МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В СИСТЕМЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

The modern paradigm of financial and economic security management of innovation-oriented socio-economic systems should be based on guidelines for action and management decisions aimed at ensuring and improving the level of financial and economic security. The authors consider the management of financial and economic security of innovation-oriented socio-economic systems in terms of complexity and individuality of the choice of components. The article identifies the levels of a comprehensive system of financial and economic security of higher education institutions as socio-economic organizations (institutions). The authors propose to manage the financial and economic security at both the tactical and strategic levels. This study identifies the main functions, principles and criteria of the regulatory and planned level of financial and economic security of higher education institutions and puts forward a modern concept of security of innovation-oriented socio-economic systems. The article proves that the management of financial and economic security of innovation-oriented socio-economic systems has a complex structure, which includes: goals, principles, actors, objects, tasks, functions, measures, levers and tools. Each of these components has its own characteristics, performance requirements, relationships. Innovation-oriented socio-economic systems for their safe operation must independently develop and adhere to a defined management strategy, the stages of which are described for their practical use in the management of financial and economic security. To ensure and increase the level of financial and economic security of innovation-oriented socio-economic systems, the following methods should be developed: technical, financial, informational, legal, personnel, intellectual and innovative. The authors of the article include the following principles of financial and economic security of innovation-oriented socio-economic systems: timeliness, complexity, system, legality, activity, specialization, coordination and interaction, centralization, management flexibility and sufficiency in management. These principles are included in the general structure of the management system of financial and economic security of non-productive entities.

The operating conditions of Ukrainian enterprises require maximum attention to business security issues. Each enterprise has its own system of economic security based on existing experience and in accordance with existing theoretical developments. The effectiveness of security activities within each enterprise is not high due to the spread among top management of the belief that the system of economic security is immutable and the focus of the actions of security entities on the elimination of the consequences of the implementation of the main threats. The purpose of the study was to create a theoretical basis for the development of the enterprise's economic security system, based on the current tasks facing security entities and changes in the external environment of the functioning of Ukrainian enterprises. To consider the theoretical foundations of the formation of the economic security system of the enterprise, the following methods were applied: induction and deduction, comparison and systematization – in the study of the essential characteristics of the terms "system", "system approach" and "system of economic security of the enterprise"; synthesis and analysis – to consider the phasing of the formation of the enterprise's economic security system; morphological analysis – to specify the components of the enterprise's economic security system; graphic – for visual presentation of theoretical and methodical material; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalizations and research conclusions. The importance of rethinking the foundations of the formation of the enterprise's economic security system is substantiated, taking into account the current trends in increasing the share of the digital economy, digitalization of the labor market and the need for the appropriate digital transformation of the enterprise. Based on the generalization of the modern interpretation of the concepts "system", "system approach" and "system of economic security of the enterprise" a model of the formation of the system of economic security of the enterprise in the conditions of digitization of the labor market has been developed. As structural components of such a system, the following are highlighted: target orientations of security activities; task; subjects and objects of security; functions; politics; strategy, principles, security objects; provisioning mechanism. Attention is paid to the tools and equipment that determine the effectiveness of security entities in the ability to maintain the level of security necessary for the development of the enterprise.

The purpose of this article is to develop a model and proposals for the organization of management of financial and economic security (FESM) of port enterprises (PE). Improvement of the management of financial and economic security we propose to begin with the development of methodological approaches to assessment of the level of financial and economic security. To do this, the article makes a proposal to use a functional criterion, which is defined as the ratio of costs for the organization and operation of the financial security service to the profit obtained during the period of the study. Also, a set of indicators is developed that, unlike existing ones, take into account specifics of the industry. The article also proposes optimal plans for cargo processing, which result in a minimum cost and maximum profit. Through the function of process management, a comprehensive statistical model of managing the system of financial and economic security of port enterprises is proposed. This model takes into account specific factors of PE operation and developed approaches that ensure the organization of PE FES management by embracing traditional financial approaches and their alternatives. The authors state that for the effective organization of financial and economic security of port enterprises it is necessary to conduct timely monitoring of external and internal threats, assess and analyze the level of financial and economic security and develop strategic ways of enterprise development. And the recommendation to the management is to carry out well-timed control and audit of financial condition.

The article is devoted to the research of the scientific and methodological principles for measuring the economic security level. The author focuses attention on the features and elements of the estimation process, and the relationships between different elements. The article forms a system of interrelationships between estimation elements: estimation direction – nature (type) of estimation – estimation tools – security assessment results. The article contains a comprehensive approach to the assessment of economic security developed by the author, which includes a combination of different focuses of assessing the elements of the economic security system at different hierarchical levels (global, regional and national), namely the assessment of the global security environment through the analysis of threats and risks; multi-criteria assessment of countries' positions in the global economic environment; comparative analysis of regional security complexes; assessment of the foreign trade component in the system of economic security, analysis of national features of the countries’ economic security system. The developed approach allows to obtain a comprehensive vision of the features economic security system of the national economies operating in conditions of rapid transformations of the global environment. To assess threats and risks, it is proposed to use a survey procedure using the questionnaire method, which will allow to obtain an expert assessment of the factors of the security environment. Such a questionnaire may include a previously formed list of risks and threats of various nature and contain open questions, which allowed the involved experts to add other factors not taken into account or omitted in the given list. The peculiarity is that experts need to evaluate each risk or threat according to such evaluation criteria as the probability of occurrence, the strength of the influence on the socio-economic development security, the period of potential impact on the security level, which will allow to provide a quantitative dimension to the threats and risks and rank them by value. Key words: security, economic security, estimation process, security environment, threat, risk.

The article is devoted to the study of the development of national legislation on ensuring the functioning of the economic security system of Ukraine in the period of independence. Attention is drawn to the necessity and expediency of acquaintance and analysis of key normative legal acts of different legal force, which are directly or indirectly related to the economic component of national security. It emphasizes the need to identify the major historical events that have served as a prerequisite for building a national economic security system and those that, at appropriate times, have influenced its improvement. Political and economic factors have been determined, which made it expedient to adopt (approve) the basic acts for ensuring the state’s economic security system. The role of the Constitution of Ukraine is defined as the fundamental document that laid the legal basis for the development of the state’s economic security system. In the context of scientific research, particular attention is paid to the laws of Ukraine “On the basics of national security” and “On national security of Ukraine”, as the basic normative legal acts to ensure the system of economic security of the state at different times. Key backgrounds for each of them have been identified and their role in building and improving Ukraine’s economic security system has been improved. A number of acts, which were of significant importance for the development and systematic improvement of Ukraine’s national economic security system in the conditions of independence providing protection of the domestic economy and promoting its necessary development. Keywords: ensuring the functioning of the economic security system of Ukraine, the economic security of Ukraine, development of legislation to ensure the functioning of the economic security system of Ukraine, the economic security system of Ukraine, subjects of ensuring the economic security system of Ukraine.

В статье обсуждаются и обобщаются методологические и методические аспекты взаимосвязи инвестиционной привлекательности и экономической безопасности экономической системы в контексте сбалансированного развития инновационно-инвестиционной деятельности региона на программно-целевой основе. Рассматриваются основные методические подходы по оценке инвестиционной привлекательности региона в системе экономической безопасности, по выбору оценочных факторов позитивного и негативного воздействия. Характеризуется взаимосвязь экономической безопасности с потенциалом экономического роста, который, в свою очередь, невозможен без роста инвестиций, и предлагаются авторские позиции по обозначенной проблематике. The article discusses and summarizes the methodological and methodical aspects of the relations between the investment attractiveness and economic security of the economic system in the context of the balanced development of innovation and investment activities of the region on a program-target basis. The main methodological approaches to assessing the investment attractiveness of the region in the system of economic security, the choice of evaluation factors of positive and negative impact are examined. The interrelation of economic security with the potential of economic growth is characterized, which in turn is not possible without the growth of investments and the author’s positions on the identified issues are offered.

Introduction . An effective system of economic security, organized with the allocation of an adequate amount of financial resources for the establishment of processes of security-oriented management, can provide enterprises with a high level of functional efficiency and level up the need to use tools of crisis management through the mechanisms of counteracting the crisis of entrepreneurial activity. However, for today's business entities in Ukraine, the fragmentary structure of economic security systems is typical. Under such conditions, it is impossible to completely eliminate the threat of a crisis, however, the available resources, informational, personnel and financial security of economic security can effectively counteract the crisis and promote the restoration of the normal financial and economic state of the enterprise, institution, organization, which in general is the goal of crisis management. Thus, the research topic related to attempts to specify the role and importance of crisis management in the system of managing economic security of economic entities is relevant and timely in view of the intensification of crisis trends in the national economic system . Purpose . The purpose of this work is to study the role and significance of crisis management in the system of economic security management of economic entities in order to establish the possibility of modernizing microeconomic security systems to ensure effective counteraction to the spread of crisis phenomena at enterprises of different forms of ownership and types of economic activity. Methods. Method of theoretical analysis, monographic method, method of generalization, abstract-logical method are used. Results. The work specifies the role and significance of crisis management in the system of economic security management of economic entities. The content of the concept of crisis management with the consideration of the essential interpretation of the category of economic security is proposed. The traditional principles of crisis management are considered and adapted to the domestic features of economic security of economic structures. Originality. The subsystem of crisis management is investigated and measures of economic security management of the enterprise are substantiated, which should be carried out within the framework of functioning of each of these subsystems. The possibilities and directions of interaction of crisis management and economic security management in the system of management of the subject of economic activity for realization of the main economic interests of the enterprises, institutions and organizations as well as all categories of their stakeholders are determined. Conclusion . Attraction of tools and practices of crisis management in the system of economic security can provide timely identification of threatening trends and phenomena, minimization of their negative impact on the financial position and financial results of the enterprise, as well as meet the information needs of management of the entity to make managerial decisions in response to the threats to it economic security.

Aim. The work aimed to study the consequences of implementing products using artificial intelligence technologies in economic security systems.Objectives. The work seeks to analyze the development directions and results of artificial intelligence technologies; to assess the capabilities (beneficial effects) of these technologies in economic security systems of organizations; to identify specific threats to economic security, associated with the use of artificial intelligence technologies in organizations; to develop recommendations for mitigating these threats.Methods. The study employed comparative and retrospective analysis, economic-statistical and index methods, as well as special methods for studying economic security, expert-analytical and system approaches.Results. It has been established that the use of artificial intelligence in economic security systems can produce a significant beneficial effect. The advantages of its use in the field under consideration are associated with the fact that in formal analysis (from the standpoint of its rate, accuracy, consistency and taking into account the maximum possible number of factors), the artificial intelligence products surpass human capabilities. This results in a gradual replacement (moreover in the future) of human intelligence with artificial intelligence in the field under consideration, at least in cases of tasks that do not require non-standard, creative solutions, based sometimes on the paradoxical nature of human thinking. At the same time, such a development of events gives rise to a number of specific threats to economic security, namely “engagement” of many products using AI technologies; the possibility of manipulating information; loss of critical thinking skills by officials; the growing importance of cyberattacks.Conclusions. The development of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence technologies, has an ambiguous impact on economic security at all levels of the economic system. Overcoming the problems identified in the study requires activities in a number of fields, namely the formation of national products using artificial intelligence technologies, within the implementation of state policy to achieve technological sovereignty; strengthening the information component of systemic measures to ensure economic security; revision of approaches to the formation of competencies of specialists in the field of economic security, who use (or can potentially use) artificial intelligence products in their activities.

In the article essence of the system of economic security is certain enterprise, and also him basic descriptions. Interpretation of concept «security of enterprise service» is given and it is enumerated functions that is executed by security service. It is indicated on that the list of functions can change on every enterprise depending on his aims. Basic objects that is guarded by security service are in-process enumerated. The row of the stages recommended businessmen at creation of economic security service that consist of is presented: decision-making about the necessity of creation of economic security; determination of general tasks of economic security service; development of position is about economic security, determination of structure and claim of the states service; set of shots. Development of position about economic security, determination of structure and claim of the states service an organizational structure over of economic security of enterprise, that evidently leads to a considerable role in this structure of security of enterprise service, is Brought. Basic subdivisions of security service are indicated in the presented structure, such as: marketing service, service of economic secret service, analytical services, technical departments, service of guard. The basic criteria of estimation of efficiency and reliability of security service are certain. The basic factors of influence are exposed on functioning of security service, such as: economic activity, legality, competence, efficiency, duplication of functions

Abstract. Ensuring economic security is a guarantee of independence and autonomy of the state, an integral condition for stability and effective functioning of society. Given the development of the world economy, ensuring the economic security of Ukraine, which is the basis of national security, is becoming an increasingly urgent problem. The formation of the system of economic security of Ukraine takes place in the conditions of economic globalization, which can not but affect the national interests and trends of socio-economic development of the country. It is to address this result that the issue of regulating the role and place of economic security in the general system of public administration mechanisms in Ukraine arises. In today’s realities there is a negative trend of increasing influence of external and internal threats on the activities of the state and its management. The modern concept of state development provides a single set of requirements for its institutions: openness of legal and economic systems; transparency of the mechanism of public administration, its economic, legal and information support; protection of economic interests of the state, social protection of life and health of the population, etc. Improving the management of economic processes in the state should begin with the development of a clear procedure and mechanisms for identifying and neutralizing threats in the system, which will contribute to the development of effective economic policy, state control over the socio-economic system, objective prioritization of economic reform, etc. Assessment of the current state of economic regulation has revealed that the main energy of the executive branch is spent not on overcoming the causes that provoke illegitimate phenomena, but on combating their consequences, so it requires the development of effective mechanisms for public administration of economic security. Keywords: evaluation, public administration, economic security, state, methodological approach. JEL Classification H83, H44, E44, L51, F52 Formulas: 9; fig.: 1; tabl.: 6; bibl.: 33.

In the conditions of formation of market mechanisms in the national economy, development of modern business, the system of ensuring economic security becomes very important, because it provides guidelines for making basic socio-economic decisions. The main condition for increasing the efficiency and sustainability of industrial enterprises in transformational conditions is to improve the system of economic security, taking into account a number of factors. Among all the components that directly or indirectly affect the formation of the system of economic security in business, special attention requires digitalization of business. The importance of digitalization of business covers micro and macroeconomic levels of economic relations. It is impossible to guarantee a high level of economic security without taking into account the tools of business digitalization. Deliberate or careless disclosure of commercial information, damage to business reputation - all these factors negatively affect the effectiveness and profitability of economic entities. In recent decades, the concept of "economic security" has become relevant. Scientists, politicians and public figures are paying more and more attention to security issues. The peculiarities of the development of modern society have a significant impact: the processes of internationalization and globalization of national economies. The intensification of these processes has led to the formation of a qualitatively new economic environment, significant dynamism of economic interstate relations, qualitative and quantitative variability of economic space parameters, continuous emergence of local and global crises, hierarchy and multi-vector influences, threats, general ineffectiveness of socio-economic changes. In today's market conditions, where the conditions of competition are becoming tougher, it is impossible to operate business structures without creating a clear system of interaction with the environment and optimizing their activities to meet consumer needs and maximize corporate profits and use the latest technologies and innovations. For Ukrainian organizations, enterprise management as a system, in the complex conditions of modern business, is especially important because the changing situation in the country, the gradual development of a new economic order makes more and more entrepreneurs aware of the need for modern innovation. In this regard, the problem of ensuring the economic security of modern business becomes particularly relevant and timely research.

This paper examines some of the major types of risks and threats that may be posed to the economic security of national enterprises. Its purpose is to terminologically fine-tune the categories ‘threats’ and ‘risk’, analyze and classify risks from the standpoint of the multicriteria approach, as well as fine-tune existing methods for assessing risks faced by a firm’s economic security system. Based on the findings from their analysis of relevant materials, the authors have formulated the following conclusions:•an event that does not yield itself to assessment from the standpoint of quantitative and qualitative parameters is regarded as a threat. In this context, it becomes virtually impossible to come up with efficient preventive activities, as it is problematic to conduct quantitative assessments of this kind of event. Reducing the extent of a threat requires identifying and classifying relevant risks;•a modern enterprise is a backbone element in the national economy. Managing risks and threats posed to economic security at the microlevel is a part of the national strategy for social/economic development in the Russian Federation. This is why threats that emerge at the level of interaction among business entities are strategic risks;•assessing risk implies not only identifying the intensity of negative impact factors but constructing its specific forms as well. Assessment procedures are based on detecting negative impact factors, establishing the degree of their impact on a firm’s economic security system, and forecasting the potential reactions of the firm’s subsystems. The most frequently used assessment methods are expert and mathematical methods.

В статье рассмотрены теоретические аспекты системного подхода к организации экономической безопасности предприятия. Определена структура подсистемы экономической безопасности в рамках системы управления. Проведен анализ взаимосвязи между целями, компонентами и сферой деятельности системы экономической безопасности. Определены суть и содержание информационного обмена между системой экономической безопасности и системой управления предприятия. Определены преимущества применения системного подхода при организации экономической безопасности. This article describes theoretic aspects of systematic approach in organizing company’s economic security. The structure of the economic security subsystem within the framework of management is defined. Connection between economic security system’s objective, components and field of activity is analyzed. The essence and content of information exchange between the economic security system and the company’s management system are defined. The advantages of using a systematic approach in organizing economic security are described.

Task. Issues devoted to the delimitation of methods and procedures of related scientific areas: risk management, economic security, management and risk management are studied and researched by many authors. This gives rise to thoughts about a single basic basis for the listed scientific movements. So, the author, in order to avoid constant repetition of listing the scientific directions under consideration in the article, calls them directions, economic categories, etc., but the problem raised by the author of the article is the differentiation of the main elements, in particular methods, procedures, goals, objectives, principles between the studied categories, namely risk management, economic security, management and risk management. The purpose of the article is to systematize the listed elements and consider their duplication in the scientific areas under consideration. Model. The author systematizes, on the basis of those reviewed by modern economists and analysts, as well as classic scientific works, the basic elements of risk management, economic security, management and risk management. An attempt was made to find an answer to the question «are there specific developed methods and techniques for risk management of an organization that would distinguish it from the risk management system and other scientific areas?» Conclusions. Economic categories: risk management, economic security, management and risk management are considered as a single process in economic research, and therefore economists do not have a clear opinion and understanding of the differences between these categories. Practical significance. A comparative analysis of the essence of the main elements of risk management, economic security, management and risk management allows us to determine the most appropriate methods and procedures for the practical application of risk management in organizations. Allows you to develop an understanding of the implementation of risk management principles in organizations to achieve their goals. Originality. The list of goals, objectives, procedures and principles of risk management, economic security, management and risk management has been clarified, expanded and systematized.

Relevance of the research. For Ukraine, the relevance of the topic is enhanced by the need to develop a long-term model of economic recovery and modernization, which would be based on the principles of sustainability, economic sovereignty, social security and integration into the European security space. In the EU countries, in turn, there is a growing awareness of the need to strengthen economic and energy security, adaptation to the new reality, where the policy of “soft power” no longer ensures stability. Therefore, the issue of economic security is becoming key for the formation of modern economic policy of both Ukraine and the European Union. Problem statement. Modern economic challenges require a new scientific paradigm — an integrative model of security economics, which would allow states to maintain stability and competitiveness, providing protection from threats and creating a basis for long-term development. Analysis of recent research and publications. The issue of economic security is considered in various conceptual planes, for example, during the period of F. Roosevelt's “New Deal”, when economic stabilization was considered an element of national security in the USA. Ukrainian researchers, in particular, Ya. Zhalilo, consider economic security as the ability of the economy to self-reproduce and resist destabilizing factors. Other scientists focus on the resilience of the economic system to external and internal threats (O. Skoruk, Z. Gbur), methods of their neutralization, mechanisms for ensuring competitiveness and socio-economic stability. Research task. Theoretical justification and empirical analysis of the concept of security economy in the context of modern geopolitical challenges, as well as identification of key areas of economic policy of Ukraine and the European Union countries. Main material presentation. The article analyzes Ukraine’s national strategies in the field of economic security since 2014, and shows how the military conflict forced the state to move towards the integration of defense, energy, financial and social mechanisms into a common economic paradigm. Particular attention is paid to post-war recovery programs, including grant initiatives, stimulating small and medium-sized businesses, supporting critical infrastructure and attracting international assistance. It highlights research approaches to the analysis of economic growth as an ambiguous indicator of well-being and security, in particular with regard to environmental, social and institutional consequences. The concept of “economic socialization” is considered, which involves the development of human capital, social cohesion and citizen participation in decision-making as a key condition for sustainable development. In the context of the EU, the emphasis is on changes in the security paradigm, which were manifested through the adoption of the Strategic Compass, strengthening the defense potential, energy transformation and the conclusion of security agreements with Ukraine. It is shown that the security economy is becoming a new model of cooperation between Ukraine and Europe, focused on long-term stability, strategic autonomy, and the protection of democratic values. Conclusions. Economic security in the post-war recovery period will obviously be closely linked to social stability. After the war, many people face unemployment, loss of housing, and a decline in living standards. The state must ensure social support, the creation of new jobs, access to education, and health services. This will help avoid social tensions and ensure internal stability. Keywords: security economy, economic security, post-war recovery, economic growth, social cohesion, public policy, institutional stability.