements of the Ob-Ugric archaic, which is in harmony with nature, in balance.

In this paper, we present a web tool called Webpage Color Schemer (WCS), which enables people to easily redefine an existing webpage’s color scheme. WCS can adapt the webpage’s color scheme towards a new visual effect expressed nonverbally with an interactive mood board, which is actually a collage of sample images or design examples reflecting designer’s preference.WCS is simple and fun to use. It has two major functionalities: an interactive mood board with a color quantization algorithm for extracting color themes; A genetic algorithm for generating best assignment of the theme colors from the mood board to the web page, with respect to necessary design objectives. The objectives are formulated as fitness functions for the evolutionary optimization. Our initial experiments show that three fitness functions are essential for the color scheme optimization: histogram evaluator, contrast evaluator and harmony evaluator, to make sure the scheme has a preferable color tone, legible contrast ratio and harmonious color matching, respectively. The evaluators are generally devised in the light of some well-established color design theories. Some efforts of this research, however, has moved towards using computational model to uncover design knowledge depositing in large set of design cases. WCS uses a kind of RBF network predicting proper contrast ratio of certain class of page elements, regarding its measurable features and context. The performance of the model is encouraging.KeywordsWebsite colorAdaptive webpage schemeCSS