Аналіз іноземного досвіду ризик-менеджменту при страхуванні у сільськогосподарському виробництві

Low insurance participation rate and low willingness to insure among farmers have always been major problems in the sustainable development of agricultural insurance in China. This paper attempts to examine the peer effect on farmers’ agricultural insurance buying decisions and explore its mechanism. We have established an IVprobit model, using the survey data of 9452 farmers in the karst regions in China. The empirical results show that: (1) Peer effect has a significant influence on farmers’ participation in agricultural insurance. A 10% increase in farmers’ neighbors’ participation in agricultural insurance increases the likelihood of farmers’ participation by 3.25%. (2) Peer effect promotes farmers’ participation by enhancing farmers’ risk perception and insurance cognition. (3) Peer effect is asymmetrical: male and larger-scale farmers have more significant effects on their peers and probably lead the participation in agricultural insurance. The results of the study have the following policy implications: (1) Increasing policy publicity and enforcing policy advocacy would magnify the positive impact of peer effect. (2) Increasing the participation rate of male and larger-scale farmers by policy interventions, which would give full play and a positive demonstration effect of specific groups. (3) Innovating insurance publicity methods to enhance farmers’ risk awareness and insurance cognition. (4) More concentration should be focused on the primary-level governance in rural China. We should advance the stock of rural social capital on all fronts to leverage the role of peer effect within rural areas.

Agricultural Insurance Products in Nepal: Practice and Prospects

Based on the provincial panel data from 2008 to 2019, this paper constructs a mediating effect model to analyze the impact of China’s agricultural insurance development on the nutritional status of rural residents theoretically and empirically. This study found that agricultural insurance significantly affects the nutritional status of rural residents through two mediators: increased income level and the regional crop diversity. Meanwhile, regional heterogeneity exists in the impact of agricultural insurance on the nutritional status of rural residents. Overall, this paper argues that agricultural insurance should be one of the tools to improve the nutritional status of rural residents in China. Specifically, the design and implementation process of policy-based agricultural insurance should put the nutritional health of rural residents and their complex impact into consideration. Therefore, this paper suggests that even though agricultural insurance can facilitate rural residents’ income stability and generation, relevant stakeholders also need to draw awareness, popularize the importance of nutrition and health, and optimize the supply structure of agricultural products.

The efficient functioning of agriculture plays an important role in ensuring food security in many countries of the world. Depending on how insurance protection of agricultural producers is carried out, the competitiveness of their financial stability and competitiveness largely depends. Agricultural insurance is one of the most effective ways to combat agricultural risks and at the same time is one of the most difficult for insurance companies. Insurance events related to natural and climatic phenomena can cause significant losses to insurance companies. The use of reinsurance makes it possible to redistribute insurance liability between a large number of insurance companies, which in turn contributes to increasing their financial stability. The active introduction of digital technologies in agriculture allows not only to increase the efficiency of agricultural production, but also helps to reduce the risk of agricultural business. In turn, reducing the riskiness of agricultural business as a result of market competition among insurance companies will reduce the cost of the insurance policy. The state should pay more attention to supporting the use of digital technologies in agricultural production. Traditional subsidizing does not fully encourage agricultural producers to introduce digital technologies at their enterprises. Insurance plays a significant role in stabilizing agricultural production. To a certain extent , it creates conditions for protecting farmers from the onset of adverse weather events . The use of digital technologies in agricultural business contributes to increasing the efficiency of agricultural production and creates prerequisites for reducing the costs of agricultural enterprises for insurance protection.

As a favorite means to promote the development of green agriculture, agricultural insurance can not only encourage farmers to adopt green production technology and improve production efficiency, but also achieve the purpose of reducing the input of chemicals to protect the environment. This article aims to study the dynamic relationship between agricultural insurance, air pollution, and agricultural green total factor productivity using the panel vector auto-regressive method (PVAR) and panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2018. The empirical results show that there is a significant cross-sectional dependence and the co-integration relationship between agricultural insurance, air pollution, and agricultural green total factor productivity. The increase in agricultural insurance can improve agricultural green total factor productivity and aggravate air pollution to a certain extent. However, serious air pollution does not improve agricultural green total factor productivity. Panel Granger causality test results show that agricultural insurance has a one-way causal relationship with green total factor productivity and air pollution, and so does air pollution with agricultural green total factor productivity. In addition, impulse response results show that increasing agricultural insurance or reducing air pollution can improve agricultural green total factor productivity. These conclusions have long-term practical implications for both agricultural policymakers and environmental managers.

Extreme Weather, agricultural insurance and farmer's climate adaptation technologies adoption in China

Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2020, this paper analyzes the impact and mechanism of the level of agricultural insurance (AI) coverage on the urban-rural consumption gap (URCG). The study finds: (1) Long-term development of AI can promote the narrowing of URCG. (2) Regional heterogeneity tests reveal that the impact of AI on URCG is particularly significant in eastern regions but weak in central and western regions. (3) From the perspective of intermediary effects, accelerating urbanization (UR) is an important mechanism for AI to narrow URCG and enhance economic quality and efficiency. (4) Based on the threshold effect of fiscal support for agriculture on the level of AI and URCG, it is found that when fiscal support for agriculture is moderate, the development of AI is conducive to narrowing URCG. However, during periods of excessive fiscal support for agriculture, the role of AI in narrowing URCG is not significant. If fiscal support for agriculture continues to increase, the development of AI may even widen the consumption gap between urban and rural areas.

China is a big agricultural country, the rural development problem has always been paid attention to. Agricultural insurance can help farmers scattered possible risks in agricultural production, the role of rural economic development is self-evident. But the development of agricultural insurance is facing many difficulties at present, which need to combine era development constantly improve, to make it in a more flexible security form and more comprehensive coverage to play the maximum benefit of the insurance function, powering rural revitalization. This paper clarifies the importance of agricultural insurance to agriculture, analyzes the problems existing in the current development of agricultural insurance, and explores the path of agricultural insurance development from the aspects of improving the service level, improving the operation mechanism, and standardizing the market, so as to provide support for the development of rural economy.

Contemporarily, with technological progress and accelerated digitization, some traditional agricultural insurance has also started digital conversion, such as Ping An's digital map of agricultural insurance using DRS Hawk-Eye technology and data platforms. However, considering the level of awareness and production methods of rural agricultural farmers in China, this new form of agricultural insurance combined with big data suffers from a low level of trust as well as insufficient on-the-ground coverage. This report analyzes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of digital agricultural insurance in Ping An's case using SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that the digital agricultural insurance map promotes the development of agricultural insurance in terms of risk reduction and fast claims settlement, but the acceptance of this type of digital agricultural insurance still needs to be improved. This study seeks to provide a number of strategic recommendations to promote the high-quality development of digitized agricultural insurance and expects to provide a marginal contribution to the deep integration of digital technology and the insurance industry.

Agricultural insurance is a sophisticated device for elimination of some risks in the agricultural production. In spite of its important role, its level is still unsatisfactory. The analyses carried out so far, demonstrated an astonishing drop in the volume of insurance premiums prescribed for the agricultural insurance commodity during 1991–1995. The second half of the Nineties brought a stagnation in its levels and the situation has not been changed so far. Since 2000 the State keeps supporting directly or indirectly the agricultural insurance by means of subsidies. Currently the support materiali­zes through the PGRLF. In spite of this, the current levels of insuredness in such a specific and strategic area as the agriculture represents are low, and the agricultural insurance is not a convincing factor of risk management in the agricultural production, still. A model has been designed for the solution of agricultural insurance in CR, based on the analysis carried out, on professional consultations and international experience. The model assumes setting up a Fund for uninsurable risks, into the coffers of which the producers, their unions, commercial insurers as well as the State would contribute. The model would be able to manage calamity situations commercially uninsurable.

Сельскохозяйственное производство связано с развитием сферы агрострахования. По оценкам экспертов, объем мирового рынка страхования рисков сельхозпроизводителей превышает 30 млрд долл. США. Однако в России темпы роста сферы агрострахования сельхозпроизводителей существенно отстают от темпов роста сельскохозяйственного производства. Оценка экономического потенциала позволяет выявить узкие места в развитии отдельных компонент экономического потенциала, способствует сокращению уровня нереализованного экономического потенциала сферы агрострахования. Несмотря на многообразие научно-практических работ, посвященных исследованию структуры экономического потенциала, разработке методик, инструментария, информационного обеспечения анализа и отдельных ресурсов, вовлеченных в производственный процесс, вопросы интегральной оценки потенциала сферы агрострахования являются недостаточно разработанными, отсутствует общепризнанная методика такой оценки. В статье предлагается авторский подход к количественной оценке уровня развития экономического потенциала сферы агрострахования сельхозпроизводителей. В процессе оценки выделяются показатели, характеризующие количество ресурсов каждой компоненты экономического потенциала, их качество и эффективность использования. Приводится алгоритм расчета интегральных индексов оценки уровня развития производственного, финансово-инвестиционного и организационно-управленческого потенциала сферы агрострахования сельхозпроизводителей. Для количественного определения коэффициентов значимости показателей, характеризующих ресурсы, автор использует метод анализа иерархий, разработанный американским ученым Томасом Саати. Иерархия, построенная для решения задачи количественного определения весовых коэффициентов показателей, характеризующих каждую компоненту экономического потенциала, состоит из трех уровней. В вершине главная цель — оценка компоненты экономического потенциала сферы агрострахования сельхозпроизводителей, на втором уровне — основные виды деятельности в сфере агрострахования, а на третьем уровне — выделенные показатели, характеризующие соответствующую компоненту экономического потенциала сферы агрострахования сельхозпроизводителей. Agricultural production is associated with the development of the agricultural insurance sector. According to experts, the volume of the global insurance market for insurance of risks of agricultural producers exceeds USD 30 billion. However, in Russia, the growth rates of agricultural insurance for agricultural producers lag significantly behind the growth rates of agricultural production. Assessment of economic potential helps to identify “bottlenecks” in the development of individual components of economic potential and to reduce the level of unrealized economic potential of the agricultural insurance sector. Despite the variety of scientific and practical works devoted to the study of the structure of economic potential, the development of methods, tools, information support for analysis and individual resources involved in the production process, the issues of integral assessment of the potential of the agricultural insurance sector are insufficiently developed, there is no generally accepted methodology for such an assessment. The article proposes the author’s approach to a quantitative assessment of the level of the economic potential development in the agricultural insurance sector. In the process of assessment, indicators are identified that characterize the amount of resources of each component of the economic potential, their quality and efficiency of use. An algorithm for calculating integral indices for assessing the level of development of production, financial-investment and organizational-managerial potential of agricultural insurance for agricultural producers is given. To quantify the coefficients of significance of indicators characterizing resources, the author uses the hierarchy analysis method developed by the American scientist Thomas Saaty. The hierarchy built to solve the problem of quantifying the weights of indicators characterizing each component of economic potential consists of three levels. At the top, the main goal is to assess the component of the economic potential of the agricultural insurance sector for agricultural producers, at the second level — the main activities in the field of agricultural insurance, and at the third level — the selected indicators characterizing the corresponding component of the economic potential of the agricultural insurance sector of agricultural producers.

Against the backdrop of the accelerated implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and agricultural modernization, agricultural insurance, as a core instrument for dispersing agricultural risks and ensuring the stability of farmers' income, plays a crucial role in achieving agricultural and rural modernization. As a major agricultural province, Hebei faces limitations in its traditional agricultural insurance model, including narrow coverage, archaic loss assessment methods, and severe product homogeneity, which struggle to meet the demands of modern agricultural development. The profound application of digital technology offers a breakthrough for the transformation and upgrading of agricultural insurance. This paper analyzes the current situation and challenges of agricultural insurance development in Hebei Province. In conjunction with the development context of smart agriculture, it proposes paths such as technology - enabled claims settlement, AI - based risk prediction, and IoT - driven pre - disaster prevention to promote the digital transformation of agricultural insurance, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical references for the high - quality development of agricultural insurance in Hebei Province.

Highly profitable activities of insurance companies in the future, ie from the standpoint of short-term and long-term time frame, provides for the formation of a favorable insurance environment in which the interests of all key players in the agricultural insurance market will be taken into account and protected. In this context, it is important to introduce innovative developments in the field of insurance services to the agricultural sector of the economy. As a result, this study aims to form a conceptual approach to the formation of agricultural insurance relations based on innovative approaches to using the potential of agricultural insurance, based on the feasibility and need to involve IT technologies in the insurance system of the agricultural sector; building interaction between structural elements of the market on the basis of quality management as a basis for ensuring the competitiveness of insurance services in the agricultural insurance market and the emphasis on reengineering in agricultural insurance. signs will surpass their counterparts. Ensuring the competitiveness of the insurance service depends on the level of satisfaction of policyholders in the received insurance coverage. Innovation in insurance services is manifested in the expansion of services with risky components; development of specific service packages for different groups of agricultural producers (in particular, small, medium and large). According to the results of the study, modern approaches to the formation of an effective insurance system in the agricultural sector of Ukraine are identified, the key of which are: improving the system of intermediary services in the agricultural market to strengthen the interaction of insurance companies with infrastructure entities mediation through the involvement of the latter in the mechanism of insurance services and in order to increase the coverage of insurance protection of agricultural producers; expanding the horizons of cooperation between companies working in the field of insurance protection of agricultural producers and companies providing the latter in the sale of insurance products, which cover the crop segment; establishing an active and lasting dialogue between participants of the insurance process, which is based on the principle of customer-oriented approach, based on which it is advisable to integrate the interests of a particular agricultural producer, related to the need for insurance protection. the need to attract IT technologies to the insurance system of the agricultural sector of the economy. Conceptual approaches to the formation of agro-insurance relations on the basis of innovative directions of using the potential of agro-insurance are reflected, which provide for the need to involve IT technologies in the system of insurance protection of the agricultural sector of the economy; building interaction between the structural elements of the market on the basis of quality management as a basis for ensuring the competitiveness of insurance services in the agricultural insurance market, and emphasizing reengineering in agricultural insurance.

The impact of climate change and production technology heterogeneity on China's agricultural total factor productivity and production efficiency

The subject of this paper is the analysis of agricultural insurance in the Republic of Serbia, which includes the types of agricultural insurance that exist in Serbian insurance market, the subjects that could be insured, as well as the insurance companies that are active in agricultural insurance at national level. The main goal of paper is to define the basic terms in agricultural insurance and to show the products and procedures in agricultural insurance offered by the insurance companies. Additional goal is to show the level of development and coverage of agricultural insurance in Serbia, as well as to point out the importance of insurance for agricultural development. In paper are used descriptive and deduction method, as well as desk research and descriptive statistics methods. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that the current state in agricultural insurance in Serbia is quite low, while the main factors influencing this situation are underdeveloped agriculture and the fact that agricultural insurance is not mandatory. Insurance is significantly more represented in the crop than in livestock production.