Эффективность новых кормовых добавок на основе лактулозы при выращивании кроликов

Comparative growth of triploid and diploid juvenile hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria notata under controlled laboratory conditions

The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage of study was carried out on lactating sows with suckling piglets, and then on weaned piglets up to 43 days of age. The second stage was carried out on young pigs from 43 to 165 days of life during fattening stage. For the study, two groups of sows of the 2–3 farrow were formed. The sows of the control group (C) were fed standard feed, and the experimental group (E) received standard feed with the addition of the “EnzActive Mix” feed additive in the amount 0.3 kg/t of feed. The suckling piglets received pre-starter feed from 5 days of age until weaning. The E group received the experimental feed additive in the amount of 500 g/t. Weaned piglets in the growing period continued to consume pre-starter feed. After the 43 day of life, the piglets in E group received the “EnzActive Mix” feed additive in the amount of 0.3 kg/t to the standard feed. It was found that during the experiment, which lasted 33 days, the live weight of sows decreased by 25 kg (C) and by 20 kg (E), which is 2.44% less (P<0.001). In the early age piglets in E group, there was a statistically significant increase in live weight on day 28 (P<0.001) or by 15.28% compared to C group. After fourteen days of growing, the piglets of E group had a significant increase in live weight (P<0.001) or 12.61%, compared to C group. The increase in live weight in E group is confirmed by the piglets average daily gain rise on 7.14% (P<0.001). The second (fattening) stage of the experiment showed that after adding the “EnzActive Mix” feed additive, from 43 to 80 days of life the average weight in the E group was 15.38% (P<0.001) higher than in C group, and also the increase in live weight by 14.55% (P<0.001) was admitted. We found out an increase in average daily weight gain by 17.27% (P<0.001) in the E group, pointing that the cost of feed to obtain 1 kg of weight gain was lower by 14.61% comparing to the C group. In the second fattening period from 81 to 118 days of life, the live weight in E group increased by 15.4% (P<0.001), live weight gain and average daily weight gain increased by 17.94% (P<0.001), compared to C group, whereas the feed costs per 1 kg of weight gain decreased by 15.38% (P˃0.001). In the third period of fattening, which lasted from 119 to 165 days of life, the feed consumption per 1 kg of weight gain in E group was significantly lower by 9.06 (P˃0.001), and an increase in live weight and average daily weight gain by 9.86% (P<0.001) was noted.

Aim: To compare hematological parameters between children with steady-state sickle cell disease (SCD) and those with vaso-occlusive crisis. Materials and methods: Forty-seven patients (under 18 years of age) , 23 in the steady state and 24 in crisis were in this study. Control group included 24 age-matched children without chronic disease. Hematological parameters were recorded. Complete blood counts were measured by automated analyzer. Results: In crisis group, white blood cells (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet (PLT), neutrophil and monocytes mean values (17045 /mm3, 21.62 %, 28.12 pg, 34.96 gr/dl, 432 x 109/L, 10858 /mm3, 1676 /mm3) were higher than control (7429 /mm3, 14.66 %, 26.49 pg, 33.65 gr/dl, 288 x 109/L, 3883 /mm3, 508 /mm3), (p<0.05). Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) levels (2.98 x106 /mm3, 8.35 gr/dl, 23.64 %, 9.46 fL) in crisis group were lower than control (4.75 x 106/mm3, 12.62 gr /dl, 37.49 %, 10.16 fL), (p <0.05). In steady-state group, RBC, HGB, HCT and MPV levels (3.19 x 106/mm3, 8.49 gr /dl, 24.77 %, 10.16 fL) were lower than control (4.75 x 106/mm3, 12.62 gr/dl, 37.49 %, 10.16 fL) (p<0.05). In steady-state group, WBC, RDW, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes values (12924 /mm3, 21.37%, 10150 /mm3, 3985 /mm3, 1240 /mm) were higher than control (7429/mm3, 14.66%, 3883 /mm3, 2691 /mm3, 508 /mm3), (p<0.05). Conclusion: MCH, MCHC and PLT counts can be superior diagnostic markers for vaso-occlusive crisis

In the Sverdlovsk region, holstinized black-and-white cattle of the Ural type is bred, which is represented by large, highly productive animals with a high genetic potential for productivity. The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of live weight of cows with age and its relationship with milk productivity. In animals, there is an increase in live weight with age by 22.6 kg (from 3 to 4 lactation) – 46.2 kg (from the first to the 2 lactation) or by 3.4 – 7.9%. With an increase in live weight, there was an increase in milk yields up to 3 lactation, and then their decrease. The greatest decrease was observed in the fifth lactation. The coefficient of milk production decreases with the age of cows and is accompanied by an increase in live weight. Despite an increase in live weight and a decrease in milk yield for every 100 kg of live weight of cows, all of them turned out to be of dairy-oriented productivity. However, it should be noted that achieving a live weight of 710 kg or more leads to a decrease in the efficiency of cow use. There is a low negative relationship between live weight and milk yield of cows.

Background and Objective:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy marked by the abnormal proliferation of myeloid precursor cells (blasts) in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, leading to disrupted blood cell production. The telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a key component of the telomerase enzyme, is often overexpressed in various cancers, including AML, contributing to cellular immortality. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of the hTERT gene, serum protein concentrations, and hematological parameters in newly diagnosed AML patients, comparing these findings to AML patients in remission and healthy controls. Methods:Blood samples were collected from three groups: 10 newly diagnosed AML patients, 35 AML patients in remission, and 40 healthy controls. Hematological parameters, including white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), platelet (PLT), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, were measured. Serum hTERT protein concentrations were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and hTERT gene expression was assessed through reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Result: The study demonstrated that newly diagnosed AML patients had significantly higher hTERT gene expression and serum protein levels compared to both remission patients and healthy individuals. Hematological analyses revealed elevated WBC counts alongside reduced RBC, PLT, and Hb levels in AML patients relative to controls. Conclusion:Increased hTERT expression and serum protein levels are valuable biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring AML. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting hTERT and underscore the importance of conducting further studies on larger patient cohorts to validate these results.

This study aimed to determine the effect of twinship on the hematological and biochemical parameters in ewes of the Kıvırcık breed commonly raised in the Thrace region of Turkey. The study material consisted of 30 Kıvırcık ewes at days 130-150 of gestation, aged 3-5 years, weighing 55.61 ± 0.76 kg. After ultrasound examination, the ewes included in the study were divided into a single-pregnant group (n = 15) and a twinpregnant group (n = 15), and their blood samples were taken. The levels of red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB) white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), monocytes (MON), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, cholesterol, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined in their blood samples. It was found that, although twinship did not affect hemogram values in ewes (p &gt; 0.05), the biochemical parameters, BHBA, ALT, and AST values, were significantly affected by twinship (p &lt;0.05). A high positive correlation was found between BHBA and NEFA. Thus it was concluded that twin pregnancy did not cause any significant changes in hematological parameters in Kıvırcık ewes. However, the significantly higher BHBA in twin-pregnant ewes and the high positive correlation between BHBA and NEFA indicate that the negative energy balance started to affect these animals, and a carbohydrate deficiency emerged. Therefore, twin-pregnant ewes should be monitored closely to reduce the risk of ketosis.

The aim of the work was to study the effectiveness of enzyme preparations in the composition of animal feed on the increase in live weight and meat productivity of goslings. Amylosubtilin and protosubtilin were introduced into the feed for goslings of the first experimental group; amylosubtilin and celloviridin were added into the feed for goslings of the second experimental group. It was found that the absolute increase in live weight in the control group was 6366.9 g in gander and 5734.43 g in geese. In the first experimental group this indicator was exceeded: for gander by 7.51%, in geese - by 7.24%; in the second experimental group - by 10.35% and 9.07%, respectively. The slaughter yield of half-hulled carcasses of gander in the control group was 79.27%; in the first group this indicator was higher by 1.34% and in the second group higher by 3.03%. The geese in the control group amounted to 81.80%. In the first experimental group it was higher by 1.2% and in the second experimental group higher by 1.96%. The slaughter yield of gutted carcasses of gander in the control group was 60.78%, in the first experimental group - 61.16% (+1.6%) and in the second experimental group - 62.76% (+1.98%); in geese - 62.76%, 63.17% (+1.69%) and 64.86% (+2.1%) respectively.

Effects of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection on serum biochemistry, body weight and wool growth in Merino sheep: A longitudinal study

With 195 male rearing calves which received concentrates ad libitum beside fluid feed with milk from their 5th day of life onward, investigations were made if and how far the characteristics of the development of the calves while they are fed on colostrum (body weight at birth, live weight increase and duration of keeping or stalling age) correlate with the hemoglobin content (Hb), the hematocrit (Hc) and the average corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of the animals on the 3rd, 28th resp. 56th day of keeping in the weaning period. There was a significant simple dependence particularly between body weight at birth, live weight increase and stalling age on the one hand and the hematologic values on the 3rd day of keeping in the weaning period on the other. A partial correlation analysis showed that the live weight increase while the calves were fed on colostrum was the main variable for all three hematologic parameters at the beginning of the weaning period of the calves. With increasing live weight, Hb, Hc and MCHC were diminished. This analysis was supplemented by the results of a cross--section investigation of the development of the milk and concentrate consumption and the Fe-intake of the calves fed on colostrum. The calculation of the Fe-balance showed that the mere ad libitum supply with feed supplements rich in Fe cannot prevent Fe-deficiency. Anaemia developing in the first month of the calves' lives is not a physiologic one but essentially caused by Fe-deficiency.

The article studied the effect of the initial weight of piglets when placed on rearing on their growth intensity, average daily feed consumption and feed conversion, cost indicators of the rearing process, and the cost structure of rearing piglets. It was established that an increase in the initial weight of piglets when placed on rearing by 1.1 kg caused a decrease in the rearing duration by 3.17 %, and when it increased above 8 kg by 15.81 %. At the same time, an increase in average daily gains by 1.76 % and 10.13 % and an increase in the weight of piglets when transferred to fattening was noted by 2.03 % and 2.63 %, respectively. At the same time, it caused a decrease in absolute growth by 1.46 and 7.28 %. With an increase in the weight of piglets when they were placed on rearing, their average daily feed consumption increased by 8.43 and 18.07 %, but feed conversion worsened by 5.43 % and 7.61 %. Feed consumption per piglet during the rearing period did not depend on the initial live weight during rearing. With an increase in the initial live weight of piglets in rearing above 7.0 and 8.0 kg, their value also increased by 6.22 and 19.88 %. Whereas, when transferred to fattening, the cost of one pig in all groups was almost equalized, although it exceeded the cost of animals with less than 7 kg of initial live weight by 2.28 and 2.36 %, respectively. At the same time, the cost of growing one head, on the contrary, decreased by 2.77 and 20.12 %, with an increase in the initial weight when setting up for growth. The cost of rearing piglets that weighed more than 8 kg at birth was 17.84 % lower than the counterparts whose initial weight at rearing was 7–8 kg and by 20.12 % compared to animals whose live weight at the beginning of rearing was less than 7 kg The cost of feed spent on growing one piglet and obtaining 1 kg of growth did not have a clear trend of dependence on the initial live weight of piglets on growing. The share of feed in the cost of rearing one piglet increased with an increase in the live weight of piglets by 2.33 and 9.41 %, while the costs of veterinary care did not depend on the weight of piglets at the beginning of rearing. The weight of piglets at the time of rearing had a probable influence of 14.2 % on the average daily growth but did not significantly affect the preservation of piglets and the cost of their rearing.

The aims of this work were to evaluate the effects of the deficient ingestion of protein and vitamin B on the biochemical and hematologic parameters and on the NADH- and NADPH-diaphorase positive myenteric neurons. The control animals (n=10) received commercial chow and the experimental rats (n=10) received chow with protein level reduced to 8% during 120 days. At the time of killing blood was collected for assessment of the blood and hematologic parameters and the ascending colon for quantitative analysis of the neurons of the myenteric plexus. It was observed that the reduction of the protein level to 8% coupled to the reduction of the levels of vitamin B in adult rats neither led to qualitative or quantitative changes on red or white blood cells, nor decreased globulin levels, induced the formation of edema or gave rise to clinical signs typical of protein or vitamin B deficiency. On the other hand, the experimental protocol led to less weight gain, change on the body composition with fat deposition; decrease of the values of serum total protein and albumin; reduction of the area of colon and density of nitrergic and NADH-diaphorase myenteric neurons inferior to the expected.

Variance components for residual feed intake in dairy cows

Objective To assess the safety and effect of intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) during cesarean section. Methods This was a case-control study in which 60 gravidas who received ICS (ICS group) and 60 gravidas who received allogenic transfusion (control group) during caesarean section in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University during January 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled. Subjects in the two groups were matched in age, gestational age, gestational complications (placenta increta, placenta previa, scarred uterine, leiomyomas and anemia) and hemorrhagic volume during cesarean section. Several indicators including complications of transfusion, postoperative recovery, expense of transfusion, as well as the complete blood count and body temperature before and after operation were compared between the two groups. T, rank-sum or Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results (1) No significant difference in age, gestational age, twin gestation, complications, preoperative body temperature, or the volume of hemorrhage or transfusion was observed between the two groups (all P>0.05). (2) The autotransfusion volume was 385 (161-583) ml in the ICS group. Fifteen cases (20.0%) in the ICS group also received additional transfusions of leukocyte-reduced red blood cell (RBC) suspension, fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate and two cases (3.3%) received additional transfusions of leukocyte-reduced RBC suspension and fresh frozen plasma. The two groups showed no significant difference in the cost of transfusion or per-capita transfusion volume of fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate. However, the transfusion volume of leukocyte-reduced RBC suspension was lower in the ICS group as compared with that in the control group [M (P25-P75), 1.9 (1.5-4.5) vs 4.1 (2.8-6.2) U, Z=-2.800, P=0.005]. (3) There was no significant difference in complete blood count or coagulation function between the two groups before the operation. White blood cell (WBC) counts in the two groups were elevated following operation. Postoperative WBC count in the control group was higher than that in the ICS group, while the levels of RBC and hemoglobin were lower than those in the ICS group following operation (all P<0.05). (4) No amniotic fluid embolism was reported in the two groups. Only one case of rash was reported in the ICS group, which was fewer than the transfusion reactions occurred in the control group [1.7% (1/60) vs 13.3% (8/60), χ2=5.886, P=0.016]. (5) The two groups showed no significant difference in preoperative temperature, the highest temperature within three days after operation or incision healing. Compared with the patients in the control group, those in the ICS group had shorter hospital stay [(4.7±1.1) vs (6.3±1.8) d, t=3.341, P<0.05]. Conclusion ICS is a safe and effective measure for gravidas at higher risk of hemorrhage during cesarean section. Key words: Blood transfusion, autologous; Cesarean section; Intraoperative period

Absolute (ALW) and relative (RLW) liver weight changes are sensitive endpoints in repeat-dose rodent toxicity studies, and their changes are often used for quantitative assessment of health effects induced by hepatotoxic chemicals using the benchmark dose-response modeling (BMD) approach. To find biologically relevant liver weight changes to chemical exposures, we evaluated all data available for liver weight changes and associated liver histopathologic findings from the Toxicity Reference Database (ToxRefDB). Our analysis of 389 subchronic mouse and rat studies for 273 chemicals found significant differences in treatment-related ALW and RLW changes between dose groups with and without liver histopathologic changes. In addition, we demonstrate that chemical treatment-induced ALW and RLW changes can predict the presence of histopathologic findings and inform the selection of biologically relevant liver weight changes for BMD modeling and derivation of toxicity values.

Comparison of four techniques to estimate milk production in singleton-rearing non-dairy ewes