Особливості соціально-психологічної адаптації військовослужбовців, які брали участь в бойових діях

The article is devoted to the problem of psychological support of military personnel of special units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which is relevant in the context of the new Regulation on the Psychological Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2021. The content of the main tasks and functions of the psychological service of the Armed Forces is presented. Special attention is paid to the description of psychological support and the specifics of its implementation in the system of personnel work and combat service in the Armed Forces. On the example of psychological support of military personnel of special units, the activities that are aimed at social and psychological adaptation of military personnel; didactic adaptation of military personnel; the possibility of professional self-determination; the opportunity to develop professional skills; correction and improvement of the work of the command staff are identified. The conditions for the implementation of psychological support for military personnel of special units are described.
 As a result of the study, it is established that during the last decade, the problem of theoretical and methodological justification of psychological support continues to be relevant. At the present stage, "psychological support" is considered as a multi-faceted phenomenon, widely used in various aspects of life. The formation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus is also aimed at improving the legal culture while improving the regulatory legal framework for the departmental psychological practice of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The relevance of this study lies in the fact that at present the problem of rehabilitation of military personnel participating in the war of the Russian Federation with Ukraine continues to remain unresolved. The relevance of this issue is due to the fact that the majority of military personnel, against the background of injuries, wounds and concomitant somatic diseases, have post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Social adaptation of military personnel in wartime is a significant factor in ensuring the state's defense capability and social stability. The challenges facing military personnel during service and upon return to civilian life concern a significant list of issues - from psychological trauma to integration into a peaceful society. The above problems are relevant primarily in the context of current armed conflicts, which are accompanied by a high level of stress, losses, physical and emotional trials. The purpose of this work is to study the foreign experience of socio-psychological adaptation of military personnel. In the process of writing this article, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis, generalization, system method, logical, dialectical, generalization method. Consideration of foreign experience of socio-psychological adaptation of military personnel demonstrates that rehabilitation programs are mainly focused on solving mental health problems. Only a few specialists emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to such patients, taking into account all impaired functions caused by a multifaceted set of influences. Since post-traumatic stress disorder and various effects of military events develop according to the principle of interdependence and mutual burden. The relevance of medical and psychological rehabilitation of military personnel in sanatorium-resort conditions is emphasized, using natural therapeutic potential, a comprehensive, as well as an individual approach that includes medical, psychological and physical elements of rehabilitation. The study of international experience makes it possible to identify the main vectors to build an effective national rehabilitation system. Taking into account all factors, it is appropriate for Ukraine to adapt world practice to the domestic context, focusing special attention on modern challenges and needs of military personnel. The development of a comprehensive rehabilitation system will be a significant step towards guaranteeing a dignified life for veterans, as well as their contribution to the development of society.

Актуальність. За останні десятиліття військові конфлікти породили збільшення кількості військових з ампутаціями, що підкреслює важливість використання робототехніки в їхній фізичній реабілітації для покращення якості життя та соціальної інтеграції. Використання робототехніки у фізичній реабілітації військових з ампутаціями має велике значення у зв’язку зі зростанням кількості військових, які отримали ампутації внаслідок конфліктів та бойових дій. Ця тема актуальна, оскільки вона спрямована на поліпшення якості життя та повернення до нормального фізичного функціонування військовослужбовців, які отримали такі важкі травми. Мета роботи полягає в дослідженні ефективності та переваг використання робототехніки в процесі фізичної реабілітації військових з ампутаціями, зокрема в оцінці впливу таких технологій на покращення мобільності, якості життя та соціальної адаптації пацієнтів. Матеріали та методи. Здійснювався систематичний пошук наукових джерел, які містять аналіз і синтез теоретичних підходів до використання робототехніки у фізичній реабілітації військових з ампутаціями. Для цього були використані різноманітні наукові джерела, що дозволило узагальнити та оцінити сучасні методи та підходи у цій галузі, спрямовані на поліпшення якості реабілітації та соціальної адаптації військових з ампутаціями. Результати дослідження. Стаття присвячена дослідженню використання робототехніки у фізичній реабілітації військових з ампутаціями. Зокрема, розглянуто актуальність цієї теми у зв’язку зі зростанням кількості військовослужбовців, які стають жертвами ампутацій унаслідок збройних конфліктів та бойових дій. Проаналізовано переваги використання робототехніки у процесі реабілітації та її вплив на покращення мобільності, якості життя та соціальної інтеграції військових. Висвітлено інноваційні методи та програмне забезпечення, що сприяють оптимізації реабілітаційного процесу. Результати дослідження підкреслюють важливість використання робототехніки як ключового елементу у покращенні якості життя та соціальної адаптації військових з ампутаціями. Встановлено, що використання робототехніки у фізичній реабілітації військових з ампутаціями сприяє покращенню мобільності та функціональних можливостей пацієнтів. Зокрема, застосування робототехніки дозволяє збільшити ефективність терапевтичних процедур, зменшити тривалість реабілітаційного процесу та підвищити загальний рівень самостійності та якості життя військових з ампутаціями. Висновки. Сьогодні використання робототехніки у фізичній реабілітації військових з ампутаціями має велике значення для покращення їхнього життя та соціальної інтеграції, а також є важливим напрямком досліджень і розвитку медичної науки.

This article analyzes the psychological influence of conformity on students’ social adaptation through psychological research methods. The study revealed a correlation between the level of students’ conformal behavior and the characteristics of their social adaptation. The theoretical significance of the work lies in identifying the role of conformity as a factor that ensures the student’s personal and psychological adaptation. A set of psychodiagnostic methods aimed at determining the peculiarities of students’ conformal behavior and social adaptation was used in the research: “Academic Motivation Scales” by T.O. Gordeeva, O.A. Sychev, and E.N. Osin; “Method for Determining the Social-Adaptation Abilities of Personality” by A.K. Osnitsky; and the standardized method “Psychological Problems.” The empirical study was conducted among 75 students aged 18–19 from Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and Kainar University. The research results showed that there is a correlation between the level of students’ social adaptation and indicators of conformity: a moderate level of conformity facilitates adaptation and strengthens interaction within the social group, whereas a high level of conformity reduces personal autonomy and internal motivation, student.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the experience of social and psychological adaptation of combatants. The problems of social adaptation of servicemen in the works of modern domestic and foreign scientists, the results of sociological research are analyzed. The essence and features of social and psychological adaptation and rehabilitation of combatants are considered, the main tasks are defined. The substantiation of the conceptual and categorical apparatus in this sphere of activity is carried out. The existing normative and legal base on social and psychological adaptation of servicemen is analyzed. The directions and mechanisms of social adaptation and psychological rehabilitation of servicemen are revealed. A model of social and psychological adaptation of combatants is proposed. Emphasis is placed on the need to strengthen the scientific development of the problem of socio-psychological adaptation of combatants to civilian life, expanding and improving the categorical base of science in this area. The main directions and ways of improvement at the state and regional levels are identified. The directions of further research on this issue are outlined. Socio-psychological adaptation of servicemen who took part in military conflicts and the search for effective ways to implement it should occupy an important place in the social policy of the state. An analysis of the experience of social adaptation of discharged servicemen shows that this problem should be an important component of the socio-economic policy of the Ukrainian government, for the solution of which significant funds are provided in NATO and the European Union. Legislation has been established in these countries and mechanisms are in place to guarantee veterans training, employment and appropriate social guarantees.

This study aims to identify the Internet addiction level among high school students at Irbid public schools and its relationship with their psychosocial adaptation problems. Study population consists of high school students at the public schools of Irbid city for the 2018/ 2019 school year where a random categorical sample of (337) male and female students was selected. Researcher used two study instruments to collect data: the first relates to Internet addiction and the second relates to the psychological and social problems. Study results found that Internet addiction level among study sample members was high and it showed that most important goals of Internet browsing or surfing among study sample were the electronic games and entertainment, such as movies, sport games, and YouTube, in addition to chatting and social communication. The study indicated that most important negative results related to the Internet use were feeling nervous frequently and the unwillingness to sit down with people and it revealed that problems level of psychological and social adaptation was high. Study found statistically significant differences at level (α= 0.05) for Internet addiction due to (gender, browsing hours rate per session, first term average) variables while there weren't any statistically significant differences at level (α= 0.05) that may be attributed to the (study branch, grade) variables. Study also found a statistically positive significant relationship between the Internet addiction level among high school students at Irbid public schools and their psychosocial adaptation problems. Keywords : Internet addiction, Irbid public schools, psychological adaptation, psychosocial adaptation, social adaptation DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-30-05 Publication date :October 31 st 2019

A psychological study was conducted to identify the problems of socio-psychological adaptation and professional maladaptation in the professional activities of agribusiness employees in long-term crisis conditions. The purpose of the study was to examine the level of success of social and psychological adaptation and the level of professional misadaptation of farm workers. Research material: in the period 2023-2024, a comprehensive survey of 190 farm workers was conducted with the consent of the agribusinesses, and after the initial data processing, 165 people were included in the study. The researchers made up two comparison groups: a group of managers, which included 45 people (GM, N=45) and a group of specialists, which included 120 people (GS, N=120). The research methods used were: ‘Diagnostic questionnaire of social and psychological adaptation’ (K. Rogers), ‘Level of professional misadaptation’. The analysis, processing and calculation of percentage characteristics and correlation coefficients were made by the SPSS 10.0.5 for Windows software. According to the results of the study, the following features of the pathological mechanism of formation of professional maladaptive states are highlighted: in the process of response, the use of experience of inadequate emotional reactions; use of stereotypical reactions with pathological personal behaviour, without the influence of other factors; replacement of communicative forms of response with destructive ones, which in the future levels out the adequate form of personality response to external and internal stimuli; independent emotional recovery is impossible, which requires psychological support in the long term. The practical significance of the study is of a recommendatory nature for the work of psychologists with individuals and staff of organisations. These issues are an aspect of the mental health of the individual, which serves as an auxiliary component in the development and implementation of measures in various organisational systems aimed at preventing and correcting professional maladjustment, as well as in the training and retraining of personnel. The practical significance of the study is of a recommendatory nature for the work of psychologists with the personality and staff of organisations. Prospects for further research in this area are in the scientific search for the specifics of coping strategies, to resist change and the level of emotional burnout of farm workers in long-term crisis conditions.

Self-management of type D and non-type D personality in elderly patients with chronic heart failure: A longitudinal survey.

This qualitative study aims to find common themes that may suggest portrayals of former service members’ psychological development and their reintegration. We have found their cognitive dissonance from experiencing two very different cultures: the highly structured collective culture of military life and the individualistic culture of civilian life. Former service members tend to develop and maintain the strong ideology of “service to others” in civilian life as their goal or purpose of life. It became clear to us how they have reached to this ideology when we used our ethnic backgrounds and understandings as Japanese researchers who came from a society where collective well-being is highly valued. We came to the conclusion that the macroscopic as well as spiritual views would be beneficial to incorporate when counselors, support organizations, or health care providers are assisting former service members’ transition into civilian life.

Psychological resources of the individual are an important factor of keeping health. Having such psychological features as awareness of their ability to control the life circumstances, a positive perception of themselves and belief in their own strength, self-esteem, optimistic view in the future, have a direct positive impact on the physical and psychological state of a person, promote healthy lifestyles, equip with the ability to cope struggles and reduce stress influence to health. The availability of such psychological resources and their reserve is especially important for people suffering from socially significant chronic diseases accompanied by physical and functional limitations, violations of psychological and social adaptation. However, according to numerous studies, in socially disadvantaged groups of the population – poorly educated, employed in the least prestigious and low-paid jobs with low incomes, together with high risks of morbidity and premature mortality from chronic diseases, there are low rates of psychological resistance due to a shortage of psychological resources. The study of the relationship between social status and individual psychological resources, which affect the health of different social strata’s representatives, allowed us to identify two main approaches. Within the framework of one approach, psychological features are considered to be a product of the structural conditions that determine the inequalities of their distribution in society. The deficit of psychological resources that experienced by representatives of socially vulnerable groups is consider to be contributing the negative impact of low socio-economic status on health and acts as one of the mediating mechanism for the transformation of socio-economic differences into inequalities in health. Another approach emphasizes the role of the person in changing the life circumstances, including those of them that are caused by the adverse effects of low socio-economic status. In this case, attention is focused not so much on the differences in the psychological reserves of individuals who occupy different positions in the socio-economic stratification, as on their variability within one social level. Empirical studies confirm that especially among the socially disadvantaged groups, individuals characterized by greater reserve of positive psychological properties, demonstrate significantly better health compared to those fellow citizens who are deprived of this reserve. In the literature, this phenomenon designates as a" buffer" effect, contributing to the reduction of negative health consequences of low status, and, consequently, to the reduction of socio-structural inequalities in health. In developed European countries, where government guarantees allow lower social strata to maintain self-esteem, confidence in the future and optimism, psychological resources lose their role as a mediator between socio-economic status and health and can lead to a buffer reduction of structural inequalities. In the less developed countries of Europe and in Russia, where public health and education programs do not allow people from the lower strata to maintain psychological stability, structural differences in the risks of chronic diseases and premature mortality persist.

The aim of the study. Identify the features of the structure of professional «I-concepti» of military personnel in accordance with the type of their professional identity (TPI).Research methods. Conversation method, testing.Sample description. The study involved 100 military personnel with different TPI.Conclusions. Summarizing, we can state both similar trends and differences in the characteristics of the structural elements of the professional «I-concept», the nature of the relationship between these components.Cognitive component (professional orientation). Among all possible career orientations, military personnel emphasize that work and place of residence must be stable and important for them, a sense of personal safety, both in professional activity and in personal space.Behavioral component (self-efficacy). The components of the cognitive and behavioral components of the professional self-concept are in feedback. But it should be borne in mind that according to the TPI of military personnel are different professional orientations.There is no correlation between the metrics of all three components of the professional self-concept. There is only a link between the components of its cognitive and emotional components.TPI identifies certain differences in all structural elements of the professional self-concept.Cognitive component (professional orientations). There are no «diffuse» and «pseudo-identity» military personnel from the TPI who are seeking a career. Autonomy at work and in its actions dominates among the military personnel with a «pseudo-identity» TPI compared to their counterparts with a premature TPI. The desire to be a leader is a motivating factor for military personnel with a TPI «moratorium» compared to their counterparts with a TPI «pseudo-identity». For military personnel with diffuse TPI, the most important is the desire for stability and safety at work, than for military personnel with TPI «pseudo-identity».Behavioral component (self-efficacy). Only military personnel with a TPI «moratorium» have an adequate assessment of their self-efficacy. All other TPIs have a clear tendency to diminish their capacity for self-efficacy. There is a feedback of professional orientation (cognitive component) and self-efficacy (behavioral component of professional self-concept). However, it should be borne in mind that according to the TPI of military personnel are different professional orientations.Emotional component (self-esteem). Adequacy of understanding and emotional perception of the value of one’s personality is more often manifested in military personnel with premature and diffuse TPI than their counterparts with TPI «pseudo-identity». Military personnel with diffuse TPI are more aware of and emotionally perceived the value of their personality than their counterparts with the TPI «moratorium».The presence of the relationship between the components of the cognitive and emotional component of the professional "I-concept", depending on the military personnel’s TPI is determined both by the different nature and heterogeneity of these components.

The article is devoted to the study of legal regulation concerning the social protection of service members in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Ukraine. A comprehensive comparative analysis of key aspects of service members’ support has been conducted, focusing on financial provision, pension schemes, healthcare, rehabilitation, psychological assistance, and social benefits. Particular attention is paid to the British model of social protection, which demonstrates a systematic approach to supporting service members. Legislative mechanisms, such as the Armed Forces Covenant, ensure equal rights to social benefits for service members. The study also examines unique medical and pension programs that consider the specifics of military service, as well as compensation payments for injuries or loss of work capacity. A significant role in this system is played by mental health support, which includes uninterrupted access to counseling, rehabilitation programs, and assistance for service members’ families. The analysis of Ukraine’s system of social protection revealed notable achievements, such as the introduction of additional payments and support for service members during the state of war. At the same time, several issues were identified, including underdeveloped psychological assistance, delays in rehabilitation, and challenges in accessing many benefits due to bureaucratic obstacles. Special attention is given to the need for reforming healthcare mechanisms, which do not always meet the needs of service members. Based on the analysis, a range of measures has been proposed to improve Ukraine’s system of social protection. Key recommendations include introducing a «Service Member’s Social Card» to simplify access to benefits and services, creating a national psychological support system, improving access to quality medical care, and developing programs for the reintegration of service members into civilian life. The results of the study may serve as a basis for developing a modern model of social protection for service members in Ukraine, considering international experience and national specifics. The proposed changes aim to enhance social justice, elevate the prestige of military service, and ensure decent conditions for service members and their families.

Dynamic changes in the security environment put military personnel, discharged from service for one reason or another and their families to serious tests. Transiting from military to civilian social medium significantly changes their conditions of life, affecting various aspects of their lives, in the basis of which lie mentality and personality changes of every person, leaving their usual social medium and entering an unfamiliar one. Since research in this field is not so popular, authors of this paper are provoked to explore the factors affecting the mental state of modern Bulgarian servicemen transiting to reserves and their professional adaptation corresponding to the new living conditions and to identify the problem areas of their social and psychological adaptation.

Cross-cultural psychology, as a discipline that studies human psychological characteristics and behavioral differences under different cultural backgrounds, has attracted wide attention in recent years. This paper aims to explore the influence of cross-cultural psychological action mechanism and analyze its role in individual psychological development, social adaptation, cultural communication and mental health, etc. Through literature review and theoretical analysis, this paper reveals the complexity and multi-dimension of cross-cultural psychological action mechanism, and emphasizes its importance in the era of globalization. The results show that cross-cultural psychological mechanisms not only affect individual cognition, emotion and behavior, but also have a profound impact on social harmony, cultural integration and global mental health.

Background: non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescent girls remains a pressing mental health concern due to its high prevalence (10–30%) and increased risk of suicide attempts. The associations between NSSI and socio-psychological characteristics as well as clinical-psychological profiles remain insufficiently explored. The Aim of study was to describe the frequency and motives of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescent girls and to examine its associations with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, anxiety, depression, social adaptation, and perceived social support. Patients and Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 186 adolescent girls aged 12–17 years who were hospitalized in a neuropsychiatric hospital (Krasnodar region) in 2022–2024. The assessment tools included the Self-Harming Behavior Reasons Scale (developed by N.A. Polskaya, 2014), the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) by M. Kovacs, the Multidimensional Assessment of Child Anxiety (MACA), and the Social Psychological Adaptation Questionnaire by C. Rogers and R. Diamond. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism and Python. Results: significant differences in the frequency and motives of self-harming behavior were found between diagnostic subgroups. According to the Self-Harming Behavior Reasons Scale (Part 1), significant differences ( p < 0.05) were observed in cutting, hair-pulling, lip-biting, and cheek-biting—most pronounced in patients with affective disorders (F30–F39). Part 2 of the scale revealed intergroup differences in motives such as “to calm down,” “to feel relief,” “to avoid emotional pain,” and “feeling completely destroyed” ( p < 0.01). Correlations with anxiety, depression, suicide risk, and social adaptation were statistically significant but generally weak ( r = 0.14–0.32). Conclusions: the results emphasize the need for personalized prevention programs focusing on emotional regulation and social support, particularly for girls with affective and anxiety disorders.